世界記憶遺産 容認できない南京事件の登録

The Yomiuri Shimbun
Unacceptable for UNESCO to add Nanjing Incident to memory list
世界記憶遺産　容認できない南京事件の登録

Could the latest UNESCO registration be misunderstood as a stamp of approval given by an international organization to China’s one-sided claim concerning historical perception? This is a serious situation.
　歴史問題を巡る中国の一方的な主張に、国際機関が「お墨付き」を与えたと誤解されないか。憂慮すべき事態である。

“Documents of Nanjing Massacre,” which China recommended to UNESCO, were added to its Memory of the World list.
　国連教育・科学・文化機関（ユネスコ）の世界記憶遺産に、中国が申請した「南京大虐殺の文書」が登録された。

After the selection by UNESCO’s International Advisory Committee, the U.N. organization’s director general, Irina Bokova, made the final decision. Another item recommended by China — materials related to so-called comfort women — was not registered in the list.
　ユネスコの国際諮問委員会の選考作業を踏まえ、イリナ・ボコバ事務局長が最終決定した。中国が同時に申請した「慰安婦に関する資料」は登録されなかった。

The Memory of the World list was originally meant to preserve or utilize historically important documents and other materials.
　世界記憶遺産は本来、歴史的に重要な文書などの保存や活用を目的にしたものだ。

We cannot accept China’s stance of using a system for protecting cultural assets for political purposes in a campaign against Japan and trying to fix its self-righteous historical perception in the international community.
　文化財保護の制度を「反日宣伝」に政治利用し、独善的な歴史認識を国際社会に定着させようとする中国の姿勢は容認できない。

“Documents of Nanjing Massacre” include written rulings on Japanese war criminals at the Nanjing Incident tribunal after the end of World War II. The written rulings put the number of victims in the incident at “more than 300,000.”
　「南京大虐殺の文書」には、南京軍事法廷が戦後、日本人の戦犯を裁いた判決書などが含まれる。判決書は、南京事件の犠牲者を「３０万人以上」としている。

However, in Japan, the dominant view is that, based on demographic statistics for Nanjing at that time and other factors, a death toll of “more than 300,000” is far removed from reality. In a report released by a joint research team of Japanese and Chinese historians, Japanese scholars pointed out that “there are varying estimates on the number of victims in the incident, ranging from 20,000 to 40,000 to up to 200,000.”
　だが、日本では、当時の人口動態などから、実態とかけ離れているとの見方が支配的だ。日中歴史共同研究でも、日本は「２０万人を上限に、４万人、２万人など様々な推計がある」と指摘した。

Concerning the registration on the list, the Japanese Foreign Ministry questioned the “integrity and authenticity” of the documents and said their registration was problematic for “an international body that should be neutral and fair.” The ministry’s stance is quite natural.
　登録について、外務省が文書の「完全性や真正性」に疑問を呈し、「中立・公平であるべき国際機関として問題」とユネスコを批判したのは、当然である。

Selection process opaque

This time, other items recommended by Japan, such as “Return to Maizuru Port” records including diaries and letters of Japanese detainees in Siberia, were added to the list. They reflect historical facts, and there were no objections to the registration from Russia.
　今回、日本からはシベリア抑留者の日記や手紙で構成する「舞鶴への生還」などが登録された。史実を反映したもので、ロシアからも異論は出ていない。

This contrasts with the “Nanjing” case in which Japan repeatedly conveyed its concern about the registration to the UNESCO secretariat.
　日本がユネスコ事務局に登録への懸念を度々伝えていた「南京」のケースとは事情が異なる。

UNESCO’s International Advisory Committee comprises 14 experts — mainly researchers of library science and those involved in archives. The selection process, which is not open to the public, is too opaque.
　ユネスコの諮問委員会は１４人の専門家で構成されている。図書館学の研究者や公文書館関係者が中心で、選考過程は公開されていない。余りにも不透明だ。

Japan’s annual financial contribution to UNESCO is ¥3.7 billion, about 10 percent of its yearly budget, and Japan substantially supports the activities of the world body. It is indispensable to urge UNESCO to improve the registration system for the Memory of the World list.
　日本はユネスコ予算の約１割にあたる年間３７億円の分担金を支払い、その活動を実質的に支えている。記憶遺産の登録制度の改善を働きかけることが欠かせない。

There is a possibility that China could again recommend materials related to “comfort women.” South Korea also is preparing for a registration of testimonies by comfort women in two years.
　「慰安婦」の資料については、中国が再申請する可能性がある。韓国も慰安婦証言の２年後の登録を目指し、準備を進めている。

When Japan’s Meiji era (1868-1912) industrial revolution sites were added to the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage list in July this year, South Korea opposed the registration, claiming that Korean workers were requisitioned during the war. After negotiations with South Korea over the issue, Japan finally was able to realize registration. However, Japan was swayed by Seoul’s political maneuvering.
　今年７月に「明治日本の産業革命遺産」が世界文化遺産に登録される際には、韓国は、大戦中に朝鮮人労働者の徴用があったとして、反対した。日本は韓国との交渉の末、登録にこぎつけたが、韓国の政治工作に翻弄された。

Japan needs to quickly reconsider its strategy for UNESCO.
　日本は早急に、対ユネスコ戦略を練り直さねばならない。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 11, 2015)