The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 29, 2011)
Putin's expected return to Kremlin worrisome
ロシア次期政権 不安も伴うプーチン氏再登板（9月28日付・読売社説）
At a recent congress of the ruling United Russia party, Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin expressed his intention to run in the presidential election to be held next March.
ロシアのプーチン首相が、政権与党「統一ロシア」の党大会で、来年３月の大統領選に出馬する意向を表明した。
Putin served as president for two terms spanning eight years until 2008. If he regains the presidency, he likely will hold the reigns of power for an exceptionally long time.
プーチン氏は、２００８年まで２期８年間、大統領を務めていた。返り咲けば、異例の長期政権となろう。
Incumbent President Dmitry Medvedev will reportedly become prime minister.
現大統領のメドベージェフ氏は今度は首相になるという。
This transfer of power, widely believed to be based on an agreement the two made earlier, is hard to understand.
「以前からの２人の合意」に基づくとされるが、理解しがたい権力の座の交換である。
Medvedev has called for the need to establish judicial independence and promote economic reforms, including the development of cutting-edge industries.
メドべージェフ大統領は、司法の独立や、先端産業の育成など経済改革の必要性を訴えてきた。
However, he has not achieved these goals.
その成果はまだ上がっていない。
His expected exit from office likely will disappoint reform-minded intellectuals who had hoped he would stay on as president.
大統領の続投に期待した改革派知識人は、失望しているだろう。
===
Resurgence of tight rule?
There are concerns over the new administration's style of governance.
懸念されるのは、次期政権の統治手法である。
While Putin was president, he strengthened law and order and achieved economic growth, successfully ending the chaos inherited from the previous administration of President Boris Yeltsin, under whom Russia's gross domestic product declined continuously.
プーチン氏は大統領時代、強力な治安体制を敷くとともに、経済成長を達成して、国内総生産が低下の一途をたどったエリツィン政権時代の混乱を収拾することに成功した。
This is a factor behind Putin's relatively high popularity among Russian people.
国民の間で今も比較的高い人気を誇る所以(ゆえん)だ。
On the other side of the coin, Putin put principal industries under state control and placed his right-hand men as executives at key corporations.
一方で、主要産業を国家管理下に置いて経営陣に腹心を送り込んだ。
He had no qualms about shutting down businesses that did not operate as he wished by resorting to extralegal means.
意に沿わない企業を超法規的に潰すこともいとわなかった。
Media organizations were strictly controlled, and a reporter who wrote antigovernment articles was shot dead.
メディアは統制され、反政府的な記事を書く記者が射殺される事件も起きた。
Rule over minority ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region was tightened.
北カフカスの少数民族に対する支配も強化された。
If Putin merely adheres to similar governance methods after returning to office, he will not be able to resolve the knotty issues facing Russian society.
大統領に復帰後、同様の手法を踏襲するだけでは、ロシア社会が直面する難題は解決できまい。
As for the crucial issue of the economy, Russia has not broken free from its reliance on natural gas and other resources.
肝心の経済は、天然ガスなど資源に依存する体質から抜け出せていない。
The sudden dismissal recently of the country's reformist deputy prime minister, who had called for fiscal discipline, has created uncertainty about the future.
財政規律を重視する改革派の副首相が突然解任されたことも、前途に不安を残す。
An increasing number of Russian people are reportedly thinking about getting out of the country.
最近は、国外脱出を考える国民が増えているという。
The new administration will get bogged down sooner or later if it fails to promote democratization and economic structural reform.
民主化や経済の構造改革なしには、政権はいずれ行き詰まるだろう。
===
Territorial issue still pending
Japan, for its part, will be watching closely to see whether Putin's return to the Kremlin will help find a resolution to the territorial dispute with Russia.
日本としては、プーチン氏の大統領復帰で北方領土問題が動き出すのかを、注視したい。
Last November, Medvedev visited Kunashiri, one of four disputed islands off Hokkaido, becoming the first Russian or Soviet head to do so.
昨年１１月、メドベージェフ大統領は、ソ連時代を含めロシアの国家元首としては初めて、北方領土の国後島を訪れている。
His visit, timed to take advantage of the disarray embroiling the Democratic Party of Japan-led government, poured cold water on Japan's demands that the four northern territories be returned.
日本の民主党政権の混迷につけいる形で、４島返還要求に冷水を浴びせる動きだった。
Putin has gone no further than admitting the validity of the Japan-Soviet Joint Declaration of 1956, which pledged "the return of Habomai and Shikotan islands to Japan after the conclusion of a peace treaty."
プーチン氏も、「平和条約締結後に、歯舞、色丹の２島を日本に引き渡す」とした１９５６年の日ソ共同宣言の有効性を認める立場にとどまっている。
But some observers point out that Putin could begin to attach greater weight to Russia's ties with Tokyo as a check against China's rise.
ただ、台頭する中国への牽制(けんせい)から、対日関係を重視する、との見方もある。
Japan must develop strategic diplomacy vis-a-vis Moscow to advance negotiations on the territorial dispute.
交渉を前進させるための戦略的な対露外交を構築すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 28, 2011)
（2011年9月28日01時31分 読売新聞）
2011/09/30
2011/09/29
スラチャイのタイ語教室
文章は小学校の教科書からではなくって、タイの実社会で使われているものを採用しました。
วันเวลาข่างผ่านไปไวเหลือเกิน
It is unbelievable how time flies!
時の経つのは信じられないくらい速いものですねー！
語彙：
วัน ワン（平声3-3） wan 日
เวลา ウェーラー（平声3-3） wee(i)laa 時間
ช่าง チャーン（下降声5-1） ch＞aang 職人（ここでは職人の意味ではなくって、直前のเวลาを修飾する。あえて日本語に翻訳すると、時間ちゃん＾＾）
ผ่าง パーン（低声1-1） ph,aang 通る、通過する
ไป パイ（平声3-3） pai 行く
ไว ワイ（平声3-3） wai （速度や動作が）素早く、機敏に
เหลือเกิน ルア（上昇声1-5）カーン （平声3-3） l＜u(i)a kaa(*)n 過度に
声調の説明
タイ語の単語は５種の異なったパターンで発音されます。
（平声3-3）
（低声1-1）
（下降声5-1）
（高声5-5）
（上昇声1-5）
の５種類です。
普通の高さを３とし、１が低い音、５が高い音を示します。
タイ語の子音、母音は日本語の発音パターンには含まれていないものが多いので学習はけっこう難しいです。
日本語の母音に近いのは｢あ｣と｢い｣くらいのものですが、それらとて日本語の｢あ｣｢い｣と、まったく同じではないのです。
タイ語の子音には二重子音という厄介なものがあります。ふたつの子音を同時に発声すると解説書には書かれていますが、厳密には可能な限り短い時間内でふたつの子音を発声するということです。
具体例をあげます。
ปลา プラー（平声3-3）plaa 魚
ป 頭子音 p
ล 頭子音 l
า 母音 aa
｢p｣と｢l｣とを、ほぼ同時に発声するので、パーに聞こえます。
実際、タイ人でも教育程度の低い人ほど｢l｣を省略してパーと発声する人が多いです。
教育を受けた人は、その程度が高いほど、この二重子音の発声は厳格に守る傾向にあるようです。
วันเวลาข่างผ่านไปไวเหลือเกิน
It is unbelievable how time flies!
時の経つのは信じられないくらい速いものですねー！
語彙：
วัน ワン（平声3-3） wan 日
เวลา ウェーラー（平声3-3） wee(i)laa 時間
ช่าง チャーン（下降声5-1） ch＞aang 職人（ここでは職人の意味ではなくって、直前のเวลาを修飾する。あえて日本語に翻訳すると、時間ちゃん＾＾）
ผ่าง パーン（低声1-1） ph,aang 通る、通過する
ไป パイ（平声3-3） pai 行く
ไว ワイ（平声3-3） wai （速度や動作が）素早く、機敏に
เหลือเกิน ルア（上昇声1-5）カーン （平声3-3） l＜u(i)a kaa(*)n 過度に
声調の説明
タイ語の単語は５種の異なったパターンで発音されます。
（平声3-3）
（低声1-1）
（下降声5-1）
（高声5-5）
（上昇声1-5）
の５種類です。
普通の高さを３とし、１が低い音、５が高い音を示します。
タイ語の子音、母音は日本語の発音パターンには含まれていないものが多いので学習はけっこう難しいです。
日本語の母音に近いのは｢あ｣と｢い｣くらいのものですが、それらとて日本語の｢あ｣｢い｣と、まったく同じではないのです。
タイ語の子音には二重子音という厄介なものがあります。ふたつの子音を同時に発声すると解説書には書かれていますが、厳密には可能な限り短い時間内でふたつの子音を発声するということです。
具体例をあげます。
ปลา プラー（平声3-3）plaa 魚
ป 頭子音 p
ล 頭子音 l
า 母音 aa
｢p｣と｢l｣とを、ほぼ同時に発声するので、パーに聞こえます。
実際、タイ人でも教育程度の低い人ほど｢l｣を省略してパーと発声する人が多いです。
教育を受けた人は、その程度が高いほど、この二重子音の発声は厳格に守る傾向にあるようです。
水説：金持ちが逃げていく＝潮田道夫
(Mainichi Japan) September 28, 2011
Rich Japanese should not receive tax breaks despite signs of fleeing overseas
水説：金持ちが逃げていく＝潮田道夫
＜ｓｕｉ－ｓｅｔｓｕ＞
A growing number of Japanese people are reportedly moving to Singapore where income and corporate tax rates are far lower than their home country.
日本からシンガポールに居を移す日本人が増えているそうだ。所得税にせよ法人税にせよずっと安いからだ。
A friend of mine who previously worked as a bureaucrat said celebrities were among those who have moved to Singapore.
官僚出身のさる友人が移住した有名人を教えてくれた。
I will withhold their names as it doesn't matter if they have chosen to live away from Japan.
名前は秘すが、感想を述べるならば「日本にいてくれなくてもちっとも構わない」というような人々だった。
However, the friend fears that higher tax rates will certainly prompt companies and human resources that are indispensable for Japan's growth to flee abroad sooner or later.
しかしながら、そのうち日本に必要な企業も人材も海外流出してしまうだろう、というのが友人の懸念である。
To prevent the outflow of key businesses and human resources, it is necessary to lower tax rates.
それを食い止めるには、何税であれ税率を下げるのが一番ということになる。
Corporate tax rates and the maximum rate for income taxes in Singapore and Hong Kong are less than half those in Japan, and these two territories levy no inheritance tax. In terms of tax rates, Japan cannot compete with them.
シンガポールや香港などの法人税は日本の半分以下である。所得税の最高税率もそうだ。相続税に至ってはゼロ。そこだけみれば日本は勝負にならない。
The friend warns that Japan will hollow out unless it substantially cuts taxes even though such a measure could stir criticism that Japan gives favorable treatment to businesses and wealthy people.
「企業優遇」とか「金持ち優遇」とか言っていないで減税しないと、結果的に日本は空洞化する、というわけだ。
I share the rich exodus fears of my friend, but if Japan gives excessively favorable treatment to major companies and rich people, it will have harmful effects on society.
私もそういう懸念を共有するけれど、企業優遇、金持ち優遇もやりすぎるとおかしなことになる。
An article that Warren Buffet recently contributed to The New York Times has drawn worldwide attention.
少し極端な例かもしれないが、米フォーブス誌の長者番付で今年全米２位の投資家、ウォーレン・バフェット氏のニューヨーク・タイムズへの寄稿が話題を呼んだ。
In his article Buffet said he paid 17.4 percent of his taxable income as taxes, below the 20 percent that one of his secretaries paid, because most of his income is earnings from investments.
バフェット氏の秘書は課税所得の２０％を税金として納めているが、彼はそれより低い１７・４％で済んだ。低税率の投資収入がほとんどだからである。
Buffet then called for higher tax rates for wealthy people.
バフェット氏は「大金持ちにもっと課税せよ」と主張した。余裕だねえ。
Buffet was ranked second in U.S. magazine Forbes' list of the richest people in the country, while the Koch brothers, who own a petrochemical conglomerate, were ranked fourth.
長者番付に戻れば、全米４位はコーク兄弟。
（この部分英訳抜けです＾＾ by srachai）
ふたりあわせて５００億ドル（約３兆９０００億円）もの資産だ。日本での知名度は低いが、非公開の石油化学財閥のオーナーである。
Thanks to a rise in the prices of resources, the value of the brothers' combined assets has risen from 34 billion dollars four years ago to 50 billion dollars today.
このところの資源高のおかげで、兄弟の合計資産は４年前の３４０億ドルから５００億ドルに跳ね上がった。
However, it is notable that the number of employees at the company that the brothers run decreased from 80,000 to 67,000 even though they have become wealthier -- a fact that dismisses U.S. conservatives' claims that if the rich are given preferential treatment, less wealthy people will also get a small share of their benefits, eventually making everyone happy.
しかし、ここが肝心なところだが、彼らの企業の従業員総数は８万人から６万７０００人に減少している。米国の保守派は「金持ちを優遇すればそのおこぼれが貧困層にも回ってきて、結果として全員がハッピーになる」と主張してきた。結果はどうか。兄弟はますます金持ちになったが、彼らは雇用を増やすどころか減らしただけである。
As the next U.S. presidential election approaches, President Barack Obama has ended his conciliatory stance toward the Republican Party and has become confrontational.
オバマ大統領も大統領選が近づくに連れ、共和党への迎合をやめ、対決路線に転換した。
The liberal president has gone back to his principle of raising taxes for the rich and using increased tax revenue to finance public works projects.
「金持ち増税」で公共事業をやる。リベラル派大統領への原点回帰である。
The administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda, who is also regarded as a liberal, has adopted three basic principles of not saying anything unnecessary, not showing off and not standing out.
おなじくリベラル派のはずの野田政権は「余計なことは言わない」「派手なことをしない」「突出しない」の３原則。
Can he overcome Japan's various crises with such simple principles? No doubt, Japan is set to hollow out.
これで難局を突破できるのか。日本は間違いなく空洞化するね。（専門編集委員）
(By Michio Ushioda, Expert Senior Writer)
毎日新聞 2011年9月28日 東京朝刊
Rich Japanese should not receive tax breaks despite signs of fleeing overseas
水説：金持ちが逃げていく＝潮田道夫
＜ｓｕｉ－ｓｅｔｓｕ＞
A growing number of Japanese people are reportedly moving to Singapore where income and corporate tax rates are far lower than their home country.
日本からシンガポールに居を移す日本人が増えているそうだ。所得税にせよ法人税にせよずっと安いからだ。
A friend of mine who previously worked as a bureaucrat said celebrities were among those who have moved to Singapore.
官僚出身のさる友人が移住した有名人を教えてくれた。
I will withhold their names as it doesn't matter if they have chosen to live away from Japan.
名前は秘すが、感想を述べるならば「日本にいてくれなくてもちっとも構わない」というような人々だった。
However, the friend fears that higher tax rates will certainly prompt companies and human resources that are indispensable for Japan's growth to flee abroad sooner or later.
しかしながら、そのうち日本に必要な企業も人材も海外流出してしまうだろう、というのが友人の懸念である。
To prevent the outflow of key businesses and human resources, it is necessary to lower tax rates.
それを食い止めるには、何税であれ税率を下げるのが一番ということになる。
Corporate tax rates and the maximum rate for income taxes in Singapore and Hong Kong are less than half those in Japan, and these two territories levy no inheritance tax. In terms of tax rates, Japan cannot compete with them.
シンガポールや香港などの法人税は日本の半分以下である。所得税の最高税率もそうだ。相続税に至ってはゼロ。そこだけみれば日本は勝負にならない。
The friend warns that Japan will hollow out unless it substantially cuts taxes even though such a measure could stir criticism that Japan gives favorable treatment to businesses and wealthy people.
「企業優遇」とか「金持ち優遇」とか言っていないで減税しないと、結果的に日本は空洞化する、というわけだ。
I share the rich exodus fears of my friend, but if Japan gives excessively favorable treatment to major companies and rich people, it will have harmful effects on society.
私もそういう懸念を共有するけれど、企業優遇、金持ち優遇もやりすぎるとおかしなことになる。
An article that Warren Buffet recently contributed to The New York Times has drawn worldwide attention.
少し極端な例かもしれないが、米フォーブス誌の長者番付で今年全米２位の投資家、ウォーレン・バフェット氏のニューヨーク・タイムズへの寄稿が話題を呼んだ。
In his article Buffet said he paid 17.4 percent of his taxable income as taxes, below the 20 percent that one of his secretaries paid, because most of his income is earnings from investments.
バフェット氏の秘書は課税所得の２０％を税金として納めているが、彼はそれより低い１７・４％で済んだ。低税率の投資収入がほとんどだからである。
Buffet then called for higher tax rates for wealthy people.
バフェット氏は「大金持ちにもっと課税せよ」と主張した。余裕だねえ。
Buffet was ranked second in U.S. magazine Forbes' list of the richest people in the country, while the Koch brothers, who own a petrochemical conglomerate, were ranked fourth.
長者番付に戻れば、全米４位はコーク兄弟。
（この部分英訳抜けです＾＾ by srachai）
ふたりあわせて５００億ドル（約３兆９０００億円）もの資産だ。日本での知名度は低いが、非公開の石油化学財閥のオーナーである。
Thanks to a rise in the prices of resources, the value of the brothers' combined assets has risen from 34 billion dollars four years ago to 50 billion dollars today.
このところの資源高のおかげで、兄弟の合計資産は４年前の３４０億ドルから５００億ドルに跳ね上がった。
However, it is notable that the number of employees at the company that the brothers run decreased from 80,000 to 67,000 even though they have become wealthier -- a fact that dismisses U.S. conservatives' claims that if the rich are given preferential treatment, less wealthy people will also get a small share of their benefits, eventually making everyone happy.
しかし、ここが肝心なところだが、彼らの企業の従業員総数は８万人から６万７０００人に減少している。米国の保守派は「金持ちを優遇すればそのおこぼれが貧困層にも回ってきて、結果として全員がハッピーになる」と主張してきた。結果はどうか。兄弟はますます金持ちになったが、彼らは雇用を増やすどころか減らしただけである。
As the next U.S. presidential election approaches, President Barack Obama has ended his conciliatory stance toward the Republican Party and has become confrontational.
オバマ大統領も大統領選が近づくに連れ、共和党への迎合をやめ、対決路線に転換した。
The liberal president has gone back to his principle of raising taxes for the rich and using increased tax revenue to finance public works projects.
「金持ち増税」で公共事業をやる。リベラル派大統領への原点回帰である。
The administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda, who is also regarded as a liberal, has adopted three basic principles of not saying anything unnecessary, not showing off and not standing out.
おなじくリベラル派のはずの野田政権は「余計なことは言わない」「派手なことをしない」「突出しない」の３原則。
Can he overcome Japan's various crises with such simple principles? No doubt, Japan is set to hollow out.
これで難局を突破できるのか。日本は間違いなく空洞化するね。（専門編集委員）
(By Michio Ushioda, Expert Senior Writer)
毎日新聞 2011年9月28日 東京朝刊
2011/09/28
医療情報電子化 被災地から全国へ展開したい
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 27, 2011)
Computerizing medical records will save lives
医療情報電子化 被災地から全国へ展開したい（9月26日付・読売社説）
The March 11 disaster has thrown into sharp relief the importance of making medical information such as clinical records digitally available.
東日本大震災では、カルテなどの診療情報を電子化することの重要性も浮き彫りになった。
The lesson must be reflected in future medical reforms.
この教訓を今後の医療改革に生かすべきだ。
Medical records at many hospitals along the Tohoku coast were lost in the huge tsunami.
沿岸部で多くの病院が津波によってカルテを失った。
Even when their patients were taken in by other hospitals, it took some time for doctors to determine the most effective treatments because there was little information on hand about the patients' ailments, such as high blood pressure, and prescription drug records.
別の病院で患者を受け入れても、高血圧などの病歴や投薬歴が分からず、有効な治療ができるまで相当な時間を費やした。
Such a lack of medical information was also one of the major difficulties faced by doctors from across the country when they gathered at evacuation centers.
避難所で全国から駆けつけた医師らが苦闘したのも、そんな要因が大きかったと言える。
The lives of more disaster victims could have been saved if records of their examinations and treatments had been quickly confirmed online.
もし、被災者の健康診断データや、医療機関で受けてきた検査と治療内容を、どこでもパソコンで確認できれば、より多くの命が助かったことだろう。
In its own disaster reconstruction plan, Miyagi Prefecture put forth "a medical integration plan utilizing information and communication technology."
宮城県は、県独自の震災復興計画の中で「情報通信技術を活用した医療連携の構築」を掲げた。
The prefecture is divided into seven medical regions, each with its own core hospital, but the plan calls for making information about clinical records, prescriptions and nursing care electronically available and administering it in a streamlined fashion for all regions through a data center.
県内七つの医療圏ごとに、カルテや調剤、介護などの情報を電子化し、データセンターで一元的に管理する。
Authorized medical institutions and nursing care facilities would be able to access the information online via an Internet service.
情報を見る許可を得た医療機関や介護施設などが、インターネットを経由して閲覧できる仕組みを作る。
===
Govt support vital
The Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry is considering subsidizing the application of cloud computing to medical records.
This would be a move in the right direction, and we urge the ministry to give it sufficient support.
総務省が「医療情報のクラウド化」とも呼ばれるこの構想を、補助金などで支援することを検討しているのは妥当だ。しっかり後押ししてもらいたい。
Electronically available medical information is useful not only in times of disaster but also in ordinary times.
電子化された医療情報は、災害時だけでなく平時にも役立つ。
For example, cooperation between major hospitals and nearby clinics and between home-visit nurses and nursing care services could be made easier.
たとえば、大病院と身近な診療所、訪問看護と介護サービスなどが連携しやすくなる。
Superfluous medical examinations and inconsistent drug prescriptions could be averted.
検査や投薬の重複も防げるだろう。
Patients taken to hospitals for emergency treatment could receive the most appropriate treatment more quickly.
救急病院に担ぎ込まれたケースでも、適切に処置できる可能性が高まる。
Computerization of medical information would also be helpful in regions suffering from a shortage of doctors. 医師不足に苦しむ地域医療の現状を、改善する方向にもつながるはずだ。
More integrated record-keeping among medical institutions would make it less necessary for local governments to maintain major central hospitals, thus facilitating a more efficient dispersal of personnel.
医療機関の連携が進むことで自治体がそれぞれ大きな病院を維持する必要性は薄れ、人材を効果的に配置できる。
===
A medical reform drive
The shortage of doctors is most serious in disaster-damaged areas.
被災地は全国の中でも医師不足が深刻だ。
This is one of the reasons behind Miyagi Prefecture's call for computerization of medical treatment information in its rebuilding plan.
宮城県が復興計画に医療の電子化を掲げた理由の一つはそこにある。
Iwate and Fukushima prefectures must make similar efforts.
岩手、福島両県も同様の取り組みが必要になろう。
Computerization of medical information had been called for since before the March 11 disaster.
The government's IT Strategic Headquarters, the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry and the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry, among others, have been trying to achieve such a system.
医療情報の電子化は震災前から必要性が叫ばれ、政府のＩＴ戦略本部や総務省、厚生労働省などが実現を図ってきた。
But actual progress so far has been limited to trailblazing hospitals and local governments.
しかし、まだ先駆的な病院や自治体などで行われているに過ぎない。
Of course, sufficient measures must be taken to protect personal information.
無論、個人情報保護に十分な対策を講じなければならない。
High costs and other challenges must be overcome. But the creation of an online medical information on a prefectural basis would be a significant achievement.
システムの構築には相当な費用がかかるなど課題は多いが、医療情報の電子化が県単位で実現すれば、その意義は大きい。
We hope reforms in medical record-keeping, beginning in disaster-devastated areas, will spread throughout the country.
被災地から全国へ、医療改革の道筋をつけたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 26, 2011)
（2011年9月26日01時04分 読売新聞）
Computerizing medical records will save lives
医療情報電子化 被災地から全国へ展開したい（9月26日付・読売社説）
The March 11 disaster has thrown into sharp relief the importance of making medical information such as clinical records digitally available.
東日本大震災では、カルテなどの診療情報を電子化することの重要性も浮き彫りになった。
The lesson must be reflected in future medical reforms.
この教訓を今後の医療改革に生かすべきだ。
Medical records at many hospitals along the Tohoku coast were lost in the huge tsunami.
沿岸部で多くの病院が津波によってカルテを失った。
Even when their patients were taken in by other hospitals, it took some time for doctors to determine the most effective treatments because there was little information on hand about the patients' ailments, such as high blood pressure, and prescription drug records.
別の病院で患者を受け入れても、高血圧などの病歴や投薬歴が分からず、有効な治療ができるまで相当な時間を費やした。
Such a lack of medical information was also one of the major difficulties faced by doctors from across the country when they gathered at evacuation centers.
避難所で全国から駆けつけた医師らが苦闘したのも、そんな要因が大きかったと言える。
The lives of more disaster victims could have been saved if records of their examinations and treatments had been quickly confirmed online.
もし、被災者の健康診断データや、医療機関で受けてきた検査と治療内容を、どこでもパソコンで確認できれば、より多くの命が助かったことだろう。
In its own disaster reconstruction plan, Miyagi Prefecture put forth "a medical integration plan utilizing information and communication technology."
宮城県は、県独自の震災復興計画の中で「情報通信技術を活用した医療連携の構築」を掲げた。
The prefecture is divided into seven medical regions, each with its own core hospital, but the plan calls for making information about clinical records, prescriptions and nursing care electronically available and administering it in a streamlined fashion for all regions through a data center.
県内七つの医療圏ごとに、カルテや調剤、介護などの情報を電子化し、データセンターで一元的に管理する。
Authorized medical institutions and nursing care facilities would be able to access the information online via an Internet service.
情報を見る許可を得た医療機関や介護施設などが、インターネットを経由して閲覧できる仕組みを作る。
===
Govt support vital
The Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry is considering subsidizing the application of cloud computing to medical records.
This would be a move in the right direction, and we urge the ministry to give it sufficient support.
総務省が「医療情報のクラウド化」とも呼ばれるこの構想を、補助金などで支援することを検討しているのは妥当だ。しっかり後押ししてもらいたい。
Electronically available medical information is useful not only in times of disaster but also in ordinary times.
電子化された医療情報は、災害時だけでなく平時にも役立つ。
For example, cooperation between major hospitals and nearby clinics and between home-visit nurses and nursing care services could be made easier.
たとえば、大病院と身近な診療所、訪問看護と介護サービスなどが連携しやすくなる。
Superfluous medical examinations and inconsistent drug prescriptions could be averted.
検査や投薬の重複も防げるだろう。
Patients taken to hospitals for emergency treatment could receive the most appropriate treatment more quickly.
救急病院に担ぎ込まれたケースでも、適切に処置できる可能性が高まる。
Computerization of medical information would also be helpful in regions suffering from a shortage of doctors. 医師不足に苦しむ地域医療の現状を、改善する方向にもつながるはずだ。
More integrated record-keeping among medical institutions would make it less necessary for local governments to maintain major central hospitals, thus facilitating a more efficient dispersal of personnel.
医療機関の連携が進むことで自治体がそれぞれ大きな病院を維持する必要性は薄れ、人材を効果的に配置できる。
===
A medical reform drive
The shortage of doctors is most serious in disaster-damaged areas.
被災地は全国の中でも医師不足が深刻だ。
This is one of the reasons behind Miyagi Prefecture's call for computerization of medical treatment information in its rebuilding plan.
宮城県が復興計画に医療の電子化を掲げた理由の一つはそこにある。
Iwate and Fukushima prefectures must make similar efforts.
岩手、福島両県も同様の取り組みが必要になろう。
Computerization of medical information had been called for since before the March 11 disaster.
The government's IT Strategic Headquarters, the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry and the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry, among others, have been trying to achieve such a system.
医療情報の電子化は震災前から必要性が叫ばれ、政府のＩＴ戦略本部や総務省、厚生労働省などが実現を図ってきた。
But actual progress so far has been limited to trailblazing hospitals and local governments.
しかし、まだ先駆的な病院や自治体などで行われているに過ぎない。
Of course, sufficient measures must be taken to protect personal information.
無論、個人情報保護に十分な対策を講じなければならない。
High costs and other challenges must be overcome. But the creation of an online medical information on a prefectural basis would be a significant achievement.
システムの構築には相当な費用がかかるなど課題は多いが、医療情報の電子化が県単位で実現すれば、その意義は大きい。
We hope reforms in medical record-keeping, beginning in disaster-devastated areas, will spread throughout the country.
被災地から全国へ、医療改革の道筋をつけたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 26, 2011)
（2011年9月26日01時04分 読売新聞）
2011/09/27
パレスチナ 国家樹立と和平に近道はない
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 26, 2011)
No shortcut to statehood for Palestinians
パレスチナ 国家樹立と和平に近道はない（9月25日付・読売社説）
For Palestinians to achieve the status of a true independent state, they have no choice but to negotiate with Israel.
パレスチナが真の独立国家の地位を得るには、イスラエルとの交渉しか道はない。
They should bear in mind that quick resumption of negotiations is the key to achieving this goal.
交渉の早期再開こそが重要である。
The Palestinian Authority on Friday submitted a letter to the United Nations asking to join the international body, an attempt to shelve efforts to establish a state through negotiations and instead directly seek recognition of Palestinian statehood from U.N. members.
パレスチナ自治政府が２３日、国連に加盟申請書を提出した。交渉による国家樹立の道を棚上げし、国連加盟国に直接、国家としての承認を求めたものだ。
With this move, the Palestinians effectively thrust a letter of no confidence at the United States, which has been working as a mediator between the Palestinian Authority and Israel.
交渉の仲介役を務めてきた米国には不信任状を突きつけた形だ。
For a state to join the United Nations, the U.N. Security Council must advise the General Assembly to accept it. 国連加盟には、安全保障理事会による総会への加盟勧告が必要だ。
The council plans to meet soon to discuss how to handle the Palestinians' request.
安保理は近く、パレスチナの加盟申請の扱いを協議する。
The United States, a permanent member of the Security Council, has expressed its intention to veto any council move to recognize Palestinian statehood.
常任理事国の米国は拒否権を行使する意向を示している。
But there are concerns the situation will become even more complicated if the council actually votes on the issue.
安保理で採決する事態となれば、問題はさらにこじれる恐れがある。
If the United States uses its veto, it will inevitably heighten anti-U.S. sentiment, destabilizing the situation in the Middle East even more.
米国の拒否権行使によって反米感情が高まり、中東情勢は一層不安定化するだろう。
===
Resume talks quickly
To avoid such a development, the international community must seek ways to bring Israel and the Palestinians back to the negotiating table as soon as possible.
それを避けるためにも、イスラエル、パレスチナ双方をできるだけ早く交渉の席に着かせる道を探らなければならない。
The international powers known as the Quartet on the Middle East--the United States, Russia, the European Union and the United Nations--presented a new road map to both sides Friday, under which Israel and the Palestinians will decide on an agenda for negotiations within a month and reach an agreement by the end of next year.
米、露、欧州連合（ＥＵ）、国連の４者は双方に、１か月以内に交渉の議題を決め、来年末までに妥結させる新たな行程表を示した。
The international community, including Japan, must do its utmost to realize the road map.
その実現に、国際社会は全力を挙げる必要がある。日本も、後押しすべきだ。
The Palestinian Authority is acting hastily to obtain recognition as a state apparently because its people are increasingly disillusioned by the lack of prospects for building a Palestinian state 20 years after the start of the Middle East peace process.
自治政府が国家としての承認を焦るのは、中東和平プロセスが始まって２０年たった今も、国家樹立の展望が開けていないからだ。
The Palestinians managed to win autonomy under an agreement with Israel.
パレスチナ側は、イスラエルとの合意で自治は獲得した。
However, subsequent negotiations for a Palestinian state remain stalled.
だが、その後、国家樹立をめぐる交渉は頓挫したままだ。
In the meantime, Israel has built one settlement after another in occupied land Palestinians consider part of their territory for a future state, effectively turning it into Israeli territory.
この間、パレスチナ側が将来の国家領土と考える土地では、ユダヤ人入植地が次々に建設され、イスラエル領化が進んでいる。
===
U.N. application a last resort
The Palestinian Authority apparently filed its statehood application with the United Nations as a last resort to escape a dead end.
自治政府はその袋小路を脱する最後の手段として、加盟申請に踏み切ったのだろう。
However, as U.S. President Barack Obama said in his address to the U.N. General Assembly on Wednesday, it will be impossible to establish a Palestinian state or achieve the peaceful coexistence of two states without an agreement between Israel and the Palestinians.
しかし、オバマ米大統領が２１日の国連演説で語ったように、イスラエルと自治政府の合意がなければ、パレスチナ国家の樹立も２国家の平和共存も達成できない。
There are no shortcuts to that goal.
そこに至る近道はない。
The Palestinian Authority has a problem that needs to be resolved: Hamas, an Islamic fundamentalist group that does not recognize the existence of Israel, rules the Gaza Strip.
自治政府側には、イスラエルの存在を認めようとしないイスラム原理主義組織ハマスが自治区の一部を支配しているという問題がある。
As an initial step, the Palestinians need to settle their internal divisions.
自治政府はまず、この足元の分裂を正すことが重要だ。
In the increasingly volatile Middle East, Israel is about to lose its stable relationships with Turkey and Egypt, which have served as cornerstones for its security in the region.
イスラエルは、中東における自国の安全保障の要だったトルコ、エジプトとの安定的な関係を失いつつある。
To prevent itself from being further isolated, Israel must freeze its settlements in the occupied land, as requested by the Palestinian side, and resume negotiations for peace.
これ以上の孤立化を避けるためにも、パレスチナ側が求める「入植凍結」に踏みきり、交渉を再開すべきである。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 25, 2011)
（2011年9月25日01時09分 読売新聞）
No shortcut to statehood for Palestinians
パレスチナ 国家樹立と和平に近道はない（9月25日付・読売社説）
For Palestinians to achieve the status of a true independent state, they have no choice but to negotiate with Israel.
パレスチナが真の独立国家の地位を得るには、イスラエルとの交渉しか道はない。
They should bear in mind that quick resumption of negotiations is the key to achieving this goal.
交渉の早期再開こそが重要である。
The Palestinian Authority on Friday submitted a letter to the United Nations asking to join the international body, an attempt to shelve efforts to establish a state through negotiations and instead directly seek recognition of Palestinian statehood from U.N. members.
パレスチナ自治政府が２３日、国連に加盟申請書を提出した。交渉による国家樹立の道を棚上げし、国連加盟国に直接、国家としての承認を求めたものだ。
With this move, the Palestinians effectively thrust a letter of no confidence at the United States, which has been working as a mediator between the Palestinian Authority and Israel.
交渉の仲介役を務めてきた米国には不信任状を突きつけた形だ。
For a state to join the United Nations, the U.N. Security Council must advise the General Assembly to accept it. 国連加盟には、安全保障理事会による総会への加盟勧告が必要だ。
The council plans to meet soon to discuss how to handle the Palestinians' request.
安保理は近く、パレスチナの加盟申請の扱いを協議する。
The United States, a permanent member of the Security Council, has expressed its intention to veto any council move to recognize Palestinian statehood.
常任理事国の米国は拒否権を行使する意向を示している。
But there are concerns the situation will become even more complicated if the council actually votes on the issue.
安保理で採決する事態となれば、問題はさらにこじれる恐れがある。
If the United States uses its veto, it will inevitably heighten anti-U.S. sentiment, destabilizing the situation in the Middle East even more.
米国の拒否権行使によって反米感情が高まり、中東情勢は一層不安定化するだろう。
===
Resume talks quickly
To avoid such a development, the international community must seek ways to bring Israel and the Palestinians back to the negotiating table as soon as possible.
それを避けるためにも、イスラエル、パレスチナ双方をできるだけ早く交渉の席に着かせる道を探らなければならない。
The international powers known as the Quartet on the Middle East--the United States, Russia, the European Union and the United Nations--presented a new road map to both sides Friday, under which Israel and the Palestinians will decide on an agenda for negotiations within a month and reach an agreement by the end of next year.
米、露、欧州連合（ＥＵ）、国連の４者は双方に、１か月以内に交渉の議題を決め、来年末までに妥結させる新たな行程表を示した。
The international community, including Japan, must do its utmost to realize the road map.
その実現に、国際社会は全力を挙げる必要がある。日本も、後押しすべきだ。
The Palestinian Authority is acting hastily to obtain recognition as a state apparently because its people are increasingly disillusioned by the lack of prospects for building a Palestinian state 20 years after the start of the Middle East peace process.
自治政府が国家としての承認を焦るのは、中東和平プロセスが始まって２０年たった今も、国家樹立の展望が開けていないからだ。
The Palestinians managed to win autonomy under an agreement with Israel.
パレスチナ側は、イスラエルとの合意で自治は獲得した。
However, subsequent negotiations for a Palestinian state remain stalled.
だが、その後、国家樹立をめぐる交渉は頓挫したままだ。
In the meantime, Israel has built one settlement after another in occupied land Palestinians consider part of their territory for a future state, effectively turning it into Israeli territory.
この間、パレスチナ側が将来の国家領土と考える土地では、ユダヤ人入植地が次々に建設され、イスラエル領化が進んでいる。
===
U.N. application a last resort
The Palestinian Authority apparently filed its statehood application with the United Nations as a last resort to escape a dead end.
自治政府はその袋小路を脱する最後の手段として、加盟申請に踏み切ったのだろう。
However, as U.S. President Barack Obama said in his address to the U.N. General Assembly on Wednesday, it will be impossible to establish a Palestinian state or achieve the peaceful coexistence of two states without an agreement between Israel and the Palestinians.
しかし、オバマ米大統領が２１日の国連演説で語ったように、イスラエルと自治政府の合意がなければ、パレスチナ国家の樹立も２国家の平和共存も達成できない。
There are no shortcuts to that goal.
そこに至る近道はない。
The Palestinian Authority has a problem that needs to be resolved: Hamas, an Islamic fundamentalist group that does not recognize the existence of Israel, rules the Gaza Strip.
自治政府側には、イスラエルの存在を認めようとしないイスラム原理主義組織ハマスが自治区の一部を支配しているという問題がある。
As an initial step, the Palestinians need to settle their internal divisions.
自治政府はまず、この足元の分裂を正すことが重要だ。
In the increasingly volatile Middle East, Israel is about to lose its stable relationships with Turkey and Egypt, which have served as cornerstones for its security in the region.
イスラエルは、中東における自国の安全保障の要だったトルコ、エジプトとの安定的な関係を失いつつある。
To prevent itself from being further isolated, Israel must freeze its settlements in the occupied land, as requested by the Palestinian side, and resume negotiations for peace.
これ以上の孤立化を避けるためにも、パレスチナ側が求める「入植凍結」に踏みきり、交渉を再開すべきである。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 25, 2011)
（2011年9月25日01時09分 読売新聞）
2011/09/26
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：甘い言葉にご用心 ／東京
(Mainichi Japan) September 25, 2011
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: Don't be fooled by spiritual fraudsters
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：甘い言葉にご用心 ／東京
Recently, the head of a religious group called "Shinsekai" (World of God) was arrested for tricking customers into paying for expensive "prayers" and "spiritual items." The transactions didn't happen at a cult hall somewhere, but at around 200 "healing salons" around the country. It's said that over the course of seven years, the salons received almost 18 billion yen from their customers.
霊感商法事件で逮捕された「神世界」のトップ。「教主」と呼ばれていたが、詐欺まがいの高額な祈祷（きとう）や霊感グッズ販売が行われていたのは、カルト教団の道場ではなく全国で２００カ所も開設されていたヒーリングサロンだった。７年間の売り上げは、１８０億円近くにもなっていたという。
I once saw on television an interview with a woman who went to a similar salon and paid over one million yen after the staff there tricked her with words like, "A prayer is necessary to improve your fortune." The woman was living in Tokyo alone and trying to make a career for herself, but she started to feel discouraged, that her efforts were not being rewarded. That was when the salon's advertisement of a "detox of mind and body" drew her in. The salon had seemed nice to the woman and had given her hope that she could maybe change her life for the better.
以前、サロンに出かけて「運勢を変えるには祈祷が必要です」などと言われ、１００万以上のお金を支払ったという女性のインタビューをテレビで見たことがある。キャリアウーマンを目指して都会でひとり暮らしをしていた女性は、なかなか努力が報われない。そんな中、「ココロとカラダのデトックス」というキャッチフレーズにひかれて訪れたサロンはとても感じがよく、「自分を変えられるかも！」と期待を抱かせてくれた……。
The kinds of people who fall victim to this kind of fraud are generally hard working, sincere types who are troubled by work, health, or love. They wonder why, even though they have worked so hard, they are not better rewarded. Before they know it, they are pulled in by fraudsters' claims that "the key to solving your problems is here." and they put themselves under the control of fraudsters.
こういった詐欺や悪徳商法の被害にあうのは、たいていまじめな人たちだ。そして、仕事、健康、恋愛など何らかの悩みを抱えている。「ここまでがんばってきたのに、どうして？」という疑問や将来への不安から、つい「すべての鍵はここにあります」といったふれ込みに心を奪われ、すがってしまうことになるのだ。
Of course, the people most at blame here are the fraudsters, who try to make profit off of other people's problems.
もちろん、いちばん悪いのは、悩める人たちの心につけ込んでお金儲（もう）けをしよう、とする人たちだ。
Still, we who can become their victims need to keep something in mind: be careful of help or goodwill that comes with strings attached.
ただ、私たちもふだんからちょっと心がけておくべきことがある。それは、「条件つきの救済、善意には注意したほうがいい」ということだ。
We have a tendency to think we mustn't depend on others and therefore push ourselves too hard. I think that it would be OK for us to show more weakness to others and let them know when we need help.
私たちは日ごろ、「人に頼ってはいけない」と無理をしすぎる傾向がある。だからもう少し、他人に弱みを見せたり「助けてよ」とＳＯＳを発信したりしてもいいと思う。
However, when we ask for help and those who approach ask for large sums of money or conversion to a religion, we should be on guard.
しかし、そういうときに「助けてあげるから百万出して」「この宗教に入信さえすれば救われますよ」などと条件をちらつかせながら近づいてくる人たちには、警戒すべきなのではないだろうか。
There is a saying in Japanese that "a drowning person will clutch at even a straw," and I can understand such feelings well. However, these days there is help on offer besides fraudsters and religious cults. There are NPOs and government-run counseling services for a variety of problems that trouble us. Though it may take some work to discover the one we need, it is a much better option than being drawn into a spiritual healing salon that promises on its signboard to solve all of our problems.
「つらいときにはわらにもすがりたい」というのは、よくわかる。ただ、今はカルトや悪徳商法ではなくても、いろいろな悩みにこたえてくれるＮＰＯや行政の相談窓口が用意されているはず。それらを探し当てるまでがひと苦労だが、「すべての問題をスッキリ解決」といった看板にひかれてフラフラと怪しげなサロンへ、というのは、ぐっと踏みとどまってほしいと思う。
Almost all the things that bother us can be solved. However, it takes a little time and effort. Please be wary of tempting claims that a single prayer or a single item can instantly solve your problems.
ほとんどの悩みは、必ず解決する。でも、それには少々の時間と手間がかかる。「一回の祈祷、一個のグッズですぐ解決」といった甘い言葉には、くれぐれもご用心を。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2011年9月20日 地方版
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: Don't be fooled by spiritual fraudsters
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：甘い言葉にご用心 ／東京
Recently, the head of a religious group called "Shinsekai" (World of God) was arrested for tricking customers into paying for expensive "prayers" and "spiritual items." The transactions didn't happen at a cult hall somewhere, but at around 200 "healing salons" around the country. It's said that over the course of seven years, the salons received almost 18 billion yen from their customers.
霊感商法事件で逮捕された「神世界」のトップ。「教主」と呼ばれていたが、詐欺まがいの高額な祈祷（きとう）や霊感グッズ販売が行われていたのは、カルト教団の道場ではなく全国で２００カ所も開設されていたヒーリングサロンだった。７年間の売り上げは、１８０億円近くにもなっていたという。
I once saw on television an interview with a woman who went to a similar salon and paid over one million yen after the staff there tricked her with words like, "A prayer is necessary to improve your fortune." The woman was living in Tokyo alone and trying to make a career for herself, but she started to feel discouraged, that her efforts were not being rewarded. That was when the salon's advertisement of a "detox of mind and body" drew her in. The salon had seemed nice to the woman and had given her hope that she could maybe change her life for the better.
以前、サロンに出かけて「運勢を変えるには祈祷が必要です」などと言われ、１００万以上のお金を支払ったという女性のインタビューをテレビで見たことがある。キャリアウーマンを目指して都会でひとり暮らしをしていた女性は、なかなか努力が報われない。そんな中、「ココロとカラダのデトックス」というキャッチフレーズにひかれて訪れたサロンはとても感じがよく、「自分を変えられるかも！」と期待を抱かせてくれた……。
The kinds of people who fall victim to this kind of fraud are generally hard working, sincere types who are troubled by work, health, or love. They wonder why, even though they have worked so hard, they are not better rewarded. Before they know it, they are pulled in by fraudsters' claims that "the key to solving your problems is here." and they put themselves under the control of fraudsters.
こういった詐欺や悪徳商法の被害にあうのは、たいていまじめな人たちだ。そして、仕事、健康、恋愛など何らかの悩みを抱えている。「ここまでがんばってきたのに、どうして？」という疑問や将来への不安から、つい「すべての鍵はここにあります」といったふれ込みに心を奪われ、すがってしまうことになるのだ。
Of course, the people most at blame here are the fraudsters, who try to make profit off of other people's problems.
もちろん、いちばん悪いのは、悩める人たちの心につけ込んでお金儲（もう）けをしよう、とする人たちだ。
Still, we who can become their victims need to keep something in mind: be careful of help or goodwill that comes with strings attached.
ただ、私たちもふだんからちょっと心がけておくべきことがある。それは、「条件つきの救済、善意には注意したほうがいい」ということだ。
We have a tendency to think we mustn't depend on others and therefore push ourselves too hard. I think that it would be OK for us to show more weakness to others and let them know when we need help.
私たちは日ごろ、「人に頼ってはいけない」と無理をしすぎる傾向がある。だからもう少し、他人に弱みを見せたり「助けてよ」とＳＯＳを発信したりしてもいいと思う。
However, when we ask for help and those who approach ask for large sums of money or conversion to a religion, we should be on guard.
しかし、そういうときに「助けてあげるから百万出して」「この宗教に入信さえすれば救われますよ」などと条件をちらつかせながら近づいてくる人たちには、警戒すべきなのではないだろうか。
There is a saying in Japanese that "a drowning person will clutch at even a straw," and I can understand such feelings well. However, these days there is help on offer besides fraudsters and religious cults. There are NPOs and government-run counseling services for a variety of problems that trouble us. Though it may take some work to discover the one we need, it is a much better option than being drawn into a spiritual healing salon that promises on its signboard to solve all of our problems.
「つらいときにはわらにもすがりたい」というのは、よくわかる。ただ、今はカルトや悪徳商法ではなくても、いろいろな悩みにこたえてくれるＮＰＯや行政の相談窓口が用意されているはず。それらを探し当てるまでがひと苦労だが、「すべての問題をスッキリ解決」といった看板にひかれてフラフラと怪しげなサロンへ、というのは、ぐっと踏みとどまってほしいと思う。
Almost all the things that bother us can be solved. However, it takes a little time and effort. Please be wary of tempting claims that a single prayer or a single item can instantly solve your problems.
ほとんどの悩みは、必ず解決する。でも、それには少々の時間と手間がかかる。「一回の祈祷、一個のグッズですぐ解決」といった甘い言葉には、くれぐれもご用心を。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2011年9月20日 地方版
2011/09/25
日米首脳会談―外交立て直しの起点に
2011/09/24
--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 23
EDITORIAL: Summit a starting point for rebuilding Japan-U.S. ties
日米首脳会談―外交立て直しの起点に
Japan's diplomacy is back at the starting line -- again.
外交もまた出直しである。
During his visit to New York to address the U.N. General Assembly, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda met with U.S. President Barack Obama.
野田首相が国連総会出席のため、ニューヨークを訪れ、まずオバマ米大統領と会談した。
They agreed to strengthen the Japan-U.S. alliance.
両首脳は日米同盟の深化で一致した。
Noda said proudly after the summit, "I got off to a good start in forging a personal relationship of trust (with him)."
首相は会談後、「個人的な信頼関係を築くいいスタートが切れた」と自賛した。
Good. Obama has been in office for less than three years, but he already has met four Japanese prime ministers--Taro Aso, Yukio Hatoyama, Naoto Kan and now Noda.
それにしてもである。
就任から３年に満たないオバマ大統領が会う日本の首相は、麻生、鳩山、菅各氏に続いて、野田氏で実に４人目である。
In this age when summits figure prominently in world affairs, such frequent changes of leadership cannot be conducive to the development of strategic diplomacy.
首脳外交の時代に、これだけトップがころころと交代していては、戦略的な外交の展開など望むべくもない。
Nor could any true relationship of trust be forged between leaders in just one brief meeting.
首脳間の本当の信頼関係は、たった１度の短い会談でできるはずもない。
Building mutual trust requires giving due consideration to each other's brief agenda while keeping one's word, and working together to meet various challenges.
相手の国内的な立場にも配慮しつつ、約束を誠実に履行する。
Steady collaboration, backed by constant effort, is the key.
そして、手を取り合って課題に立ち向かう。
こうした地道な連携を重ねて初めて実現する。
Noda has only just got to the starting line.
その努力は、すべてこれからだ。
The biggest obstacle in Japan-U.S. relations is the relocation issue concerning the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma in Okinawa Prefecture.
いまの日米関係に突き刺さった最大のトゲは、沖縄県の米軍普天間飛行場の移設問題だ。
Even though Obama was meeting with Noda for the first time, he made no bones about wanting tangible results. 大統領は初顔合わせにもかかわらず、具体的な結果を明確に求めてきた。
Noda responded that he would "do his utmost to win the understanding of the people of Okinawa" to act on the current Japan-U.S. agreement.
首相も日米合意の実現に「沖縄の理解を得るよう全力を尽くす」と応じた。
Washington's irritation with the absence of progress on the Japanese side is quite understandable.
現行計画が一向に進まず、米国側がいらだつ事情はわかる。
But it is now obvious to anyone that "winning the understanding of the people of Okinawa," as Noda put it, is a pipe dream.
しかし、首相のいう「沖縄の理解」がもはや得られそうにないことは、誰の目にも明らかだ。
Okinawa Governor Hirokazu Nakaima recently spoke in the United States and demanded in no unclear terms that the Futenma airfield be relocated to outside his prefecture.
つい最近も、沖縄県の仲井真弘多知事が米国で講演し、きっぱりと県外移設を求めた。
Should Tokyo and Washington forcibly implement their agreement, Nakaima warned, "There will be a vehement anti-base movement throughout the prefecture, and this could negatively impact the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty."
日米合意が強行されれば「全県的な激しい基地反対運動につながり、日米安保体制に悪影響を及ぼしかねない」と警告もした。
Nakaima's message, conveyed directly to people in the United States, carries tremendous weight.
知事が米国社会に向けて直接発したメッセージは重い。
If the security treaty is to be maintained in a stable fashion, Tokyo and Washington have no choice but to explore workable plans.
日米安保体制の安定的な維持のため、両国政府はともに打開策を探るしかあるまい。
The practicability and resilience of the alliance are being tested.
同盟の知恵としなやかさが試される。
In his foreign policy debut, Noda confirmed the Japan-U.S. alliance as the basis of Japanese diplomacy.
野田外交は、基軸である日米同盟の確認からスタートした。
Noda is now required to confirm Japan's position in the multipolar world of international politics and pursue sincere but tough diplomacy.
そこから、多極化する国際政治での日本の立ち位置を確認しつつ、誠実かつしたたかに展開をしていくことが求められる。
For that, he must help create a stable order in East Asia and the Asia-Pacific region based on a strong Japan-U.S. relationship.
そのためには、強固な日米関係を土台に、東アジア、さらにはアジア太平洋地域の安定的な秩序をつくることだ。
In particular, he must attempt to mend relations with China, which derailed after a row over the disputed Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea last year.
とりわけ、昨年の尖閣事件で一時、冷え込んだ中国との関係を本格的に改善する必要がある。
Noda is scheduled to visit China in October, and then he will participate in multilateral diplomacy through the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in the United States and the East Asia Summit in Indonesia, both in November.
１０月に首相の訪中が予定され、１１月にはアジア太平洋経済協力会議や東アジアサミットといった多国間外交の舞台が控える。
We hope he will use these occasions to produce a rounded picture of Japanese diplomacy.
首相には、そうした一連の機会を通して、日本外交の全体像を紡ぎ出していってほしい。
--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 23
EDITORIAL: Summit a starting point for rebuilding Japan-U.S. ties
日米首脳会談―外交立て直しの起点に
Japan's diplomacy is back at the starting line -- again.
外交もまた出直しである。
During his visit to New York to address the U.N. General Assembly, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda met with U.S. President Barack Obama.
野田首相が国連総会出席のため、ニューヨークを訪れ、まずオバマ米大統領と会談した。
They agreed to strengthen the Japan-U.S. alliance.
両首脳は日米同盟の深化で一致した。
Noda said proudly after the summit, "I got off to a good start in forging a personal relationship of trust (with him)."
首相は会談後、「個人的な信頼関係を築くいいスタートが切れた」と自賛した。
Good. Obama has been in office for less than three years, but he already has met four Japanese prime ministers--Taro Aso, Yukio Hatoyama, Naoto Kan and now Noda.
それにしてもである。
就任から３年に満たないオバマ大統領が会う日本の首相は、麻生、鳩山、菅各氏に続いて、野田氏で実に４人目である。
In this age when summits figure prominently in world affairs, such frequent changes of leadership cannot be conducive to the development of strategic diplomacy.
首脳外交の時代に、これだけトップがころころと交代していては、戦略的な外交の展開など望むべくもない。
Nor could any true relationship of trust be forged between leaders in just one brief meeting.
首脳間の本当の信頼関係は、たった１度の短い会談でできるはずもない。
Building mutual trust requires giving due consideration to each other's brief agenda while keeping one's word, and working together to meet various challenges.
相手の国内的な立場にも配慮しつつ、約束を誠実に履行する。
Steady collaboration, backed by constant effort, is the key.
そして、手を取り合って課題に立ち向かう。
こうした地道な連携を重ねて初めて実現する。
Noda has only just got to the starting line.
その努力は、すべてこれからだ。
The biggest obstacle in Japan-U.S. relations is the relocation issue concerning the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma in Okinawa Prefecture.
いまの日米関係に突き刺さった最大のトゲは、沖縄県の米軍普天間飛行場の移設問題だ。
Even though Obama was meeting with Noda for the first time, he made no bones about wanting tangible results. 大統領は初顔合わせにもかかわらず、具体的な結果を明確に求めてきた。
Noda responded that he would "do his utmost to win the understanding of the people of Okinawa" to act on the current Japan-U.S. agreement.
首相も日米合意の実現に「沖縄の理解を得るよう全力を尽くす」と応じた。
Washington's irritation with the absence of progress on the Japanese side is quite understandable.
現行計画が一向に進まず、米国側がいらだつ事情はわかる。
But it is now obvious to anyone that "winning the understanding of the people of Okinawa," as Noda put it, is a pipe dream.
しかし、首相のいう「沖縄の理解」がもはや得られそうにないことは、誰の目にも明らかだ。
Okinawa Governor Hirokazu Nakaima recently spoke in the United States and demanded in no unclear terms that the Futenma airfield be relocated to outside his prefecture.
つい最近も、沖縄県の仲井真弘多知事が米国で講演し、きっぱりと県外移設を求めた。
Should Tokyo and Washington forcibly implement their agreement, Nakaima warned, "There will be a vehement anti-base movement throughout the prefecture, and this could negatively impact the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty."
日米合意が強行されれば「全県的な激しい基地反対運動につながり、日米安保体制に悪影響を及ぼしかねない」と警告もした。
Nakaima's message, conveyed directly to people in the United States, carries tremendous weight.
知事が米国社会に向けて直接発したメッセージは重い。
If the security treaty is to be maintained in a stable fashion, Tokyo and Washington have no choice but to explore workable plans.
日米安保体制の安定的な維持のため、両国政府はともに打開策を探るしかあるまい。
The practicability and resilience of the alliance are being tested.
同盟の知恵としなやかさが試される。
In his foreign policy debut, Noda confirmed the Japan-U.S. alliance as the basis of Japanese diplomacy.
野田外交は、基軸である日米同盟の確認からスタートした。
Noda is now required to confirm Japan's position in the multipolar world of international politics and pursue sincere but tough diplomacy.
そこから、多極化する国際政治での日本の立ち位置を確認しつつ、誠実かつしたたかに展開をしていくことが求められる。
For that, he must help create a stable order in East Asia and the Asia-Pacific region based on a strong Japan-U.S. relationship.
そのためには、強固な日米関係を土台に、東アジア、さらにはアジア太平洋地域の安定的な秩序をつくることだ。
In particular, he must attempt to mend relations with China, which derailed after a row over the disputed Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea last year.
とりわけ、昨年の尖閣事件で一時、冷え込んだ中国との関係を本格的に改善する必要がある。
Noda is scheduled to visit China in October, and then he will participate in multilateral diplomacy through the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in the United States and the East Asia Summit in Indonesia, both in November.
１０月に首相の訪中が予定され、１１月にはアジア太平洋経済協力会議や東アジアサミットといった多国間外交の舞台が控える。
We hope he will use these occasions to produce a rounded picture of Japanese diplomacy.
首相には、そうした一連の機会を通して、日本外交の全体像を紡ぎ出していってほしい。
2011/09/24
政策決定過程 機能するシステムを構築せよ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 23, 2011)
Establish policy-making system that gets job done
政策決定過程 機能するシステムを構築せよ（9月22日付・読売社説）
The government and the Democratic Party of Japan are broadly rethinking their policy-making process.
政府・民主党が政策決定過程の大幅な見直しを進めている。
The administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda and his ruling party should establish a policy-making framework that can function effectively, drawing on the bitter lesson learned from the turmoil experienced under the governments of his predecessors, Yukio Hatoyama and Naoto Kan.
鳩山、菅両政権での混乱を教訓に、機能性の高いシステムを構築すべきだ。
The Noda administration has created a council of representatives from the government and the ruling parties in preparation for the compilation of the next fiscal budget.
The council comprises the prime minister, relevant Cabinet members, and chief policymakers and other senior officials from the DPJ and its junior coalition partner, the People's New Party.
野田政権は、来年度予算の編成に向けて、首相、関係閣僚と民主、国民新両党の政調会長らで構成する「予算編成に関する政府・与党会議」を新設した。
The move is intended to clearly show the government and the ruling parties are ready and willing to act as one in putting together the new budget.
政府・与党一体となって取り組む姿勢を明確にするのが狙いである。
Noda has already said government policies will be finalized only after obtaining consent from the chairman of the DPJ Policy Research Committee.
野田首相は既に、民主党の政策調査会長の了承を政策決定の前提とする方針を示している。
He has also reinstated the DPJ Tax Research Commission, which the party scrapped when it came into power two years ago.
廃止した党税制調査会も復活させた。
In addition, the prime minister has established a six-member council that will grant final approval for major government policies.
The new organ includes the prime minister, the DPJ secretary general and other representatives from the party's top three organs.
政策の最終決定機関として、首相、幹事長ら６人による「政府・民主三役会議」も設けた。
===
Party more prominent
Taken as a whole, the ruling parties are more strongly represented in the new policy-making framework than in the past.
総じて党の力が強まった。
This shows the DPJ has, in effect, retracted its pledge to ensure the government assumes the sole responsibility for policy-making--a promise that was trumpeted in the party's manifesto for the 2009 general election--instead of sharing that task with the ruling party.
民主党が政権公約（マニフェスト）で掲げた「政策決定の政府への一元化」を事実上転換したものだ。
The DPJ Policy Research Committee was scrapped by Hatoyama's administration, but this hampered efforts to smoothly coordinate policy, leaving many DPJ members strongly dissatisfied with their lack of involvement in the process.
鳩山政権は、党政策調査会を廃止したが、政策調整は円滑に進まず、党側に強い不満も生じた。
Kan's government reinstated the DPJ's policy research panel, but only as an organ tasked with advancing policy proposals. Ultimately, the committee was merely used as a tool for party members to vent their frustration.
菅政権は、党政調会に提言機能を持たせたものの、実際は「ガス抜き」の場にとどまった。
It is safe to say the attempts by the Hatoyama and Kan governments to better promote policy coordination ended up as idealistic but unrealistic slogans, due to the lack of experience and ability displayed in that undertaking by senior officials of the government and the ruling coalition.
両政権の試みは、政府・与党幹部の力量不足により、理念倒れに終わったと言えよう。
We find it reasonable for Noda to reconsider relations between the government and the DPJ, apparently hoping to avoid going the same way as Hatoyama and Kan.
野田首相が、その二の舞いを避けようと、政府と民主党の関係を見直すのは理解できる。
The current divided Diet--the opposition-controlled House of Councillors and the ruling coalition-dominated House of Representatives--can pose a dilemma for the government. In many instances, it will be impossible to translate government policies into action unless a consensus is formed between the ruling and opposition camps through negotiations.
衆参ねじれ国会の場合、与野党協議を経ないと政策を実現できないケースが多い。
Given this, greater policy-making power vested in the DPJ-PNP ruling coalition would benefit the parties when it comes to policy negotiations with the opposition camp.
与党の権限を強化することは、野党との協議にプラスに働くだろう。
===
Doubts remain
However, we have some misgivings about the new policy-making structure.
しかし、懸念もある。
The ruling parties could come to hold more power than the government, leaving important government policies at the mercy of the ruling coalition.
政府を上回る権限を与党が持つ「党高政低」になり、党側の意向に重要政策が左右されかねないことだ。
The fortunes of the Noda administration depend on whether it will be able to properly deal with immediate tasks, including plans to temporarily increase taxes for post-quake reconstruction and raise the consumption tax rate to help rework the social security system.
Key issues also include whether the nation will join negotiations over the Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade pact.
復興財源の臨時増税や社会保障制度改革のための消費税率引き上げ、環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）参加など、当面の課題の成否に政権の浮沈がかかっている。
Efforts by Noda to tackle these challenges at his initiative should not be frustrated as a result of resistance from DPJ officials and members.
野田首相が主導するこれらの政策が、党側の抵抗で頓挫するような事態は避けるべきだ。
The DPJ's top cadre, including party Secretary General Azuma Koshiishi and Policy Research Committee Chairman Seiji Maehara, should work together in harmony with the Cabinet to exercise sufficient leadership over their party.
輿石幹事長、前原政調会長ら党執行部は内閣と呼吸を合わせて党側を統率する必要がある。
The top echelon will be tested over whether it can make the DPJ shed its existing image as "a ruling party that cannot make decisions."
「物事を決められない政権党」から脱皮するための指導力が問われる。
The Noda administration is also considering a plan to create an organ tentatively called the "national policy council" that will lead economic and fiscal management.
野田政権には、経済財政運営の司令塔となる「国家戦略会議」の構想もある。
We hope the government will make clear-cut decisions about what kind of role will be played by which government organ.
何をどこで決めるか、役割分担を明確にしてほしい。
If the policy-making system used by the government and the ruling coalition is vested with greater transparency and functions properly, we believe the opposition parties will find it easier to join negotiations with the ruling camp.
政府・与党の政策決定システムが透明性を高め、機能すれば、野党側も与党との協議に乗りやすくなるだろう。
The prime minister must strive to set up a framework that would facilitate consensus between the ruling and opposition camps over policy issues.
首相は、合意形成に向けた、与野党の枠組み作りにも努力しなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 22, 2011)
（2011年9月22日01時55分 読売新聞）
Establish policy-making system that gets job done
政策決定過程 機能するシステムを構築せよ（9月22日付・読売社説）
The government and the Democratic Party of Japan are broadly rethinking their policy-making process.
政府・民主党が政策決定過程の大幅な見直しを進めている。
The administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda and his ruling party should establish a policy-making framework that can function effectively, drawing on the bitter lesson learned from the turmoil experienced under the governments of his predecessors, Yukio Hatoyama and Naoto Kan.
鳩山、菅両政権での混乱を教訓に、機能性の高いシステムを構築すべきだ。
The Noda administration has created a council of representatives from the government and the ruling parties in preparation for the compilation of the next fiscal budget.
The council comprises the prime minister, relevant Cabinet members, and chief policymakers and other senior officials from the DPJ and its junior coalition partner, the People's New Party.
野田政権は、来年度予算の編成に向けて、首相、関係閣僚と民主、国民新両党の政調会長らで構成する「予算編成に関する政府・与党会議」を新設した。
The move is intended to clearly show the government and the ruling parties are ready and willing to act as one in putting together the new budget.
政府・与党一体となって取り組む姿勢を明確にするのが狙いである。
Noda has already said government policies will be finalized only after obtaining consent from the chairman of the DPJ Policy Research Committee.
野田首相は既に、民主党の政策調査会長の了承を政策決定の前提とする方針を示している。
He has also reinstated the DPJ Tax Research Commission, which the party scrapped when it came into power two years ago.
廃止した党税制調査会も復活させた。
In addition, the prime minister has established a six-member council that will grant final approval for major government policies.
The new organ includes the prime minister, the DPJ secretary general and other representatives from the party's top three organs.
政策の最終決定機関として、首相、幹事長ら６人による「政府・民主三役会議」も設けた。
===
Party more prominent
Taken as a whole, the ruling parties are more strongly represented in the new policy-making framework than in the past.
総じて党の力が強まった。
This shows the DPJ has, in effect, retracted its pledge to ensure the government assumes the sole responsibility for policy-making--a promise that was trumpeted in the party's manifesto for the 2009 general election--instead of sharing that task with the ruling party.
民主党が政権公約（マニフェスト）で掲げた「政策決定の政府への一元化」を事実上転換したものだ。
The DPJ Policy Research Committee was scrapped by Hatoyama's administration, but this hampered efforts to smoothly coordinate policy, leaving many DPJ members strongly dissatisfied with their lack of involvement in the process.
鳩山政権は、党政策調査会を廃止したが、政策調整は円滑に進まず、党側に強い不満も生じた。
Kan's government reinstated the DPJ's policy research panel, but only as an organ tasked with advancing policy proposals. Ultimately, the committee was merely used as a tool for party members to vent their frustration.
菅政権は、党政調会に提言機能を持たせたものの、実際は「ガス抜き」の場にとどまった。
It is safe to say the attempts by the Hatoyama and Kan governments to better promote policy coordination ended up as idealistic but unrealistic slogans, due to the lack of experience and ability displayed in that undertaking by senior officials of the government and the ruling coalition.
両政権の試みは、政府・与党幹部の力量不足により、理念倒れに終わったと言えよう。
We find it reasonable for Noda to reconsider relations between the government and the DPJ, apparently hoping to avoid going the same way as Hatoyama and Kan.
野田首相が、その二の舞いを避けようと、政府と民主党の関係を見直すのは理解できる。
The current divided Diet--the opposition-controlled House of Councillors and the ruling coalition-dominated House of Representatives--can pose a dilemma for the government. In many instances, it will be impossible to translate government policies into action unless a consensus is formed between the ruling and opposition camps through negotiations.
衆参ねじれ国会の場合、与野党協議を経ないと政策を実現できないケースが多い。
Given this, greater policy-making power vested in the DPJ-PNP ruling coalition would benefit the parties when it comes to policy negotiations with the opposition camp.
与党の権限を強化することは、野党との協議にプラスに働くだろう。
===
Doubts remain
However, we have some misgivings about the new policy-making structure.
しかし、懸念もある。
The ruling parties could come to hold more power than the government, leaving important government policies at the mercy of the ruling coalition.
政府を上回る権限を与党が持つ「党高政低」になり、党側の意向に重要政策が左右されかねないことだ。
The fortunes of the Noda administration depend on whether it will be able to properly deal with immediate tasks, including plans to temporarily increase taxes for post-quake reconstruction and raise the consumption tax rate to help rework the social security system.
Key issues also include whether the nation will join negotiations over the Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade pact.
復興財源の臨時増税や社会保障制度改革のための消費税率引き上げ、環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）参加など、当面の課題の成否に政権の浮沈がかかっている。
Efforts by Noda to tackle these challenges at his initiative should not be frustrated as a result of resistance from DPJ officials and members.
野田首相が主導するこれらの政策が、党側の抵抗で頓挫するような事態は避けるべきだ。
The DPJ's top cadre, including party Secretary General Azuma Koshiishi and Policy Research Committee Chairman Seiji Maehara, should work together in harmony with the Cabinet to exercise sufficient leadership over their party.
輿石幹事長、前原政調会長ら党執行部は内閣と呼吸を合わせて党側を統率する必要がある。
The top echelon will be tested over whether it can make the DPJ shed its existing image as "a ruling party that cannot make decisions."
「物事を決められない政権党」から脱皮するための指導力が問われる。
The Noda administration is also considering a plan to create an organ tentatively called the "national policy council" that will lead economic and fiscal management.
野田政権には、経済財政運営の司令塔となる「国家戦略会議」の構想もある。
We hope the government will make clear-cut decisions about what kind of role will be played by which government organ.
何をどこで決めるか、役割分担を明確にしてほしい。
If the policy-making system used by the government and the ruling coalition is vested with greater transparency and functions properly, we believe the opposition parties will find it easier to join negotiations with the ruling camp.
政府・与党の政策決定システムが透明性を高め、機能すれば、野党側も与党との協議に乗りやすくなるだろう。
The prime minister must strive to set up a framework that would facilitate consensus between the ruling and opposition camps over policy issues.
首相は、合意形成に向けた、与野党の枠組み作りにも努力しなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 22, 2011)
（2011年9月22日01時55分 読売新聞）
2011/09/22
サイバー攻撃 防衛産業狙った“戦争行為”だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 22, 2011)
Cyber-attacks on defense contractor are 'acts of war'
サイバー攻撃 防衛産業狙った“戦争行為”だ（9月21日付・読売社説）
The recent cyber-attacks on a leading Japanese defense contactor must be taken extremely seriously.
日本を代表する防衛産業を標的にした、深刻なサイバー攻撃である。
About 80 servers and personal computers of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. were found to have been infected with computer viruses after being penetrated from outside the company.
三菱重工業のサーバーやパソコン約８０台が外部からの侵入を受け、コンピューターウイルスに感染していたことが明らかになった。
The hacked machines were at MHI's 11 key manufacturing plants across the country, including factories that produce submarines, destroyers and nuclear power plants.
被害は全国１１拠点に及び、潜水艦や護衛艦、原子力プラントを建造する工場も含まれている。
The viruses are considered dangerous because they are designed to remotely operate infected PCs from outside to steal information.
発見されたウイルスは、パソコンを外部から操作し、情報の流出を可能にする危険なものだ。
IHI Corp., another heavy electric machinery maker, has suffered similar cyber-attacks.
同種の攻撃はＩＨＩも受けていた。
===
A national security threat
At present, there has been no confirmation that MHI's product information has been leaked. But if defense secrets are stolen, it will have a grave impact on public safety and national security.
現時点で製品情報の流出は確認されていないが、もし防衛機密が盗まれれば、国の治安や安全保障にも重大な影響を与える。
After being contacted by MHI, the Metropolitan Police Department has launched an investigation into the incident as a case of suspected espionage.
三菱重工から相談を受けた警視庁は、スパイ事件の疑いがあるとみて捜査を始めた。
All-out efforts must be made to identify the perpetrator or perpetrators.
攻撃者の特定に全力を挙げてもらいたい。
There is a high possibility the attacks on MHI were launched overseas.
今回の攻撃は海外から行われた可能性が高い。
The records of the infected servers showed they were connected with Web sites in China and Hong Kong.
感染サーバーが中国や香港などのサイトに接続された記録があった。
An analysis of the viruses showed text in Chinese appeared on a screen for a hacker to remotely control the infected PCs.
ウイルスの解析結果によると、攻撃者が操作する画面で中国語が使われていた。
When the National Police Agency Web site was inundated with a massive amount of data last September and July this year, 90 percent of the data was found to have originated in China.
昨年９月と今年７月、警察庁のホームページに大量のデータが送り付けられた攻撃では、ともに発信元の９割が中国だった。
Cyber-attacks on government organizations and businesses have occurred frequently in recent years.
近年、各国の政府機関や企業に対するサイバー攻撃が相次いでいる。
The United States unveiled a policy in July that would allow the country to take rigorous measures against cyber-attacks, which it considers acts of war.
米国は７月、サイバー攻撃を戦争行為とみなして対処する厳しい姿勢を打ち出した。
It is urgent to build an international system for jointly investigating cyber-attacks.
サイバー攻撃に対する国際的な捜査協力体制の構築が急務だ。
===
International cooperation network
The United States and major European nations have signed the Convention on Cybercrime to cooperate in such fields as the provision of investigative information.
欧米の主要国は「サイバー犯罪条約」に加盟し、捜査情報の提供などで緊密に連携している。
In June, Japan at long last finished the domestic legal process needed to join the pact.
日本はようやく今年、加盟に必要な国内法の整備を終えた。
条約加盟を早急に実現させねばならない。
To deter cyber-attacks, it is crucial that affected parties share information about the damage incurred and use this data so damage can be prevented from expanding and security measures can be improved.
サイバー攻撃の抑止には、関係者が被害情報を共有し、被害の拡大防止とセキュリティー対策の向上に生かすことも欠かせない。
Questions have been raised about why MHI did not report the virus infection to the Defense Ministry immediately after it realized in mid-August that it had been attacked.
疑問なのは、三菱重工が８月中旬にウイルス感染を把握しながら、防衛省に報告していなかったことだ。
If information about contracts for equipment involving defense secrets is thought to have been leaked, contractors are required to inform the ministry immediately.
防衛上の重要機密に関わる装備品の契約では、情報漏えいの疑いがある場合、防衛省への速やかな報告が定められている。
How will the government offices concerned--including the Defense Ministry, the NPA and the Economy, Trade and Industry Ministry--handle this case in which companies involved in defense and advanced technologies are targeted by cyber-attacks?
防衛や先端技術に関連する企業が攻撃された場合、防衛省、警察庁、経済産業省などの関係省庁はどう対処するのか。
Their systems for working together need to be reexamined and strengthened.
省庁間の連携強化へ体制の再点検も必要だ。
In August, the NPA and 4,000 domestic firms inaugurated a network system to share information on cyber-attacks.
警察庁と国内企業４０００社は８月、サイバー攻撃に関する情報を共有するためのネットワークを発足させた。
The public and private sectors should bolster their cooperation in such fields as fostering personnel with the skills to combat computer viruses.
ウイルス対策に精通した人材の育成も含め、官民の協力を一層進めてほしい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 21, 2011)
（2011年9月21日01時27分 読売新聞）
Cyber-attacks on defense contractor are 'acts of war'
サイバー攻撃 防衛産業狙った“戦争行為”だ（9月21日付・読売社説）
The recent cyber-attacks on a leading Japanese defense contactor must be taken extremely seriously.
日本を代表する防衛産業を標的にした、深刻なサイバー攻撃である。
About 80 servers and personal computers of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. were found to have been infected with computer viruses after being penetrated from outside the company.
三菱重工業のサーバーやパソコン約８０台が外部からの侵入を受け、コンピューターウイルスに感染していたことが明らかになった。
The hacked machines were at MHI's 11 key manufacturing plants across the country, including factories that produce submarines, destroyers and nuclear power plants.
被害は全国１１拠点に及び、潜水艦や護衛艦、原子力プラントを建造する工場も含まれている。
The viruses are considered dangerous because they are designed to remotely operate infected PCs from outside to steal information.
発見されたウイルスは、パソコンを外部から操作し、情報の流出を可能にする危険なものだ。
IHI Corp., another heavy electric machinery maker, has suffered similar cyber-attacks.
同種の攻撃はＩＨＩも受けていた。
===
A national security threat
At present, there has been no confirmation that MHI's product information has been leaked. But if defense secrets are stolen, it will have a grave impact on public safety and national security.
現時点で製品情報の流出は確認されていないが、もし防衛機密が盗まれれば、国の治安や安全保障にも重大な影響を与える。
After being contacted by MHI, the Metropolitan Police Department has launched an investigation into the incident as a case of suspected espionage.
三菱重工から相談を受けた警視庁は、スパイ事件の疑いがあるとみて捜査を始めた。
All-out efforts must be made to identify the perpetrator or perpetrators.
攻撃者の特定に全力を挙げてもらいたい。
There is a high possibility the attacks on MHI were launched overseas.
今回の攻撃は海外から行われた可能性が高い。
The records of the infected servers showed they were connected with Web sites in China and Hong Kong.
感染サーバーが中国や香港などのサイトに接続された記録があった。
An analysis of the viruses showed text in Chinese appeared on a screen for a hacker to remotely control the infected PCs.
ウイルスの解析結果によると、攻撃者が操作する画面で中国語が使われていた。
When the National Police Agency Web site was inundated with a massive amount of data last September and July this year, 90 percent of the data was found to have originated in China.
昨年９月と今年７月、警察庁のホームページに大量のデータが送り付けられた攻撃では、ともに発信元の９割が中国だった。
Cyber-attacks on government organizations and businesses have occurred frequently in recent years.
近年、各国の政府機関や企業に対するサイバー攻撃が相次いでいる。
The United States unveiled a policy in July that would allow the country to take rigorous measures against cyber-attacks, which it considers acts of war.
米国は７月、サイバー攻撃を戦争行為とみなして対処する厳しい姿勢を打ち出した。
It is urgent to build an international system for jointly investigating cyber-attacks.
サイバー攻撃に対する国際的な捜査協力体制の構築が急務だ。
===
International cooperation network
The United States and major European nations have signed the Convention on Cybercrime to cooperate in such fields as the provision of investigative information.
欧米の主要国は「サイバー犯罪条約」に加盟し、捜査情報の提供などで緊密に連携している。
In June, Japan at long last finished the domestic legal process needed to join the pact.
日本はようやく今年、加盟に必要な国内法の整備を終えた。
条約加盟を早急に実現させねばならない。
To deter cyber-attacks, it is crucial that affected parties share information about the damage incurred and use this data so damage can be prevented from expanding and security measures can be improved.
サイバー攻撃の抑止には、関係者が被害情報を共有し、被害の拡大防止とセキュリティー対策の向上に生かすことも欠かせない。
Questions have been raised about why MHI did not report the virus infection to the Defense Ministry immediately after it realized in mid-August that it had been attacked.
疑問なのは、三菱重工が８月中旬にウイルス感染を把握しながら、防衛省に報告していなかったことだ。
If information about contracts for equipment involving defense secrets is thought to have been leaked, contractors are required to inform the ministry immediately.
防衛上の重要機密に関わる装備品の契約では、情報漏えいの疑いがある場合、防衛省への速やかな報告が定められている。
How will the government offices concerned--including the Defense Ministry, the NPA and the Economy, Trade and Industry Ministry--handle this case in which companies involved in defense and advanced technologies are targeted by cyber-attacks?
防衛や先端技術に関連する企業が攻撃された場合、防衛省、警察庁、経済産業省などの関係省庁はどう対処するのか。
Their systems for working together need to be reexamined and strengthened.
省庁間の連携強化へ体制の再点検も必要だ。
In August, the NPA and 4,000 domestic firms inaugurated a network system to share information on cyber-attacks.
警察庁と国内企業４０００社は８月、サイバー攻撃に関する情報を共有するためのネットワークを発足させた。
The public and private sectors should bolster their cooperation in such fields as fostering personnel with the skills to combat computer viruses.
ウイルス対策に精通した人材の育成も含め、官民の協力を一層進めてほしい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 21, 2011)
（2011年9月21日01時27分 読売新聞）
テロ後１０年の中東―和平と繁栄の春につなげ
2011/09/21
--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 20
EDITORIAL: U.S. must play role of fair mediator in the Middle East.
テロ後１０年の中東―和平と繁栄の春につなげ
Violence begets violence.
暴力は暴力を生む。
A series of wars, conflicts and other acts of violence that have occurred during the 10 years since the Sept. 11 terror attacks against the United States in 2001 have forced all of us to confront this grim truth.
米同時多発テロから１０年間で起きた数々の暴力を目の当たりにして、誰もがその思いを強めたことだろう。
The United States responded to the terror attacks by launching wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. During that time, the Palestinian conflict intensified while strife among religious sects in Iraq deepened.
多発テロを受けて米国が始めたアフガニスタン戦争とイラク戦争、それに並行してパレスチナ紛争の激化、イラクの宗派間抗争。
Terrorists staged large-scale attacks in the Middle East, Europe and Asia.
中東、欧州、アジアで大規模なテロが続いた。
After the bloodshed of the past decade, the revolutions that unfolded in Tunisia and Egypt, where peaceful demonstrations by citizens toppled dictatorships, were all the more striking and amazing events.
それだけに、チュニジアとエジプトで民衆の平和的なデモが独裁を倒した革命は、鮮烈だった。
The wave of democratization in the Middle East, which has come to be called the "Arab Spring," has brought a ray of hope to the region by showing that the cycle of destruction can now be replaced by the process of construction.
「アラブの春」と呼ばれる中東民主化の波は、破壊から建設に向かう希望の光である。
The former U.S. administration of President George W. Bush started the war in Iraq, saying it was determined to advance the cause of democratization of the Middle East.
「中東民主化」はイラク戦争後、ブッシュ米前政権が強力に提案した。
As a result, elections went ahead in various parts of the region, including Iraq, Egypt and the Palestinian territory.
イラクやエジプト、パレスチナなど中東各地で選挙が実施された。
Saudi Arabia held its first local assembly votes.
サウジアラビアも初の地方議会選挙をした。
But no real progress toward democracy was achieved.
しかし、民主化は定着しなかった。
The elections resulted in increased political strength and influence of anti-America, anti-Israel groups such as the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt and Hamas of the Palestinian Authority. After these developments, the United States stopped talking about democratization of the region.
選挙の結果、エジプトのムスリム同胞団やパレスチナ自治政府のハマスなど、反米・反イスラエルのイスラム勢力が軒並み選挙で伸び、米国は民主化を言わなくなった。
--People standing up--
■立ち上がった民衆
Autocratic governments in the Middle East took advantage of America's silence to roll back the movement toward democracy.
米国の沈黙をいいことに、中東の民主化は後退した。
During Egypt's parliamentary elections last November, the authorities manipulated the vote to eliminate opposition forces.
昨年末のエジプト議会選挙は当局の圧力で、野党勢力は排除された。
As their authoritarian governments refused to embrace change, people in the Arab world became aware of their power to move their nations toward democracy and stood up against the dictatorships.
変わらぬ政治に、アラブ民衆は民主化の主体として目覚め、強権に向かって立ち上がった。
Libya, where protests against the regime boiled over into civil war, has started moving toward establishing an interim government.
内戦になったリビアもやっと暫定政府に向けて動き出した。
The people are gaining political power not only in the countries where the old autocratic governments have already collapsed, but also elsewhere in the region.
すでに強権体制が倒れた国だけでなく、すべての国々で民衆の声は力を持ち始めている。
Syria has been caught up in protests for the past seven months despite a ferocious government crackdown.
シリアでは弾圧にもかかわらず、７カ月にわたってデモが続く。
In another sign of the sea change occurring in the region, a growing number of women in Saudi Arabia are beginning to drive cars in open defiance of an official ban on female drivers. And women have been posting images and videos of themselves behind the wheel on the Internet.
女性の運転を禁じるサウジで女性たちが次々と運転し、その映像をネットで公開する動きも、同じ流れの中にある。
There are also some troubling moves.
憂慮すべき動きもある。
In Egypt, angry protests provoked by the recent killing of Egyptian soldiers by Israeli forces led to the storming of a building housing the Israeli Embassy in Cairo.
エジプトではイスラエル軍の銃撃でエジプト人兵士が死亡した事件をきっかけにイスラエル大使館への抗議デモが始まり、ビルに押し入る過激な行動になった。
There is strong criticism among Egyptians against such violent actions.
エジプトの国民にも過激な動きには批判が強い。
Demonstrations, when they spiral out of control, can lead to xenophobia, upsetting the balance of peace.
デモの暴走は排外主義となり、地域の平和を乱す。
The country is susceptible to disturbances partly because elections have been delayed and there is not yet a legitimate parliament or government in place.
混乱に押さえがきかないのは、選挙の実施が遅れ、正統な議会や政府が発足していないためでもある。
It is clearly necessary to quicken the process of democratization.
民主化プロセスを急ぐ必要がある。
If elections are held, it is certain that Islamic groups will sharply increase their parliamentary strength.
選挙となれば、イスラム勢力が躍進することは確実である。
We hope these groups will transform themselves from the opposing forces that they have been until now into responsible political entities that can play constructive roles in nation-building.
これまでのような批判勢力ではなく、国造りで責任ある政治勢力として脱皮を期待したい。
Egypt is facing a raft of formidable challenges, such as administrative reform to stamp out the corruption and cronyism that infested the authoritarian government. It must also tackle serious unemployment and housing problems among young people, who account for more than half of the population.
強権時代の腐敗や縁故主義を一掃する行政改革、人口の半分以上を占める若者の深刻な失業や住宅問題。
The Islamic groups need to grapple with these tough challenges by proposing specific plans to promote economic and social development.
難題に、経済振興や社会開発の具体的な政策を示して取り組んでほしい。
There are concerns in the United States and Europe about the implications of increased political influence and power of Islamic groups.
イスラム化が進むことを懸念する声が米欧にはある。
But leaders in the West should regard the Arab Spring as an opportunity to promote mutual understanding and cooperation between their countries and Islamic forces.
They need to support the Arab people's efforts to establish democracy and build new nations.
しかしアラブの春は、米欧にとっても、中東の民主化の実施や国造りを支援するなかで、イスラム勢力と理解や協力関係を深めていく契機ととらえたい。
--Despite anti-American sentiment, U.S. must serve as a fair mediator--
■嫌米甘受し、仲介を
In May, U.S. President Barack Obama declared, "It will be the policy of the United States to promote reform across the region, and to support transitions to democracy."
オバマ大統領は５月に「中東の民主化を支持する」と明言した。
That being the case, the United States needs to brace itself for likely manifestations through elections of the antagonism and hatred toward Americans that have grown among people in the Middle East over the past 10 years.
しかし、米国はこの１０年間で中東の民衆に高まった反米・嫌米意識が、選挙を通して政治の表に出てくることへの覚悟が必要である。
People across the Islamic world saw the Iraq War, which Washington cast as a fight for "liberalization," as an act of "invasion."
米国が「解放」と唱えたイラク戦争を、アラブ・イスラム世界の民衆は「侵略」と見た。
While the Bush administration claimed it was fighting a "war against terrorism," many Arab people supported attacks against the United States as "jihad."
ブッシュ政権は「対テロ戦争」と主張したが、アラブ民衆の間では反米攻撃を「対米聖戦」と支持する声が強かった。
Under pro-American dictatorships in the region, anti-American feelings among people were suppressed for decades.
これまで、親米の強権体制の下で民衆の間の反米的な世論は抑えられていた。
But such public sentiment can no longer be kept in check.
これからはそうはいかない。
It is vital for the United States to start serious efforts to build from scratch relations based on mutual trust with people in the Middle East.
The country's ties with the region have been seriously damaged through the flawed war against terror.
米国は、１０年間の対テロ戦争の迷走によって損なわれた中東の民衆との信頼関係を一から築くことが重要だ。
Washington should insist that Persian Gulf states which still maintain iron-fisted rule to start moving toward democracy.
強権体制を今も続ける湾岸アラブ諸国に対して、米国は真剣に民主化の実施を求めなければならない。
It should also make all-out efforts to solve the Palestinian problem, which is at the heart of the caldron of violence in the Middle East.
さらに、中東の暴力の根源であるパレスチナ問題の解決に全力で取り組むべきだ。
The U.S. administration's Middle East policy will face an important test soon when the Palestine Liberation Organization submits an application for recognition of Palestinian statehood to the U.N. Security Council.
国連総会でパレスチナ解放機構（ＰＬＯ）が求める国家承認申請で米国の対応が試される。
The Obama administration has vowed to veto the request for Palestinian statehood.
米国は拒否権を行使すると警告している。
But it must remember that Obama, in a speech delivered in September last year to the U.N. General Assembly, said, "When we come back here next year, we can have an agreement that can lead to a new member of the United Nations--an independent, sovereign state of Palestine, living in peace with Israel."
しかし、オバマ大統領が昨年の国連総会で１年以内の和平合意を目指し、「来年の総会では、パレスチナ主権国家を迎えるだろう」と語ったことを忘れてはいまい。
The Middle East peace process was disrupted mainly by Israel's move to restart settlement construction.
中東和平交渉が中断したのはイスラエルが入植地建設を再開したことが主な原因である。
Washington could trigger a fresh wave of anti-American protests in the region if it only vetoes the Palestinian bid to become a member state of the United Nations without making any effort to urge Israel to take positive steps to revive peace talks.
イスラエルにさらに働きかけをしないで、パレスチナに対する拒否権だけでは、民衆の反米抗議につながりかねない。
The United States needs to convince people in the Middle East of its commitment to playing the role of fair peace mediator. This can only be achieved through explanations and actions.
米国は公平な仲介者として、中東の民衆を納得させる説明と行動が必要になっている。
Its role is vital for the future of the peace process.
役割は重い。
--Opening a new era in the Middle East--
■中東新時代を開く
The "Arab Spring" also requires Japan to start building new relations with those in the Middle East who have become the leading power in politics.
「アラブの春」は私たちにとっても、政治の主役となった中東の民衆との関係構築の始まりである。
The region's efforts to seek cooperative ties with the United States, Europe and Japan and receive intellectual and technological support from these countries for their nation-building will help lay the foundations of democracy in the region.
中東が米欧や日本と協調する道を探り、国造りの知恵や技術の支援を得ることは民主化の土台づくりともなる。
We hope mutual understanding between the Middle East and the industrialized world will open up a new era of peace and prosperity in the region.
互いの理解が平和と繁栄の中東新時代を開くことを期待したい。
--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 20
EDITORIAL: U.S. must play role of fair mediator in the Middle East.
テロ後１０年の中東―和平と繁栄の春につなげ
Violence begets violence.
暴力は暴力を生む。
A series of wars, conflicts and other acts of violence that have occurred during the 10 years since the Sept. 11 terror attacks against the United States in 2001 have forced all of us to confront this grim truth.
米同時多発テロから１０年間で起きた数々の暴力を目の当たりにして、誰もがその思いを強めたことだろう。
The United States responded to the terror attacks by launching wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. During that time, the Palestinian conflict intensified while strife among religious sects in Iraq deepened.
多発テロを受けて米国が始めたアフガニスタン戦争とイラク戦争、それに並行してパレスチナ紛争の激化、イラクの宗派間抗争。
Terrorists staged large-scale attacks in the Middle East, Europe and Asia.
中東、欧州、アジアで大規模なテロが続いた。
After the bloodshed of the past decade, the revolutions that unfolded in Tunisia and Egypt, where peaceful demonstrations by citizens toppled dictatorships, were all the more striking and amazing events.
それだけに、チュニジアとエジプトで民衆の平和的なデモが独裁を倒した革命は、鮮烈だった。
The wave of democratization in the Middle East, which has come to be called the "Arab Spring," has brought a ray of hope to the region by showing that the cycle of destruction can now be replaced by the process of construction.
「アラブの春」と呼ばれる中東民主化の波は、破壊から建設に向かう希望の光である。
The former U.S. administration of President George W. Bush started the war in Iraq, saying it was determined to advance the cause of democratization of the Middle East.
「中東民主化」はイラク戦争後、ブッシュ米前政権が強力に提案した。
As a result, elections went ahead in various parts of the region, including Iraq, Egypt and the Palestinian territory.
イラクやエジプト、パレスチナなど中東各地で選挙が実施された。
Saudi Arabia held its first local assembly votes.
サウジアラビアも初の地方議会選挙をした。
But no real progress toward democracy was achieved.
しかし、民主化は定着しなかった。
The elections resulted in increased political strength and influence of anti-America, anti-Israel groups such as the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt and Hamas of the Palestinian Authority. After these developments, the United States stopped talking about democratization of the region.
選挙の結果、エジプトのムスリム同胞団やパレスチナ自治政府のハマスなど、反米・反イスラエルのイスラム勢力が軒並み選挙で伸び、米国は民主化を言わなくなった。
--People standing up--
■立ち上がった民衆
Autocratic governments in the Middle East took advantage of America's silence to roll back the movement toward democracy.
米国の沈黙をいいことに、中東の民主化は後退した。
During Egypt's parliamentary elections last November, the authorities manipulated the vote to eliminate opposition forces.
昨年末のエジプト議会選挙は当局の圧力で、野党勢力は排除された。
As their authoritarian governments refused to embrace change, people in the Arab world became aware of their power to move their nations toward democracy and stood up against the dictatorships.
変わらぬ政治に、アラブ民衆は民主化の主体として目覚め、強権に向かって立ち上がった。
Libya, where protests against the regime boiled over into civil war, has started moving toward establishing an interim government.
内戦になったリビアもやっと暫定政府に向けて動き出した。
The people are gaining political power not only in the countries where the old autocratic governments have already collapsed, but also elsewhere in the region.
すでに強権体制が倒れた国だけでなく、すべての国々で民衆の声は力を持ち始めている。
Syria has been caught up in protests for the past seven months despite a ferocious government crackdown.
シリアでは弾圧にもかかわらず、７カ月にわたってデモが続く。
In another sign of the sea change occurring in the region, a growing number of women in Saudi Arabia are beginning to drive cars in open defiance of an official ban on female drivers. And women have been posting images and videos of themselves behind the wheel on the Internet.
女性の運転を禁じるサウジで女性たちが次々と運転し、その映像をネットで公開する動きも、同じ流れの中にある。
There are also some troubling moves.
憂慮すべき動きもある。
In Egypt, angry protests provoked by the recent killing of Egyptian soldiers by Israeli forces led to the storming of a building housing the Israeli Embassy in Cairo.
エジプトではイスラエル軍の銃撃でエジプト人兵士が死亡した事件をきっかけにイスラエル大使館への抗議デモが始まり、ビルに押し入る過激な行動になった。
There is strong criticism among Egyptians against such violent actions.
エジプトの国民にも過激な動きには批判が強い。
Demonstrations, when they spiral out of control, can lead to xenophobia, upsetting the balance of peace.
デモの暴走は排外主義となり、地域の平和を乱す。
The country is susceptible to disturbances partly because elections have been delayed and there is not yet a legitimate parliament or government in place.
混乱に押さえがきかないのは、選挙の実施が遅れ、正統な議会や政府が発足していないためでもある。
It is clearly necessary to quicken the process of democratization.
民主化プロセスを急ぐ必要がある。
If elections are held, it is certain that Islamic groups will sharply increase their parliamentary strength.
選挙となれば、イスラム勢力が躍進することは確実である。
We hope these groups will transform themselves from the opposing forces that they have been until now into responsible political entities that can play constructive roles in nation-building.
これまでのような批判勢力ではなく、国造りで責任ある政治勢力として脱皮を期待したい。
Egypt is facing a raft of formidable challenges, such as administrative reform to stamp out the corruption and cronyism that infested the authoritarian government. It must also tackle serious unemployment and housing problems among young people, who account for more than half of the population.
強権時代の腐敗や縁故主義を一掃する行政改革、人口の半分以上を占める若者の深刻な失業や住宅問題。
The Islamic groups need to grapple with these tough challenges by proposing specific plans to promote economic and social development.
難題に、経済振興や社会開発の具体的な政策を示して取り組んでほしい。
There are concerns in the United States and Europe about the implications of increased political influence and power of Islamic groups.
イスラム化が進むことを懸念する声が米欧にはある。
But leaders in the West should regard the Arab Spring as an opportunity to promote mutual understanding and cooperation between their countries and Islamic forces.
They need to support the Arab people's efforts to establish democracy and build new nations.
しかしアラブの春は、米欧にとっても、中東の民主化の実施や国造りを支援するなかで、イスラム勢力と理解や協力関係を深めていく契機ととらえたい。
--Despite anti-American sentiment, U.S. must serve as a fair mediator--
■嫌米甘受し、仲介を
In May, U.S. President Barack Obama declared, "It will be the policy of the United States to promote reform across the region, and to support transitions to democracy."
オバマ大統領は５月に「中東の民主化を支持する」と明言した。
That being the case, the United States needs to brace itself for likely manifestations through elections of the antagonism and hatred toward Americans that have grown among people in the Middle East over the past 10 years.
しかし、米国はこの１０年間で中東の民衆に高まった反米・嫌米意識が、選挙を通して政治の表に出てくることへの覚悟が必要である。
People across the Islamic world saw the Iraq War, which Washington cast as a fight for "liberalization," as an act of "invasion."
米国が「解放」と唱えたイラク戦争を、アラブ・イスラム世界の民衆は「侵略」と見た。
While the Bush administration claimed it was fighting a "war against terrorism," many Arab people supported attacks against the United States as "jihad."
ブッシュ政権は「対テロ戦争」と主張したが、アラブ民衆の間では反米攻撃を「対米聖戦」と支持する声が強かった。
Under pro-American dictatorships in the region, anti-American feelings among people were suppressed for decades.
これまで、親米の強権体制の下で民衆の間の反米的な世論は抑えられていた。
But such public sentiment can no longer be kept in check.
これからはそうはいかない。
It is vital for the United States to start serious efforts to build from scratch relations based on mutual trust with people in the Middle East.
The country's ties with the region have been seriously damaged through the flawed war against terror.
米国は、１０年間の対テロ戦争の迷走によって損なわれた中東の民衆との信頼関係を一から築くことが重要だ。
Washington should insist that Persian Gulf states which still maintain iron-fisted rule to start moving toward democracy.
強権体制を今も続ける湾岸アラブ諸国に対して、米国は真剣に民主化の実施を求めなければならない。
It should also make all-out efforts to solve the Palestinian problem, which is at the heart of the caldron of violence in the Middle East.
さらに、中東の暴力の根源であるパレスチナ問題の解決に全力で取り組むべきだ。
The U.S. administration's Middle East policy will face an important test soon when the Palestine Liberation Organization submits an application for recognition of Palestinian statehood to the U.N. Security Council.
国連総会でパレスチナ解放機構（ＰＬＯ）が求める国家承認申請で米国の対応が試される。
The Obama administration has vowed to veto the request for Palestinian statehood.
米国は拒否権を行使すると警告している。
But it must remember that Obama, in a speech delivered in September last year to the U.N. General Assembly, said, "When we come back here next year, we can have an agreement that can lead to a new member of the United Nations--an independent, sovereign state of Palestine, living in peace with Israel."
しかし、オバマ大統領が昨年の国連総会で１年以内の和平合意を目指し、「来年の総会では、パレスチナ主権国家を迎えるだろう」と語ったことを忘れてはいまい。
The Middle East peace process was disrupted mainly by Israel's move to restart settlement construction.
中東和平交渉が中断したのはイスラエルが入植地建設を再開したことが主な原因である。
Washington could trigger a fresh wave of anti-American protests in the region if it only vetoes the Palestinian bid to become a member state of the United Nations without making any effort to urge Israel to take positive steps to revive peace talks.
イスラエルにさらに働きかけをしないで、パレスチナに対する拒否権だけでは、民衆の反米抗議につながりかねない。
The United States needs to convince people in the Middle East of its commitment to playing the role of fair peace mediator. This can only be achieved through explanations and actions.
米国は公平な仲介者として、中東の民衆を納得させる説明と行動が必要になっている。
Its role is vital for the future of the peace process.
役割は重い。
--Opening a new era in the Middle East--
■中東新時代を開く
The "Arab Spring" also requires Japan to start building new relations with those in the Middle East who have become the leading power in politics.
「アラブの春」は私たちにとっても、政治の主役となった中東の民衆との関係構築の始まりである。
The region's efforts to seek cooperative ties with the United States, Europe and Japan and receive intellectual and technological support from these countries for their nation-building will help lay the foundations of democracy in the region.
中東が米欧や日本と協調する道を探り、国造りの知恵や技術の支援を得ることは民主化の土台づくりともなる。
We hope mutual understanding between the Middle East and the industrialized world will open up a new era of peace and prosperity in the region.
互いの理解が平和と繁栄の中東新時代を開くことを期待したい。
2011/09/21
敬老の日 住民が見守り合う地域社会に
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 20, 2011)
Disaster proves value of neighborly ties
敬老の日 住民が見守り合う地域社会に（9月19日付・読売社説）
The Great East Japan Earthquake and ensuing tsunami hit hardest in regions where the ratio of elderly residents is relatively high compared with the national average.
東日本大震災は、全国でも高齢者の比率が高い地域を襲った。
There are many elderly people among those who have taken shelter in temporary housing units in neighboring areas or moved to other parts of the country.
仮設住宅や全国各地に避難している人の中にも、大勢のお年寄りがいる。
Respect-for-the-Aged Day is a time to reflect on this.
きょうは敬老の日。
Efforts to help the disaster-affected elderly rebuild their daily lives will give important hints for improving administrative services for the elderly nationwide in the months ahead.
被災した高齢者の生活再建をどう支援していくかは、今後の高齢者行政を充実させる上でも、大事な視点である。
Japanese society is graying year after year at an ever-accelerating pace.
日本社会の高齢化は年々、加速している。
People aged 65 or older now make up 23 percent of the total population.
総人口に占める高齢者（６５歳以上）の割合は２３％に達した。
Over the next 10 years, the ratio will rise to about 30 percent.
１０年後には約３０％になる。
About one in every six elderly people, or 4.6 million individuals, lives alone.
高齢者の約６人に１人、４６０万人が一人暮らしだ。
This number has increased by more than 1.5 million over the past 10 years, and 10 years from now, the number is projected to reach 6.3 million.
単身高齢者は過去１０年で１５０万人以上増えた。１０年後には６３０万人を超えると見られている。
According to a Cabinet Office survey, 20 percent of elderly men living alone and nearly 10 percent of elderly women living alone said they have "no one to turn to in time of need."
内閣府の調査で単身高齢者の男性は２割、女性は１割近くが「困った時に頼れる人がいない」と答えている。
We should foster new bonds to make up for the ever-weakening ties within regions and among blood relations.
薄れつつある地縁血縁の結びつきを補う、新しい絆を創っていかなければならない。
===
A prototype for tomorrow
In this sense, the challenge of rebuilding disaster-affected communities in ways that do not leave elderly residents feeling lonely may help us find ways to better deal with the rapid graying of society as a whole.
そういう意味では、被災地の地域社会を、寂しい思いの高齢者を出さずに再生していくことが、直面する超高齢時代への対処法を探ることにもつながるだろう。
For instance, in disaster-affected areas, attempts are now under way to provide people with housing that harks back to life in row-house neighborhoods where residents would keep a kindly eye on each other.
たとえば被災地では、住民同士が程よく見守り合う、「長屋づきあい」をイメージした住宅提供の試みが動き出している。
The city government of Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, in cooperation with the Institute of Gerontology of the University of Tokyo, has built temporary housing units designed to help residents foster neighborly contact.
岩手県釜石市は、東京大学の高齢社会総合研究機構と協力し、近所同士の関係を醸成しやすい仮設住宅を作った。
With the entrances of the houses facing each other and a roofed wooden deck linking them, these homes were arranged so residents would be able to visit each other with ease.
玄関を向かい合わせに配置し、住宅の間を屋根付きのウッドデッキで結んで、気軽に行き来できるようにした。
The residents are also provided with nursing care service for the elderly and play space for children. It is the sort of community where various generations of people, not only the elderly but also families with children, can help each other.
介護拠点や子どもの遊び場も併設して、高齢者だけでなく子育て世帯など、様々な世代が助け合うコミュニティーだ。
This is a concept that can be utilized not merely in temporary housing units but also for town planning in the future.
期間限定の仮設住宅にとどまらず、今後の街づくりにも生かしていける発想である。
===
Visitors provide human touch
In Soma, Fukushima Prefecture, city workers called "shopping and lifestyle supporters" visit temporary housing units and sell food and daily goods out of a bicycle trailer.
福島県相馬市では、市が雇用した「買い物・生活支援員」が、リヤカーに食品などを積んで仮設住宅を訪問し、販売している。
The service is primarily designed to offer everyday living support for elderly or disabled evacuees who are disadvantaged in doing their daily shopping. But the workers are also hearing how people are doing, learning what they need and watching over them.
高齢者や障害者など“買い物弱者”の支援が目的だが、被災者の近況や要望を聞き、見守る役目も果たしている。
The program is also a welfare-oriented, job-creating measure.
福祉型の雇用創出策でもある。
Such efforts in disaster-affected areas serve as important models for measures to be taken more widely in the months ahead.
こうした被災地での取り組みをこれからの施策に生かし、発展させることが重要だ。
Local governments that have accepted evacuees into their public housing units across the country are also making efforts to build up regular contact by making door-to-door visits, so as to avoid such tragic situations as elderly people dying unattended.
避難者を公共住宅などで受け入れた全国の自治体も、孤独死などの悲劇を生まぬよう、個別訪問など、ふれあいに努めている。
We should use these experiences to create more communities that the elderly will find livable.
そんな経験をうまく生かして、高齢者が暮らしやすい地域社会を広げていきたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 19, 2011)
（2011年9月19日01時33分 読売新聞）
Disaster proves value of neighborly ties
敬老の日 住民が見守り合う地域社会に（9月19日付・読売社説）
The Great East Japan Earthquake and ensuing tsunami hit hardest in regions where the ratio of elderly residents is relatively high compared with the national average.
東日本大震災は、全国でも高齢者の比率が高い地域を襲った。
There are many elderly people among those who have taken shelter in temporary housing units in neighboring areas or moved to other parts of the country.
仮設住宅や全国各地に避難している人の中にも、大勢のお年寄りがいる。
Respect-for-the-Aged Day is a time to reflect on this.
きょうは敬老の日。
Efforts to help the disaster-affected elderly rebuild their daily lives will give important hints for improving administrative services for the elderly nationwide in the months ahead.
被災した高齢者の生活再建をどう支援していくかは、今後の高齢者行政を充実させる上でも、大事な視点である。
Japanese society is graying year after year at an ever-accelerating pace.
日本社会の高齢化は年々、加速している。
People aged 65 or older now make up 23 percent of the total population.
総人口に占める高齢者（６５歳以上）の割合は２３％に達した。
Over the next 10 years, the ratio will rise to about 30 percent.
１０年後には約３０％になる。
About one in every six elderly people, or 4.6 million individuals, lives alone.
高齢者の約６人に１人、４６０万人が一人暮らしだ。
This number has increased by more than 1.5 million over the past 10 years, and 10 years from now, the number is projected to reach 6.3 million.
単身高齢者は過去１０年で１５０万人以上増えた。１０年後には６３０万人を超えると見られている。
According to a Cabinet Office survey, 20 percent of elderly men living alone and nearly 10 percent of elderly women living alone said they have "no one to turn to in time of need."
内閣府の調査で単身高齢者の男性は２割、女性は１割近くが「困った時に頼れる人がいない」と答えている。
We should foster new bonds to make up for the ever-weakening ties within regions and among blood relations.
薄れつつある地縁血縁の結びつきを補う、新しい絆を創っていかなければならない。
===
A prototype for tomorrow
In this sense, the challenge of rebuilding disaster-affected communities in ways that do not leave elderly residents feeling lonely may help us find ways to better deal with the rapid graying of society as a whole.
そういう意味では、被災地の地域社会を、寂しい思いの高齢者を出さずに再生していくことが、直面する超高齢時代への対処法を探ることにもつながるだろう。
For instance, in disaster-affected areas, attempts are now under way to provide people with housing that harks back to life in row-house neighborhoods where residents would keep a kindly eye on each other.
たとえば被災地では、住民同士が程よく見守り合う、「長屋づきあい」をイメージした住宅提供の試みが動き出している。
The city government of Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, in cooperation with the Institute of Gerontology of the University of Tokyo, has built temporary housing units designed to help residents foster neighborly contact.
岩手県釜石市は、東京大学の高齢社会総合研究機構と協力し、近所同士の関係を醸成しやすい仮設住宅を作った。
With the entrances of the houses facing each other and a roofed wooden deck linking them, these homes were arranged so residents would be able to visit each other with ease.
玄関を向かい合わせに配置し、住宅の間を屋根付きのウッドデッキで結んで、気軽に行き来できるようにした。
The residents are also provided with nursing care service for the elderly and play space for children. It is the sort of community where various generations of people, not only the elderly but also families with children, can help each other.
介護拠点や子どもの遊び場も併設して、高齢者だけでなく子育て世帯など、様々な世代が助け合うコミュニティーだ。
This is a concept that can be utilized not merely in temporary housing units but also for town planning in the future.
期間限定の仮設住宅にとどまらず、今後の街づくりにも生かしていける発想である。
===
Visitors provide human touch
In Soma, Fukushima Prefecture, city workers called "shopping and lifestyle supporters" visit temporary housing units and sell food and daily goods out of a bicycle trailer.
福島県相馬市では、市が雇用した「買い物・生活支援員」が、リヤカーに食品などを積んで仮設住宅を訪問し、販売している。
The service is primarily designed to offer everyday living support for elderly or disabled evacuees who are disadvantaged in doing their daily shopping. But the workers are also hearing how people are doing, learning what they need and watching over them.
高齢者や障害者など“買い物弱者”の支援が目的だが、被災者の近況や要望を聞き、見守る役目も果たしている。
The program is also a welfare-oriented, job-creating measure.
福祉型の雇用創出策でもある。
Such efforts in disaster-affected areas serve as important models for measures to be taken more widely in the months ahead.
こうした被災地での取り組みをこれからの施策に生かし、発展させることが重要だ。
Local governments that have accepted evacuees into their public housing units across the country are also making efforts to build up regular contact by making door-to-door visits, so as to avoid such tragic situations as elderly people dying unattended.
避難者を公共住宅などで受け入れた全国の自治体も、孤独死などの悲劇を生まぬよう、個別訪問など、ふれあいに努めている。
We should use these experiences to create more communities that the elderly will find livable.
そんな経験をうまく生かして、高齢者が暮らしやすい地域社会を広げていきたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 19, 2011)
（2011年9月19日01時33分 読売新聞）
2011/09/20
ホームドア 転落事故防止へ着実な整備を
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 19, 2011)
Speed up installation of railway platform doors
ホームドア 転落事故防止へ着実な整備を（9月18日付・読売社説）
Little progress has been made in the installation of platform doors at railway stations to prevent passengers from falling onto the tracks.
駅のホームから転落する事故を防ぐホームドアの整備が進まない。
Despite strong calls from people including the visually impaired to install the doors, railway operators have been slow to respond because of such hurdles as the high costs involved.
視覚障害者などが設置を強く求めているが、高額な費用などの難点があって、対応の遅れが目立つ。
A study panel of the Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ministry recently proposed that railway companies preferentially install the doors at stations used by at least 100,000 passengers a day. This proposal should be used as a springboard for encouraging installation of platform doors, also known as platform gates.
国土交通省の検討会が、１日の利用客が１０万人以上の駅に優先的に整備するよう提言した。ホームドア設置促進の契機としたい。
For train users, safety at railway stations is a major concern. Railway operators must prioritize passenger safety over concerns about delaying train schedules. Every railway company must steadily boost efforts to install platform doors at as many stations as possible.
利用客にとって、駅の安全性は大きな関心事である。利便性を追求するあまり、安全確保をなおざりにしてはならない。鉄道各社は着実に整備してもらいたい。
===
Mere 5% have doors
The government and municipalities have been subsidizing part of the costs for installing the doors. Such subsidies should be increased to encourage more stations to equip platforms with the systems.
政府や自治体は、設置費を一部助成しているが、さらに拡充して普及を後押しすべきだ。
A platform door is a barrier, usually about 1.2 meters high, between passengers and the train and tracks. The doors are designed to open and close automatically in sync with the train doors.
ホームドアは、線路とホームの間を仕切る高さ１・２メートルほどの柵だ。停車した電車のドアと同じ位置に、自動的に開閉するドアが付いている。
Railway companies are obliged to install platform doors when they build new stations, but their installation at existing stations has been left up to the companies' discretion as a nonbinding goal. Only 500 of the nation's approximately 9,500 railway stations, or 5 percent, are equipped with platform doors.
設置は、新設駅には義務付けられているが、既存の駅については鉄道会社の努力目標にとどまっている。全国９５００駅のうち、ホームドアが設置されているのは約５００駅だけで、全体の５％程度に過ぎない。
Although the ministry's study panel has called for priority installation of the doors at the 239 stations with 100,000 or more passengers a day, only 26 of the stations now have them.
今回、整備対象とされた利用者１０万人以上の２３９駅を見ても、２６駅しか設置されていない。
Installation of the doors can cost several billions of yen per station if complete renovation of platforms is necessary.
ホーム全体の改修が必要な場合、設置には１駅で数十億円の費用がかかるという。
In addition, there are a number of lines on which the locations and numbers of train doors differ depending on trains, such as limited expresses, commuter expresses and local trains, making it hard for railway firms to install platform doors that fit all doors of every kind of train.
特急や快速、普通など列車ごとにドアの数と位置が異なり、すべての車両に対応できるホームドアを取り付けるのが難しい路線もある。
There were 1,253 accidents across the country from 2002 to 2009 involving falls of passengers from platforms and passenger contact with trains.
だが、転落や列車との接触など駅ホームでの事故は２００２～０９年に１２５３件にのぼる。
In January this year, a blind man was killed in Tokyo when he fell off a platform at Mejiro Station on JR East's Yamanote Line, and another blind man was killed in July after falling off a platform at Tsukushino Station on the Tokyu Denentoshi Line in western Tokyo. A brush with death on railway platforms can happen to people with various degrees of visual impairments, not only those who are blind.
今年１月にはＪＲ山手線の目白駅で、７月には東急田園都市線つくし野駅で、いずれも全盲の男性がホームから転落して死亡した。ホームは、視覚障害者にとって「死と隣り合わせの場所」とさえ言われている。
But there have been almost no accidental falls at railway stations equipped with platform doors.
一方で、ホームドア設置駅の転落事故数は、ほぼゼロだ。
===
Users set to bear cost
JR East has been installing the doors at all stations on the Yamanote Line with a budget of 50 billion yen, probably because the railway operator concluded the doors are highly effective in preventing platform accidents.
ＪＲ東日本が総額５００億円をかけ、山手線全駅で設置計画を進めているのも、その効果が大きいと判断したからだろう。
In a questionnaire given to train users recently by the transport ministry, about 60 percent of the respondents replied it is inevitable the public will have to bear part of the installation costs of platform doors in such forms as higher fares and taxes. A majority of people want railway station's safety enhanced even if it increases their financial burdens.
国交省が駅利用者を対象に実施したアンケートでは、設置費の一部を料金値上げや税金で負担するのは「やむを得ない」とした回答が全体の６割を占めた。
多少の負担があっても、駅の安全性を高めてほしいと願う人が多いことを物語っている。
To prevent the misery of railway accidents, it is very important not only to improve railway station facilities but also for railway firms and related organizations to make such day-to-day efforts as calling for disabled people to be heedful of possible dangers at railway stations.
悲惨な事故を防ぐには、施設の整備に加え、障害者への声かけなど日常的な取り組みも大切だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 18, 2011)
（2011年9月18日01時11分 読売新聞）
Speed up installation of railway platform doors
ホームドア 転落事故防止へ着実な整備を（9月18日付・読売社説）
Little progress has been made in the installation of platform doors at railway stations to prevent passengers from falling onto the tracks.
駅のホームから転落する事故を防ぐホームドアの整備が進まない。
Despite strong calls from people including the visually impaired to install the doors, railway operators have been slow to respond because of such hurdles as the high costs involved.
視覚障害者などが設置を強く求めているが、高額な費用などの難点があって、対応の遅れが目立つ。
A study panel of the Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ministry recently proposed that railway companies preferentially install the doors at stations used by at least 100,000 passengers a day. This proposal should be used as a springboard for encouraging installation of platform doors, also known as platform gates.
国土交通省の検討会が、１日の利用客が１０万人以上の駅に優先的に整備するよう提言した。ホームドア設置促進の契機としたい。
For train users, safety at railway stations is a major concern. Railway operators must prioritize passenger safety over concerns about delaying train schedules. Every railway company must steadily boost efforts to install platform doors at as many stations as possible.
利用客にとって、駅の安全性は大きな関心事である。利便性を追求するあまり、安全確保をなおざりにしてはならない。鉄道各社は着実に整備してもらいたい。
===
Mere 5% have doors
The government and municipalities have been subsidizing part of the costs for installing the doors. Such subsidies should be increased to encourage more stations to equip platforms with the systems.
政府や自治体は、設置費を一部助成しているが、さらに拡充して普及を後押しすべきだ。
A platform door is a barrier, usually about 1.2 meters high, between passengers and the train and tracks. The doors are designed to open and close automatically in sync with the train doors.
ホームドアは、線路とホームの間を仕切る高さ１・２メートルほどの柵だ。停車した電車のドアと同じ位置に、自動的に開閉するドアが付いている。
Railway companies are obliged to install platform doors when they build new stations, but their installation at existing stations has been left up to the companies' discretion as a nonbinding goal. Only 500 of the nation's approximately 9,500 railway stations, or 5 percent, are equipped with platform doors.
設置は、新設駅には義務付けられているが、既存の駅については鉄道会社の努力目標にとどまっている。全国９５００駅のうち、ホームドアが設置されているのは約５００駅だけで、全体の５％程度に過ぎない。
Although the ministry's study panel has called for priority installation of the doors at the 239 stations with 100,000 or more passengers a day, only 26 of the stations now have them.
今回、整備対象とされた利用者１０万人以上の２３９駅を見ても、２６駅しか設置されていない。
Installation of the doors can cost several billions of yen per station if complete renovation of platforms is necessary.
ホーム全体の改修が必要な場合、設置には１駅で数十億円の費用がかかるという。
In addition, there are a number of lines on which the locations and numbers of train doors differ depending on trains, such as limited expresses, commuter expresses and local trains, making it hard for railway firms to install platform doors that fit all doors of every kind of train.
特急や快速、普通など列車ごとにドアの数と位置が異なり、すべての車両に対応できるホームドアを取り付けるのが難しい路線もある。
There were 1,253 accidents across the country from 2002 to 2009 involving falls of passengers from platforms and passenger contact with trains.
だが、転落や列車との接触など駅ホームでの事故は２００２～０９年に１２５３件にのぼる。
In January this year, a blind man was killed in Tokyo when he fell off a platform at Mejiro Station on JR East's Yamanote Line, and another blind man was killed in July after falling off a platform at Tsukushino Station on the Tokyu Denentoshi Line in western Tokyo. A brush with death on railway platforms can happen to people with various degrees of visual impairments, not only those who are blind.
今年１月にはＪＲ山手線の目白駅で、７月には東急田園都市線つくし野駅で、いずれも全盲の男性がホームから転落して死亡した。ホームは、視覚障害者にとって「死と隣り合わせの場所」とさえ言われている。
But there have been almost no accidental falls at railway stations equipped with platform doors.
一方で、ホームドア設置駅の転落事故数は、ほぼゼロだ。
===
Users set to bear cost
JR East has been installing the doors at all stations on the Yamanote Line with a budget of 50 billion yen, probably because the railway operator concluded the doors are highly effective in preventing platform accidents.
ＪＲ東日本が総額５００億円をかけ、山手線全駅で設置計画を進めているのも、その効果が大きいと判断したからだろう。
In a questionnaire given to train users recently by the transport ministry, about 60 percent of the respondents replied it is inevitable the public will have to bear part of the installation costs of platform doors in such forms as higher fares and taxes. A majority of people want railway station's safety enhanced even if it increases their financial burdens.
国交省が駅利用者を対象に実施したアンケートでは、設置費の一部を料金値上げや税金で負担するのは「やむを得ない」とした回答が全体の６割を占めた。
多少の負担があっても、駅の安全性を高めてほしいと願う人が多いことを物語っている。
To prevent the misery of railway accidents, it is very important not only to improve railway station facilities but also for railway firms and related organizations to make such day-to-day efforts as calling for disabled people to be heedful of possible dangers at railway stations.
悲惨な事故を防ぐには、施設の整備に加え、障害者への声かけなど日常的な取り組みも大切だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 18, 2011)
（2011年9月18日01時11分 読売新聞）
2011/09/19
復興増税―野田新体制の試金石だ
2011/09/18
--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 17
EDITORIAL: Tax increase plan 1st acid test of Noda's political leadership
復興増税―野田新体制の試金石だ
The government has proposed options for a temporary tax increase to finance measures to rebuild areas devastated by the Great East Japan Earthquake.
東日本大震災の復興財源の柱となる臨時増税について、政府が選択肢を示した。
The government Tax Commission came up with three different plans: increasing income and corporate taxes; raising the tobacco tax and some other levies in addition to raising income and corporate taxes; increasing the consumption tax rate. Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda then narrowed the choice to two by taking the consumption tax increase off the table.
増税対象として、政府税制調査会が（１）所得税及び法人税（２）この二つにたばこ税なども加える案（３）消費税の３案をまとめ、野田首相が消費税案を退けて２案に絞った。
The government has estimated that about 16 trillion yen of new money will have to be raised over the next five years. The figure doesn't include the 6 trillion yen that has been secured for the second supplementary budget, but includes the amount diverted into financing the extra budget from some revenue sources earmarked for basic pension benefit payouts.
政府が今後５年で必要と見込む財源は、２回の補正予算で確保した６兆円を除き、補正予算に流用した基礎年金財源分などを加えて１６兆円前後に達する。
The government will first issue special reconstruction bonds. The money needed to pay back the debt will be raised through a combination of the proposed temporary tax increase, spending cuts and sales of state assets and other measures to obtain nontax revenues. The expected increases in national and local taxes will total about 11 trillion yen.
まずは復興債を発行するが、その返済財源を臨時増税と歳出の見直し、国有財産の売却などで確保する。増税分は国と地方合わせて約１１兆円になる。
We have been urging the government to focus mainly on income and corporate taxes in the tax increase plan. We believe an additional income from a consumption tax increase should be used to pay for social security spending, which is bound to keep growing in coming years. We support Noda's decision.
私たちは、所得税と法人税を中心に検討するよう主張してきた。消費税は今後、膨張が避けられない社会保障費に充てるべきだと考えるからだ。野田首相の判断を支持したい。
As for the period of the income tax increase, the government's tax panel proposed two options--five years and 10 years. Noda has chosen the 10-year option.
所得税の増税期間について、政府税調は５年と１０年の２案を示したが、野田首相は「１０年」を指示した。
If an increase in the tobacco tax is not included in the package, tax payments by individual taxpayers will increase by 5.5 percent.
たばこ税の増税を絡めない場合、本来の納税額から５．５％増やすことになる。
Tax payments by companies will grow by 10 percent for three years. The 5-percent corporate tax cut and special tax breaks that were slated to be implemented this fiscal year will be curtailed.
The period was limited to three years in order to prevent the increased tax burden on businesses from causing negative effects on the economy or accelerating the hollowing-out of industries due to a growing trend among companies to shift production overseas.
法人税では今年度に予定していた５％幅の減税と租税特別措置の縮小を実現した上で、３年間に限って納税額を１０％増しにする。増税期間を短期間にとどめることで、景気への悪影響や空洞化への懸念に配慮した案になった。
Now the debate on the tax increase will move to the tax system council of the ruling Democratic Party of Japan. After the party came to power two years ago, the DPJ abolished the council under its policy of promoting centralized and integrated policymaking at the government. But the Noda administration has revived the panel in response to complaints among party members that they don't have enough opportunities to get involved in the policymaking process.
議論の舞台は、民主党税制調査会に移る。２年前の政権交代後、政策決定を政府に一元化する方針に従って廃止したが、政策決定にかかわれないという党内の不満を受けて野田政権が復活させた。
There are still many DPJ lawmakers who are opposed to or are skeptical about raising taxes, including executive members of the tax council.
党内では、税調の役員を含め増税への反対・慎重意見が少なくない。
It is important for the government to make serious efforts to minimize the tax increase.
もちろん、増税額を抑える取り組みは大切だ。
The measures that can be taken to do so are clearly not limited to the cuts in childcare allowances and the suspension of the plan to make expressways toll-free included in the DPJ's policy agreement with the opposition Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito. There must be other ways to trim government spending.
自公両党を加えた３党で合意した子ども手当の見直しや高速道路無料化の見送りにとどまらず、歳出はまだまだ見直せるはずだ。
The government's assets that have been cited as candidates for sale include the government's stakes in Japan Tobacco Inc. and Tokyo Metro Co. The government's asset portfolio should be scrutinized closely to determine other salable assets.
政府資産の売却では、ＪＴや東京メトロの政府保有株などが候補に挙げられている。ほかにもないか検証したい。
If, however, the government, in a desperate attempt to avoid a big tax increase, tries to sell assets for which the conditions for sales are not good or borrow money from special accounts, it would be adopting a wrong-headed approach to tackling the challenge.
だが、増税から逃げようとするあまり、売却の条件が整っていない資産に飛びついたり、特別会計から安易に借金したりしては本末転倒である。
The principle that the burden of reconstruction from the disaster should not be shifted to future generations has already been confirmed in the recently enacted basic law for the rebuilding work and the three-party policy agreement among the DPJ, the LDP and Komeito.
「復興に伴う負担を後の世代に先送りしない」という理念は、すでに成立した復興基本法や民自公の３党合意でも確認されている。
In line with this principle, the government should be straightforward with the public about the need of a tax increase and try to seek public support for the step while making flat-out efforts to eliminate unnecessary expenditures.
政府のムダを徹底的に削る作業を進めつつ、必要な増税は国民に正面から問いかけなければならない。
The tax increase initiative will sorely test the political mettle and prowess of the Noda administration.
税調を復活させた野田新体制の真価が問われる。
--The Asahi Shimbun, Sept. 17
EDITORIAL: Tax increase plan 1st acid test of Noda's political leadership
復興増税―野田新体制の試金石だ
The government has proposed options for a temporary tax increase to finance measures to rebuild areas devastated by the Great East Japan Earthquake.
東日本大震災の復興財源の柱となる臨時増税について、政府が選択肢を示した。
The government Tax Commission came up with three different plans: increasing income and corporate taxes; raising the tobacco tax and some other levies in addition to raising income and corporate taxes; increasing the consumption tax rate. Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda then narrowed the choice to two by taking the consumption tax increase off the table.
増税対象として、政府税制調査会が（１）所得税及び法人税（２）この二つにたばこ税なども加える案（３）消費税の３案をまとめ、野田首相が消費税案を退けて２案に絞った。
The government has estimated that about 16 trillion yen of new money will have to be raised over the next five years. The figure doesn't include the 6 trillion yen that has been secured for the second supplementary budget, but includes the amount diverted into financing the extra budget from some revenue sources earmarked for basic pension benefit payouts.
政府が今後５年で必要と見込む財源は、２回の補正予算で確保した６兆円を除き、補正予算に流用した基礎年金財源分などを加えて１６兆円前後に達する。
The government will first issue special reconstruction bonds. The money needed to pay back the debt will be raised through a combination of the proposed temporary tax increase, spending cuts and sales of state assets and other measures to obtain nontax revenues. The expected increases in national and local taxes will total about 11 trillion yen.
まずは復興債を発行するが、その返済財源を臨時増税と歳出の見直し、国有財産の売却などで確保する。増税分は国と地方合わせて約１１兆円になる。
We have been urging the government to focus mainly on income and corporate taxes in the tax increase plan. We believe an additional income from a consumption tax increase should be used to pay for social security spending, which is bound to keep growing in coming years. We support Noda's decision.
私たちは、所得税と法人税を中心に検討するよう主張してきた。消費税は今後、膨張が避けられない社会保障費に充てるべきだと考えるからだ。野田首相の判断を支持したい。
As for the period of the income tax increase, the government's tax panel proposed two options--five years and 10 years. Noda has chosen the 10-year option.
所得税の増税期間について、政府税調は５年と１０年の２案を示したが、野田首相は「１０年」を指示した。
If an increase in the tobacco tax is not included in the package, tax payments by individual taxpayers will increase by 5.5 percent.
たばこ税の増税を絡めない場合、本来の納税額から５．５％増やすことになる。
Tax payments by companies will grow by 10 percent for three years. The 5-percent corporate tax cut and special tax breaks that were slated to be implemented this fiscal year will be curtailed.
The period was limited to three years in order to prevent the increased tax burden on businesses from causing negative effects on the economy or accelerating the hollowing-out of industries due to a growing trend among companies to shift production overseas.
法人税では今年度に予定していた５％幅の減税と租税特別措置の縮小を実現した上で、３年間に限って納税額を１０％増しにする。増税期間を短期間にとどめることで、景気への悪影響や空洞化への懸念に配慮した案になった。
Now the debate on the tax increase will move to the tax system council of the ruling Democratic Party of Japan. After the party came to power two years ago, the DPJ abolished the council under its policy of promoting centralized and integrated policymaking at the government. But the Noda administration has revived the panel in response to complaints among party members that they don't have enough opportunities to get involved in the policymaking process.
議論の舞台は、民主党税制調査会に移る。２年前の政権交代後、政策決定を政府に一元化する方針に従って廃止したが、政策決定にかかわれないという党内の不満を受けて野田政権が復活させた。
There are still many DPJ lawmakers who are opposed to or are skeptical about raising taxes, including executive members of the tax council.
党内では、税調の役員を含め増税への反対・慎重意見が少なくない。
It is important for the government to make serious efforts to minimize the tax increase.
もちろん、増税額を抑える取り組みは大切だ。
The measures that can be taken to do so are clearly not limited to the cuts in childcare allowances and the suspension of the plan to make expressways toll-free included in the DPJ's policy agreement with the opposition Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito. There must be other ways to trim government spending.
自公両党を加えた３党で合意した子ども手当の見直しや高速道路無料化の見送りにとどまらず、歳出はまだまだ見直せるはずだ。
The government's assets that have been cited as candidates for sale include the government's stakes in Japan Tobacco Inc. and Tokyo Metro Co. The government's asset portfolio should be scrutinized closely to determine other salable assets.
政府資産の売却では、ＪＴや東京メトロの政府保有株などが候補に挙げられている。ほかにもないか検証したい。
If, however, the government, in a desperate attempt to avoid a big tax increase, tries to sell assets for which the conditions for sales are not good or borrow money from special accounts, it would be adopting a wrong-headed approach to tackling the challenge.
だが、増税から逃げようとするあまり、売却の条件が整っていない資産に飛びついたり、特別会計から安易に借金したりしては本末転倒である。
The principle that the burden of reconstruction from the disaster should not be shifted to future generations has already been confirmed in the recently enacted basic law for the rebuilding work and the three-party policy agreement among the DPJ, the LDP and Komeito.
「復興に伴う負担を後の世代に先送りしない」という理念は、すでに成立した復興基本法や民自公の３党合意でも確認されている。
In line with this principle, the government should be straightforward with the public about the need of a tax increase and try to seek public support for the step while making flat-out efforts to eliminate unnecessary expenditures.
政府のムダを徹底的に削る作業を進めつつ、必要な増税は国民に正面から問いかけなければならない。
The tax increase initiative will sorely test the political mettle and prowess of the Noda administration.
税調を復活させた野田新体制の真価が問われる。
2011/09/18
日本版ＧＰＳ 宇宙開発の先導役目指したい
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 17, 2011)
Japanese GPS the next step in space development
日本版ＧＰＳ 宇宙開発の先導役目指したい（9月16日付・読売社説）
The government's Strategy Headquarters for Space Development has finalized a plan to construct a Japanese version of the Global Positioning System.
日本版の全地球測位システム（ＧＰＳ）を構築する方針を、政府の宇宙開発戦略本部の専門調査会がまとめた。
The envisaged system is expected to stimulate various industries in Japan. The United States, operator of the existing GPS network, welcomes the idea of linking up with a Japanese counterpart from a security point of view. We expect the government to decide the details of the plan quickly, realizing it as the vanguard of Japan's space development.
これを活用した産業活性化が期待されている。米国も安全保障の観点から日米連携を歓迎している。日本の宇宙開発の先導役となるよう、詰めを急ぎ、実現を目指してもらいたい。
The GPS, which is used in devices such as car navigation systems, analyzes radio waves received from U.S. satellites, using them to calculate the receiver's precise location on Earth. The GPS, originally developed by the U.S. military, covers the whole world.
カーナビに使われているＧＰＳは、米国の人工衛星からの電波を解析し、地上の位置を割り出している。もとは米軍が開発したもので、全世界をカバーしている。
The envisaged Japanese system would cover mainly the Japanese archipelago and surrounding areas. Four to seven quasi-zenith satellites would be launched for the system, which would fly above Japan and Australia in figure-eight loops.
日本版ＧＰＳは、日本から豪州までの上空を、８の字形に周回する「準天頂衛星」を４～７基打ち上げて使う。主に日本列島と周辺地域に対象を絞ったものだ。
This system has a few advantages. For instance, since at least one satellite would be above Japan at all times, there should be no blind spots. Also the accuracy of positioning would be improved, with the margin of error reduced to one meter or less.
常に１基以上が日本の上空に位置することになり、電波の死角がないといった利点がある。位置を割り出す精度が上がり、１メートル単位の測位も可能になるという。
===
GPS for various uses
In the case of the U.S. system, the benefits of space development have been utilized in many aspects of daily life, such as mobile phones. We hope more such benefits will be realized as a result of the establishment of the Japanese system.
米ＧＰＳは携帯電話をはじめ幅広く活用され、宇宙開発の成果が暮らしに生かされている。日本版の構築で、さらに広げたい。
For instance, the network would be useful in automobile collision-avoidance systems, navigation systems to assist aged or handicapped people and precise management of mechanized fertilization on large farms.
たとえば、高齢者や障害者の歩行用“カーナビ”や、自動車の衝突警報、大規模農地での精密な施肥管理などに役立ちそうだ。
Since the Great East Japan Earthquake, another possible use of the satellite system for disaster management has been attracting attention. Even if a disaster severs ground communication networks, the satellite system could obtain a broad array of information to assess damage. With the system, it will also become possible to proceed efficiently with the remote-controlled work of cleaning up radioactive contamination at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.
東日本大震災後は、防災への応用も注目されている。地上通信網が途絶しても、広域の被災状況を把握できよう。福島第一原子力発電所事故の放射能汚染でも、遠隔操作による除去作業を効率的に進めることが可能になる。
China and European countries are also working actively on construction of their own GPS networks.
欧州や中国も、独自のＧＰＳ構築に積極的だ。
The Beidou navigation system, the Chinese version of the GPS, is expected to go into service soon. Japan cannot sit passively by and watch China's moves as it increases its influence in economic and military fields. If the Japanese GPS is promoted in other Asian countries, Japan can enhance its partnerships with them. The system would thus become significant in terms of security.
中国版「北斗」は運用開始が近い。経済、軍事で影響力を拡大しようとする中国の動きは座視できない。日本版ＧＰＳをアジア地域で普及させれば、各国との連携が進み、安全保障上も重要な意義を持つだろう。
===
Problems for space project
However, there are more than a few problems.
ただ、課題も少なくない。
First, it would cost a huge amount of money. Launching four to seven satellites would cost 170 billion yen to 290 billion yen in total. The government must find a way to give this plan a higher priority than other space projects that are currently deemed equally important.
巨額の予算を要する。４～７基の衛星打ち上げに１７００億～２９００億円かかる。他の重要な宇宙プロジェクトとの間で優先順位を上げる工夫が必要だ。
Japan's space industry must overcome several hurdles before it is able to manufacture and launch satellites on its own.
衛星の製造、打ち上げを日本の宇宙産業が担うためには、乗り越えるべき関門がある。
In 1990, Tokyo and Washington agreed to procure commercial satellites by public tender to alleviate trade friction between the two countries.
日米は１９９０年、貿易摩擦を緩和するため、実用衛星については公開入札することで合意している。
However, if a U.S. company succeeds in accepting orders for quasi-zenith satellites to be used in this project, the Japanese space industry will get into a business jam. The government must ask the United States to consider this project as an exception to the 1990 agreement.
だが、準天頂衛星を米企業に受注されては、日本の宇宙産業は窮地に陥ってしまう。米国には例外扱いを求めねばならない。
Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda has expressed his ambitions for space development. He should exercise his leadership to solve this difficult problem.
野田首相は、宇宙開発への意欲を示している。難題の解決にリーダーシップを発揮すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 16, 2011)
（2011年9月16日01時14分 読売新聞）
Japanese GPS the next step in space development
日本版ＧＰＳ 宇宙開発の先導役目指したい（9月16日付・読売社説）
The government's Strategy Headquarters for Space Development has finalized a plan to construct a Japanese version of the Global Positioning System.
日本版の全地球測位システム（ＧＰＳ）を構築する方針を、政府の宇宙開発戦略本部の専門調査会がまとめた。
The envisaged system is expected to stimulate various industries in Japan. The United States, operator of the existing GPS network, welcomes the idea of linking up with a Japanese counterpart from a security point of view. We expect the government to decide the details of the plan quickly, realizing it as the vanguard of Japan's space development.
これを活用した産業活性化が期待されている。米国も安全保障の観点から日米連携を歓迎している。日本の宇宙開発の先導役となるよう、詰めを急ぎ、実現を目指してもらいたい。
The GPS, which is used in devices such as car navigation systems, analyzes radio waves received from U.S. satellites, using them to calculate the receiver's precise location on Earth. The GPS, originally developed by the U.S. military, covers the whole world.
カーナビに使われているＧＰＳは、米国の人工衛星からの電波を解析し、地上の位置を割り出している。もとは米軍が開発したもので、全世界をカバーしている。
The envisaged Japanese system would cover mainly the Japanese archipelago and surrounding areas. Four to seven quasi-zenith satellites would be launched for the system, which would fly above Japan and Australia in figure-eight loops.
日本版ＧＰＳは、日本から豪州までの上空を、８の字形に周回する「準天頂衛星」を４～７基打ち上げて使う。主に日本列島と周辺地域に対象を絞ったものだ。
This system has a few advantages. For instance, since at least one satellite would be above Japan at all times, there should be no blind spots. Also the accuracy of positioning would be improved, with the margin of error reduced to one meter or less.
常に１基以上が日本の上空に位置することになり、電波の死角がないといった利点がある。位置を割り出す精度が上がり、１メートル単位の測位も可能になるという。
===
GPS for various uses
In the case of the U.S. system, the benefits of space development have been utilized in many aspects of daily life, such as mobile phones. We hope more such benefits will be realized as a result of the establishment of the Japanese system.
米ＧＰＳは携帯電話をはじめ幅広く活用され、宇宙開発の成果が暮らしに生かされている。日本版の構築で、さらに広げたい。
For instance, the network would be useful in automobile collision-avoidance systems, navigation systems to assist aged or handicapped people and precise management of mechanized fertilization on large farms.
たとえば、高齢者や障害者の歩行用“カーナビ”や、自動車の衝突警報、大規模農地での精密な施肥管理などに役立ちそうだ。
Since the Great East Japan Earthquake, another possible use of the satellite system for disaster management has been attracting attention. Even if a disaster severs ground communication networks, the satellite system could obtain a broad array of information to assess damage. With the system, it will also become possible to proceed efficiently with the remote-controlled work of cleaning up radioactive contamination at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.
東日本大震災後は、防災への応用も注目されている。地上通信網が途絶しても、広域の被災状況を把握できよう。福島第一原子力発電所事故の放射能汚染でも、遠隔操作による除去作業を効率的に進めることが可能になる。
China and European countries are also working actively on construction of their own GPS networks.
欧州や中国も、独自のＧＰＳ構築に積極的だ。
The Beidou navigation system, the Chinese version of the GPS, is expected to go into service soon. Japan cannot sit passively by and watch China's moves as it increases its influence in economic and military fields. If the Japanese GPS is promoted in other Asian countries, Japan can enhance its partnerships with them. The system would thus become significant in terms of security.
中国版「北斗」は運用開始が近い。経済、軍事で影響力を拡大しようとする中国の動きは座視できない。日本版ＧＰＳをアジア地域で普及させれば、各国との連携が進み、安全保障上も重要な意義を持つだろう。
===
Problems for space project
However, there are more than a few problems.
ただ、課題も少なくない。
First, it would cost a huge amount of money. Launching four to seven satellites would cost 170 billion yen to 290 billion yen in total. The government must find a way to give this plan a higher priority than other space projects that are currently deemed equally important.
巨額の予算を要する。４～７基の衛星打ち上げに１７００億～２９００億円かかる。他の重要な宇宙プロジェクトとの間で優先順位を上げる工夫が必要だ。
Japan's space industry must overcome several hurdles before it is able to manufacture and launch satellites on its own.
衛星の製造、打ち上げを日本の宇宙産業が担うためには、乗り越えるべき関門がある。
In 1990, Tokyo and Washington agreed to procure commercial satellites by public tender to alleviate trade friction between the two countries.
日米は１９９０年、貿易摩擦を緩和するため、実用衛星については公開入札することで合意している。
However, if a U.S. company succeeds in accepting orders for quasi-zenith satellites to be used in this project, the Japanese space industry will get into a business jam. The government must ask the United States to consider this project as an exception to the 1990 agreement.
だが、準天頂衛星を米企業に受注されては、日本の宇宙産業は窮地に陥ってしまう。米国には例外扱いを求めねばならない。
Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda has expressed his ambitions for space development. He should exercise his leadership to solve this difficult problem.
野田首相は、宇宙開発への意欲を示している。難題の解決にリーダーシップを発揮すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 16, 2011)
（2011年9月16日01時14分 読売新聞）
2011/09/17
代表質問 与野党協調の国会へ転換せよ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 16, 2011)
Ruling, opposition parties need to cooperate in Diet
代表質問 与野党協調の国会へ転換せよ（9月15日付・読売社説）
The public is watching the ruling and opposition parties closely, to see whether they can do away with unproductive confrontation and cooperate with each other.
与野党が不毛な対立を脱し、協力し合えるかどうかが問われている。
Representatives of political parties have begun to ask questions about the policy speech Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda delivered at the Diet.
野田首相の所信表明演説に対する各党の代表質問が始まった。
Noda has been responding in a detached tone, similar to what he used when delivering his policy speech. Perhaps having learned from the bad example of former Prime Minister Naoto Kan, Noda did not get riled up at provocative questions. We understand his humble attitude in requesting cooperation from opposition parties.
首相の答弁は、所信表明演説と同様、淡々とした語り口だった。菅前首相を反面教師としたのだろう。挑発的な質問にムキになることもなかった。低姿勢で野党に協力を求めるのは理解できる。
Concerning the three-party policy agreement between the Democratic Party of Japan, Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito, LDP President Sadakazu Tanigaki said, "I can't help but have serious doubts whether the agreement will be kept."
自民党の谷垣総裁は、民主党の政権公約（マニフェスト）見直しを前提とする民主、自民、公明の３党合意について、「守られるかどうか、大きな危惧を抱かざるを得ない」と指摘した。
A key premise of the agreement was a review of the DPJ's 2009 House of Representatives election manifesto.
Tanigaki made this statement because Noda prioritized intraparty conciliation and appointed people who are reluctant to review the manifesto to key posts in the Cabinet and the DPJ.
首相が党内融和を優先し、内閣や党人事でマニフェスト見直し慎重派も要職に起用したからだ。
===
3-party policy agreement
Noda emphasized again he would implement policies based on the three-party agreement. Concerning a review of the child-rearing allowance system in particular, Noda said, "I hope the three parties will sufficiently discuss the matter to work out a new system by the end of the year."
His remark appears to indicate that he respects the process of cooperation among the three parties.
首相は「政策は３党合意を踏まえて進めていく」と改めて強調した。特に、子ども手当の見直しについて、「３党で十分に協議し、年末までに制度をまとめてほしい」と述べたのは、民自公の協調路線を重視する意向の表れだ。
However, concerning the resignation of Yoshio Hachiro as economy, trade and industry minister, Noda only said, "It is quite regrettable" and did not talk about his own responsibility in appointing Hachiro.
だが、鉢呂吉雄前経済産業相の辞任に関して、首相は「誠に残念だ」と述べるにとどめ、自らの任命責任には言及しなかった。
Noda previously said he put "the right people in the right posts," and we regret he did not explain his choices.
首相が言う「適材適所」について説明がなかったことも残念だ。
Tanigaki criticized the ruling parties for the fact that the current extraordinary Diet session will last only four days, saying they were "taking Diet business extremely lightly."
与党が臨時国会の会期をわずか４日間にしたことについて、谷垣氏は「国会軽視も甚だしい」と批判した。
If Noda attaches importance to "thorough debate and dialogue" with opposition parties, he must acquiesce to all seven opposition parties' request that the Diet session be extended.
首相は野党との「徹底的な議論と対話」を重視するなら、野党７党がそろって求める会期延長に応じるべきではないか。
===
Realistic stance from Noda
Noda generally took a realistic stance toward immediate policy issues.
当面の政策課題に関しては、首相の現実的な姿勢が目立った。
For instance, he denied "a dichotomy between zero nuclear power and promotion" of nuclear power generation, and sought to achieve the best combination of safe, stable energy sources.
例えば、原子力発電では「脱原発と推進という二項対立」を否定し、「安心できるエネルギーのベストミックス」を目指すとした。
He clearly stated the government will restart operations at nuclear power stations following regular inspections, once their safety has been thoroughly verified and confirmed.
定期検査後の再稼働も言明した。
It is a matter of course for him not to continue Kan's irresponsible "zero nuclear power" initiative.
菅前首相の無責任な「脱原発」路線を継承しないのは当然だ。
On the Trans-Pacific Partnership multinational trade framework, Noda said only, "We will strategically pursue a conclusion of a high-level economic partnership agreement." He must swiftly decide that Japan will participate in negotiations on the TPP.
環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）については、「高いレベルの経済連携協定の締結を戦略的に追求する」と述べただけだった。ＴＰＰ参加を早急に決断すべきだ。
At this juncture, when the divided Diet has coincided with a national crisis, opposition parties also bear a heavy responsibility.
ねじれ国会と国難が重なる今、野党が担う責任も重い。
Tanigaki acknowledged recovery and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake as "a responsibility beyond party boundaries" and declared his party would cooperate fully with the administration.
谷垣氏は大震災の復旧・復興を「党派を超えた責務」と認め、政権への全面的協力を明言した。
In that case, Tanigaki should participate in discussions between the ruling and opposition sides aimed at early passage of a third supplementary budget for this fiscal year to finance full-fledged restoration programs.
そう言う以上は、本格的な復興のための第３次補正予算案の早期成立に向け、与野党協議に応じるのが筋である。
The LDP is scheduled to shuffle its lineup of major party posts shortly. The party needs to have an appropriate executive lineup to conduct discussions with the DPJ.
自民党は近く、執行部人事を予定している。与党との協議を進めるため、それにふさわしい体制を整える必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 15, 2011)
（2011年9月15日01時13分 読売新聞）
Ruling, opposition parties need to cooperate in Diet
代表質問 与野党協調の国会へ転換せよ（9月15日付・読売社説）
The public is watching the ruling and opposition parties closely, to see whether they can do away with unproductive confrontation and cooperate with each other.
与野党が不毛な対立を脱し、協力し合えるかどうかが問われている。
Representatives of political parties have begun to ask questions about the policy speech Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda delivered at the Diet.
野田首相の所信表明演説に対する各党の代表質問が始まった。
Noda has been responding in a detached tone, similar to what he used when delivering his policy speech. Perhaps having learned from the bad example of former Prime Minister Naoto Kan, Noda did not get riled up at provocative questions. We understand his humble attitude in requesting cooperation from opposition parties.
首相の答弁は、所信表明演説と同様、淡々とした語り口だった。菅前首相を反面教師としたのだろう。挑発的な質問にムキになることもなかった。低姿勢で野党に協力を求めるのは理解できる。
Concerning the three-party policy agreement between the Democratic Party of Japan, Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito, LDP President Sadakazu Tanigaki said, "I can't help but have serious doubts whether the agreement will be kept."
自民党の谷垣総裁は、民主党の政権公約（マニフェスト）見直しを前提とする民主、自民、公明の３党合意について、「守られるかどうか、大きな危惧を抱かざるを得ない」と指摘した。
A key premise of the agreement was a review of the DPJ's 2009 House of Representatives election manifesto.
Tanigaki made this statement because Noda prioritized intraparty conciliation and appointed people who are reluctant to review the manifesto to key posts in the Cabinet and the DPJ.
首相が党内融和を優先し、内閣や党人事でマニフェスト見直し慎重派も要職に起用したからだ。
===
3-party policy agreement
Noda emphasized again he would implement policies based on the three-party agreement. Concerning a review of the child-rearing allowance system in particular, Noda said, "I hope the three parties will sufficiently discuss the matter to work out a new system by the end of the year."
His remark appears to indicate that he respects the process of cooperation among the three parties.
首相は「政策は３党合意を踏まえて進めていく」と改めて強調した。特に、子ども手当の見直しについて、「３党で十分に協議し、年末までに制度をまとめてほしい」と述べたのは、民自公の協調路線を重視する意向の表れだ。
However, concerning the resignation of Yoshio Hachiro as economy, trade and industry minister, Noda only said, "It is quite regrettable" and did not talk about his own responsibility in appointing Hachiro.
だが、鉢呂吉雄前経済産業相の辞任に関して、首相は「誠に残念だ」と述べるにとどめ、自らの任命責任には言及しなかった。
Noda previously said he put "the right people in the right posts," and we regret he did not explain his choices.
首相が言う「適材適所」について説明がなかったことも残念だ。
Tanigaki criticized the ruling parties for the fact that the current extraordinary Diet session will last only four days, saying they were "taking Diet business extremely lightly."
与党が臨時国会の会期をわずか４日間にしたことについて、谷垣氏は「国会軽視も甚だしい」と批判した。
If Noda attaches importance to "thorough debate and dialogue" with opposition parties, he must acquiesce to all seven opposition parties' request that the Diet session be extended.
首相は野党との「徹底的な議論と対話」を重視するなら、野党７党がそろって求める会期延長に応じるべきではないか。
===
Realistic stance from Noda
Noda generally took a realistic stance toward immediate policy issues.
当面の政策課題に関しては、首相の現実的な姿勢が目立った。
For instance, he denied "a dichotomy between zero nuclear power and promotion" of nuclear power generation, and sought to achieve the best combination of safe, stable energy sources.
例えば、原子力発電では「脱原発と推進という二項対立」を否定し、「安心できるエネルギーのベストミックス」を目指すとした。
He clearly stated the government will restart operations at nuclear power stations following regular inspections, once their safety has been thoroughly verified and confirmed.
定期検査後の再稼働も言明した。
It is a matter of course for him not to continue Kan's irresponsible "zero nuclear power" initiative.
菅前首相の無責任な「脱原発」路線を継承しないのは当然だ。
On the Trans-Pacific Partnership multinational trade framework, Noda said only, "We will strategically pursue a conclusion of a high-level economic partnership agreement." He must swiftly decide that Japan will participate in negotiations on the TPP.
環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）については、「高いレベルの経済連携協定の締結を戦略的に追求する」と述べただけだった。ＴＰＰ参加を早急に決断すべきだ。
At this juncture, when the divided Diet has coincided with a national crisis, opposition parties also bear a heavy responsibility.
ねじれ国会と国難が重なる今、野党が担う責任も重い。
Tanigaki acknowledged recovery and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake as "a responsibility beyond party boundaries" and declared his party would cooperate fully with the administration.
谷垣氏は大震災の復旧・復興を「党派を超えた責務」と認め、政権への全面的協力を明言した。
In that case, Tanigaki should participate in discussions between the ruling and opposition sides aimed at early passage of a third supplementary budget for this fiscal year to finance full-fledged restoration programs.
そう言う以上は、本格的な復興のための第３次補正予算案の早期成立に向け、与野党協議に応じるのが筋である。
The LDP is scheduled to shuffle its lineup of major party posts shortly. The party needs to have an appropriate executive lineup to conduct discussions with the DPJ.
自民党は近く、執行部人事を予定している。与党との協議を進めるため、それにふさわしい体制を整える必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 15, 2011)
（2011年9月15日01時13分 読売新聞）
2011/09/16
所信表明演説 日本再生へ具体的な行動を
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 15, 2011)
To rebuild Tohoku, first rebuild trust
所信表明演説 日本再生へ具体的な行動を（9月14日付・読売社説）
The Democratic Party of Japan-led administration and the nation's politics as a whole are now on the very edge. It is essential for the government to do its utmost to carry out important policies with urgency and seriousness.
日本の政治も民主党政権も今、瀬戸際にある。その危機感を持ち、重要政策の実現に全力を挙げることが肝要だ。
On Tuesday, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda delivered his first policy speech at the Diet since taking office.
野田首相が就任後初の所信表明演説を行った。
The stagnant state of Japanese politics has come under scrutiny by other countries. Noda said the trust that Japan has accumulated over the years is now at risk. He also said the government and the Diet should fulfill their roles "to restore hope and pride to Japan."
政治の停滞に対する海外の視線は厳しい。これまで積み上げてきた「国家の信用」が危機にひんしている。「希望と誇りある日本を再生する」ため、政府と国会は自らの役割を果たすべきだ――。
We have no objection to Noda's view of the current situation. The problem is how to take concrete action to restore trust and revitalize the nation.
そうした首相の現状認識に異論はない。問題は、「国家の信用」を回復し、日本を再生するための具体的な行動をどう取るかだ。
In his policy speech, Noda said restoration of social infrastructure and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake are among his Cabinet's top priorities, and emphasized that the government will speed up the compilation of a third supplementary budget.
首相は演説で、東日本大震災からの復旧・復興を内閣の「最優先課題」と位置づけ、第３次補正予算編成を急ぐ考えを強調した。
Six months have passed since the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, but restoration of social infrastructure and reconstruction of areas affected by the disaster have been significantly delayed. This is because politicians failed to exercise leadership and bureaucrats simply put the problem off.
震災から半年間、復旧・復興は大幅に遅れている。政治の指導力が発揮されず、官僚も問題先送りの姿勢に終始したためだ。
===
Show respect for bureaucrats
An urgent task is to rebuild the relationship between politicians and bureaucrats. Noda needs to thoroughly instill among ministers, senior vice ministers and parliamentary secretaries a mind-set in which politicians and bureaucrats work on tasks together. The Noda administration can be praised for its decision to reinstate administrative vice ministers' meetings, which is a positive step.
政官関係の立て直しが急務だ。首相は、政治家と官僚が一体で課題に取り組むという発想を、各府省の閣僚ら政務三役に徹底させる必要がある。事務次官会議を事実上復活させたのは、前向きな一歩と評価できる。
It is important for politicians to set policy priorities themselves and take responsibility for the results, but it is also essential for them to humbly listen to bureaucrats' technical opinions, to motivate them and to elicit and utilize their abilities to the maximum extent.
政治家が自ら政策の優先順位を判断し、結果に責任を持つ一方、官僚の専門的意見に謙虚に耳を傾け、その能力と意欲を最大限引き出し、活用することが重要だ。
Noda also announced in his policy speech that the government will establish a new body tentatively called the "national strategy council" that will gather wisdom from academia, government and the private sector to achieve economic growth and restore fiscal soundness. He will charge the council with drawing up by the end of this year a strategy to revitalize Japan.
首相はまた、経済成長と財政健全化の両立に向け、産官学の英知を集めた「国家戦略会議」（仮称）を創設し、年内に日本再生の戦略を策定する方針を表明した。
It is proper and appropriate for the government to cooperate with the business sector to effectively deal with the hollowing-out of industry and the yen's surge after the March 11 disaster.
震災後の産業空洞化や円高に効果的に対処するため、経済界と緊密に連携するのは当然だ。
===
Undo damage done by Kan
Economic policy went astray under the administration of former Prime Minister Naoto Kan due to his impromptu responses, and trust between the government and business groups was damaged. It is vital for Japan to work as one to overcome the current national crisis.
菅政権では、前首相の場当たり的対応で経済政策が迷走し、経済団体との信頼関係も損なわれた。国家の危機克服には、オールジャパンの取り組みが欠かせない。
Noda also announced that the government will submit to the ordinary Diet session next year bills related to integrated social security and tax reforms that include a consumption tax rate hike. He called for discussions between the ruling and opposition parties on the matter as quickly as possible.
野田首相は演説で、消費税率引き上げを伴う社会保障と税の一体改革の関連法案を来年の通常国会に提出する方針を表明し、与野党協議の早期開催を呼びかけた。
To pass those bills under the current divided Diet, it is imperative for the government and ruling parties to approach discussions with the opposition with "seishin seii" (sincere spirit and just intent), a Japanese term used by Noda.
衆参ねじれ国会で法案を成立させるには、政府・与党が、首相の言う「正心誠意」の精神で野党と話し合うことが不可欠だ。
Yet, the ruling parties decided to hold the extraordinary Diet session for a mere four days, the better to dodge questioning by the opposition. This is unreasonable. The ruling parties must repair strained ties with the opposition by holding examinations at the Budget Committee during a Diet recess as soon as possible.
それなのに、野党の追及を避けることばかりを優先し、臨時国会をわずか４日間で閉じるのは、おかしい。できるだけ早期に予算委員会の閉会中審査を行い、野党との関係を修復せねばなるまい。
The Liberal Democratic Party and other opposition parties also should be aware of their responsibility to revitalize Japan as they enter discussions with the ruling parties.
自民党など野党も、日本再生の責任の一端を担っている自覚を持ち、与野党協議に臨むべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 14, 2011)
（2011年9月14日01時09分 読売新聞）
To rebuild Tohoku, first rebuild trust
所信表明演説 日本再生へ具体的な行動を（9月14日付・読売社説）
The Democratic Party of Japan-led administration and the nation's politics as a whole are now on the very edge. It is essential for the government to do its utmost to carry out important policies with urgency and seriousness.
日本の政治も民主党政権も今、瀬戸際にある。その危機感を持ち、重要政策の実現に全力を挙げることが肝要だ。
On Tuesday, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda delivered his first policy speech at the Diet since taking office.
野田首相が就任後初の所信表明演説を行った。
The stagnant state of Japanese politics has come under scrutiny by other countries. Noda said the trust that Japan has accumulated over the years is now at risk. He also said the government and the Diet should fulfill their roles "to restore hope and pride to Japan."
政治の停滞に対する海外の視線は厳しい。これまで積み上げてきた「国家の信用」が危機にひんしている。「希望と誇りある日本を再生する」ため、政府と国会は自らの役割を果たすべきだ――。
We have no objection to Noda's view of the current situation. The problem is how to take concrete action to restore trust and revitalize the nation.
そうした首相の現状認識に異論はない。問題は、「国家の信用」を回復し、日本を再生するための具体的な行動をどう取るかだ。
In his policy speech, Noda said restoration of social infrastructure and reconstruction from the Great East Japan Earthquake are among his Cabinet's top priorities, and emphasized that the government will speed up the compilation of a third supplementary budget.
首相は演説で、東日本大震災からの復旧・復興を内閣の「最優先課題」と位置づけ、第３次補正予算編成を急ぐ考えを強調した。
Six months have passed since the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, but restoration of social infrastructure and reconstruction of areas affected by the disaster have been significantly delayed. This is because politicians failed to exercise leadership and bureaucrats simply put the problem off.
震災から半年間、復旧・復興は大幅に遅れている。政治の指導力が発揮されず、官僚も問題先送りの姿勢に終始したためだ。
===
Show respect for bureaucrats
An urgent task is to rebuild the relationship between politicians and bureaucrats. Noda needs to thoroughly instill among ministers, senior vice ministers and parliamentary secretaries a mind-set in which politicians and bureaucrats work on tasks together. The Noda administration can be praised for its decision to reinstate administrative vice ministers' meetings, which is a positive step.
政官関係の立て直しが急務だ。首相は、政治家と官僚が一体で課題に取り組むという発想を、各府省の閣僚ら政務三役に徹底させる必要がある。事務次官会議を事実上復活させたのは、前向きな一歩と評価できる。
It is important for politicians to set policy priorities themselves and take responsibility for the results, but it is also essential for them to humbly listen to bureaucrats' technical opinions, to motivate them and to elicit and utilize their abilities to the maximum extent.
政治家が自ら政策の優先順位を判断し、結果に責任を持つ一方、官僚の専門的意見に謙虚に耳を傾け、その能力と意欲を最大限引き出し、活用することが重要だ。
Noda also announced in his policy speech that the government will establish a new body tentatively called the "national strategy council" that will gather wisdom from academia, government and the private sector to achieve economic growth and restore fiscal soundness. He will charge the council with drawing up by the end of this year a strategy to revitalize Japan.
首相はまた、経済成長と財政健全化の両立に向け、産官学の英知を集めた「国家戦略会議」（仮称）を創設し、年内に日本再生の戦略を策定する方針を表明した。
It is proper and appropriate for the government to cooperate with the business sector to effectively deal with the hollowing-out of industry and the yen's surge after the March 11 disaster.
震災後の産業空洞化や円高に効果的に対処するため、経済界と緊密に連携するのは当然だ。
===
Undo damage done by Kan
Economic policy went astray under the administration of former Prime Minister Naoto Kan due to his impromptu responses, and trust between the government and business groups was damaged. It is vital for Japan to work as one to overcome the current national crisis.
菅政権では、前首相の場当たり的対応で経済政策が迷走し、経済団体との信頼関係も損なわれた。国家の危機克服には、オールジャパンの取り組みが欠かせない。
Noda also announced that the government will submit to the ordinary Diet session next year bills related to integrated social security and tax reforms that include a consumption tax rate hike. He called for discussions between the ruling and opposition parties on the matter as quickly as possible.
野田首相は演説で、消費税率引き上げを伴う社会保障と税の一体改革の関連法案を来年の通常国会に提出する方針を表明し、与野党協議の早期開催を呼びかけた。
To pass those bills under the current divided Diet, it is imperative for the government and ruling parties to approach discussions with the opposition with "seishin seii" (sincere spirit and just intent), a Japanese term used by Noda.
衆参ねじれ国会で法案を成立させるには、政府・与党が、首相の言う「正心誠意」の精神で野党と話し合うことが不可欠だ。
Yet, the ruling parties decided to hold the extraordinary Diet session for a mere four days, the better to dodge questioning by the opposition. This is unreasonable. The ruling parties must repair strained ties with the opposition by holding examinations at the Budget Committee during a Diet recess as soon as possible.
それなのに、野党の追及を避けることばかりを優先し、臨時国会をわずか４日間で閉じるのは、おかしい。できるだけ早期に予算委員会の閉会中審査を行い、野党との関係を修復せねばなるまい。
The Liberal Democratic Party and other opposition parties also should be aware of their responsibility to revitalize Japan as they enter discussions with the ruling parties.
自民党など野党も、日本再生の責任の一端を担っている自覚を持ち、与野党協議に臨むべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 14, 2011)
（2011年9月14日01時09分 読売新聞）
2011/09/15
火論：幼い目が見ている＝玉木研二
(Mainichi Japan) September 13, 2011
Children's watchful eyes see though prejudice
火論：幼い目が見ている＝玉木研二
＜ｋａ－ｒｏｎ＞
There is a traffic light for pedestrians just outside one of the exits at Jimbocho Station on the Tokyo Metro subway system.
東京都営地下鉄神保町駅のある出口を出ると、狭い道ながら歩行者用信号機が付いている。
Even if no cars are seen nearby, most pedestrians strictly observe the signal because of a nearby signboard that says, "Children are watching your behavior." The notice appears to be effective.
車影が全くなくとも信号を守るのは看板の言葉の力ゆえだろう。これは効く。
＜子供が見ています＞
It is painful to cover accidents and incidents in which children are victimized.
子供が巻き込まれた事件事故を取材するほどつらいことはない。
It would be horrifying to imagine what would happen if children saw adults ignore the traffic lights and themselves did the same thing.
この信号無視を幼い目が見てまねしたら、と想像するだけで足はすくむ。
It is important to feel children's watchful eyes in considering the government's slow response to the ongoing crisis at the tsunami-hit Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant, as well as over groundless rumors about radiation contamination and some adults' insensitive behavior, such as the former economy, trade and industry minister's nuclear gaffe, which forced him to step down.
福島の原発事故災害で後手に回った対応のほか、根拠のない風評や心ない言動の対策を考える時、常に子供の視線を感じ取っていたい。
「放射能をつけたぞ」という趣旨の発言などで引責辞任した前経済産業相の問題では、それを強く感じた。
The minister's remark reminded me of another gaffe during a Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly session in July 1976 when a medical expenses subsidy system for the offspring of hibakusha, or atomic-bombing victims, was up for deliberation.
この問題は３５年前の東京都議会のある「放言」も想起させた。１９７６年７月、被爆２世への医療費助成制度などを審議していた委員会でのことだ。
A member of the assembly asked the metropolitan government if there was any way to "exterminate" hibakusha, which created a stir in the chamber.
質問に立った中堅議員が「被爆者の絶滅の方法はないか」とただして議場を驚かせた。
A representative from the executive branch of the metropolitan government answered, "We'll continue to work seriously to extend relief to survivors," before closing the session.
都は「今後も援護に取り組んでいきたい」とかわし散会したが、当時の記事によれば、記者が議員に聞くと、こう語った。
In response to questions by reporters, the assembly member said, "If the number of hibakusha continues to increase, it may include those who took over the disease from their parents through heredity or those who falsely reported they are hibakusha," according to news articles at the time.
「被爆者が今も増える傾向にあるとすれば、遺伝によるものか、虚偽の届け出も含まれているのではないか」
"For now, hibakusha should be allowed to receive treatment but they should be advised through administrative directives to refrain from having children until they have recovered completely," he said. He explained that such a measure would be good for the fiscal health of the nation.
「さしあたって被爆者には治療を続けさせ、完治するまで子供を持たないよう行政指導すべきだ」。その方が財政にかなっているというのだ。
The number of those who held hibakusha certificates actually increased in the 1970s and 1980s after applicants increased over that period. It has been pointed out that hibakusha became less worried about prejudice because they retired from jobs, their children found jobs or married and overall social prejudice against hibakusha had declined.
被爆者健康手帳取得者が７０年代から８０年代にかけて増えたのは、自らの定年、子供たちの就職や結婚、偏見の軽減など、生活環境の比較的落ち着いた状況が要因の一つではないかといわれている。
I'm the son of a Hiroshima hibakusha and started my career the year before the gaffe at the metropolitan assembly. I was surprised at his remarks, which reminded me that people who thought that way still existed.
私は広島の被爆者の子供で、この「放言」の前年に就職したが、もはやこのような発想をする人がいようとは思わなかった。いたのである。
Hiroshima and Nagasaki hibakusha had been forced to live in a gutter between longstanding information control during the U.S.-led post-war occupation and social prejudice.
広島、長崎の被爆者は、戦後占領期の長い情報統制と偏見の谷間に放置された。
There had been no organized campaign demanding relief for hibakusha until anti-atomic and hydrogen bomb movements began after crewmembers of the tuna fishing boat Daigo Fukuryu Maru (Lucky Dragon No. 5) were exposed to nuclear fallout from U.S. hydrogen bomb testing.
５４年に核実験の「死の灰」を浴びた第五福竜丸事件で原水爆禁止運動が始まるまで、組織化されることはなかった。
There was deep-rooted prejudice that radiation could be infectious. Many hibakusha have been denied entry into public baths because of that prejudice.
「うつる」「伝染する」という偏見は根強かった。例えば銭湯で入浴を断られたという体験は、かつて多くの被爆者が持っていた。
The former economy, trade and industry minister apparently did not use the phrase "radiation infection" to that effect. However, his insensitive gaffe has reminded many people of their sad experiences, even if they do not speak out about that.
前経産相が「うつる」などという言葉をそういう意味で理解して使ったとは思わない。だが、その「失言」から伝わる無神経さに、いや応なく悲痛な思い出や、底なしの闇がのぞいたような気持ちをよみがえらせる人々がいる。声を上げずとも。
Simply replacing the minister will not lead to any fundamental solution to the issue. The mental capacity of politicians is being tested.
閣僚ポストの異動で解決することではない。何が一番必要か。あえていえば「想像力」だろう。
(By Kenji Tamaki, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年9月13日 東京朝刊
Children's watchful eyes see though prejudice
火論：幼い目が見ている＝玉木研二
＜ｋａ－ｒｏｎ＞
There is a traffic light for pedestrians just outside one of the exits at Jimbocho Station on the Tokyo Metro subway system.
東京都営地下鉄神保町駅のある出口を出ると、狭い道ながら歩行者用信号機が付いている。
Even if no cars are seen nearby, most pedestrians strictly observe the signal because of a nearby signboard that says, "Children are watching your behavior." The notice appears to be effective.
車影が全くなくとも信号を守るのは看板の言葉の力ゆえだろう。これは効く。
＜子供が見ています＞
It is painful to cover accidents and incidents in which children are victimized.
子供が巻き込まれた事件事故を取材するほどつらいことはない。
It would be horrifying to imagine what would happen if children saw adults ignore the traffic lights and themselves did the same thing.
この信号無視を幼い目が見てまねしたら、と想像するだけで足はすくむ。
It is important to feel children's watchful eyes in considering the government's slow response to the ongoing crisis at the tsunami-hit Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant, as well as over groundless rumors about radiation contamination and some adults' insensitive behavior, such as the former economy, trade and industry minister's nuclear gaffe, which forced him to step down.
福島の原発事故災害で後手に回った対応のほか、根拠のない風評や心ない言動の対策を考える時、常に子供の視線を感じ取っていたい。
「放射能をつけたぞ」という趣旨の発言などで引責辞任した前経済産業相の問題では、それを強く感じた。
The minister's remark reminded me of another gaffe during a Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly session in July 1976 when a medical expenses subsidy system for the offspring of hibakusha, or atomic-bombing victims, was up for deliberation.
この問題は３５年前の東京都議会のある「放言」も想起させた。１９７６年７月、被爆２世への医療費助成制度などを審議していた委員会でのことだ。
A member of the assembly asked the metropolitan government if there was any way to "exterminate" hibakusha, which created a stir in the chamber.
質問に立った中堅議員が「被爆者の絶滅の方法はないか」とただして議場を驚かせた。
A representative from the executive branch of the metropolitan government answered, "We'll continue to work seriously to extend relief to survivors," before closing the session.
都は「今後も援護に取り組んでいきたい」とかわし散会したが、当時の記事によれば、記者が議員に聞くと、こう語った。
In response to questions by reporters, the assembly member said, "If the number of hibakusha continues to increase, it may include those who took over the disease from their parents through heredity or those who falsely reported they are hibakusha," according to news articles at the time.
「被爆者が今も増える傾向にあるとすれば、遺伝によるものか、虚偽の届け出も含まれているのではないか」
"For now, hibakusha should be allowed to receive treatment but they should be advised through administrative directives to refrain from having children until they have recovered completely," he said. He explained that such a measure would be good for the fiscal health of the nation.
「さしあたって被爆者には治療を続けさせ、完治するまで子供を持たないよう行政指導すべきだ」。その方が財政にかなっているというのだ。
The number of those who held hibakusha certificates actually increased in the 1970s and 1980s after applicants increased over that period. It has been pointed out that hibakusha became less worried about prejudice because they retired from jobs, their children found jobs or married and overall social prejudice against hibakusha had declined.
被爆者健康手帳取得者が７０年代から８０年代にかけて増えたのは、自らの定年、子供たちの就職や結婚、偏見の軽減など、生活環境の比較的落ち着いた状況が要因の一つではないかといわれている。
I'm the son of a Hiroshima hibakusha and started my career the year before the gaffe at the metropolitan assembly. I was surprised at his remarks, which reminded me that people who thought that way still existed.
私は広島の被爆者の子供で、この「放言」の前年に就職したが、もはやこのような発想をする人がいようとは思わなかった。いたのである。
Hiroshima and Nagasaki hibakusha had been forced to live in a gutter between longstanding information control during the U.S.-led post-war occupation and social prejudice.
広島、長崎の被爆者は、戦後占領期の長い情報統制と偏見の谷間に放置された。
There had been no organized campaign demanding relief for hibakusha until anti-atomic and hydrogen bomb movements began after crewmembers of the tuna fishing boat Daigo Fukuryu Maru (Lucky Dragon No. 5) were exposed to nuclear fallout from U.S. hydrogen bomb testing.
５４年に核実験の「死の灰」を浴びた第五福竜丸事件で原水爆禁止運動が始まるまで、組織化されることはなかった。
There was deep-rooted prejudice that radiation could be infectious. Many hibakusha have been denied entry into public baths because of that prejudice.
「うつる」「伝染する」という偏見は根強かった。例えば銭湯で入浴を断られたという体験は、かつて多くの被爆者が持っていた。
The former economy, trade and industry minister apparently did not use the phrase "radiation infection" to that effect. However, his insensitive gaffe has reminded many people of their sad experiences, even if they do not speak out about that.
前経産相が「うつる」などという言葉をそういう意味で理解して使ったとは思わない。だが、その「失言」から伝わる無神経さに、いや応なく悲痛な思い出や、底なしの闇がのぞいたような気持ちをよみがえらせる人々がいる。声を上げずとも。
Simply replacing the minister will not lead to any fundamental solution to the issue. The mental capacity of politicians is being tested.
閣僚ポストの異動で解決することではない。何が一番必要か。あえていえば「想像力」だろう。
(By Kenji Tamaki, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年9月13日 東京朝刊
2011/09/14
鉢呂経産相 無神経発言での辞任は当然だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 13, 2011)
His insensitive remarks meant Hachiro had to go
鉢呂経産相 無神経発言での辞任は当然だ（9月11日付・読売社説）
The administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda started with high approval ratings, only to suffer an immediate setback.
高い支持率で船出した野田政権が、いきなりつまずいた。
Economy, Trade and Industry Minister Yoshio Hachiro resigned Saturday over careless remarks he made on his recent inspection tour to the crippled Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant and the surrounding area.
鉢呂吉雄経済産業相が１０日、福島県の原子力発電所視察を巡る失言の責任を取って辞任した。
While the nuclear crisis has yet to be controlled, Hachiro repeatedly made remarks that appeared to ride roughshod over the feelings of those affected. His qualification as the minister in charge of nuclear power policy was cast into doubt.
原発事故がまだ収束しない中、原子力政策の担当閣僚が、被災者たちの感情を踏みにじるような発言を繰り返すようでは、資質が疑われる。
A chorus of calls for his resignation arose from members of the ruling parties plus members of opposition parties.
野党側からも鉢呂氏の辞任を求める声が強まっていた。
His resignation is quite reasonable. Noda himself shares in the blame for having appointed Hachiro as a Cabinet member.
辞任は当然だ。野田首相の任命責任も問われよう。
===
'Here's some radiation'
Accompanying Noda, Hachiro made an inspection tour to the nuclear plant in question and neighboring municipalities Thursday.
鉢呂氏は８日、野田首相に同行し、東京電力福島第一原発や周辺自治体を視察した。
After he returned from the tour and was questioned by a reporter at a housing facility for Diet members, Hachiro reportedly gestured as if to press the sleeve of his jacket against the reporter, saying, "Here's some radiation."
帰京後、議員宿舎で記者団の取材を受けた際、着ていた防災服の袖を記者にこすりつけるようなしぐさをして、「ほら、放射能」などと語ったとされる。
"I don't remember exactly what I said," Hachiro explained later. But as a politician who is supposed to prevent radiation-related rumors and misinformation from causing harm, such remarks and behavior are insensitive.
鉢呂氏は「言葉は正確に記憶していない」と釈明したが、風評被害を抑えるべき立場にある政治家としては、あまりに無神経だ。
At a press conference Friday morning, he called the areas he visited near the nuclear plant "towns of death." ９日の記者会見では、視察した原発の周辺市町村を「死のまち」と表現した。
Those affected by the crisis must have been dismayed to hear their hometowns called "towns of death" by a member of the Cabinet, which should be doing its utmost to tackle the crisis.
事故対応に全力を挙げるべき内閣の一員から、ふるさとを「死のまち」と呼ばれては、被災者は到底納得できまい。
At a press conference later the same day, he apologized for his remark and withdrew it.
鉢呂氏は陳謝して発言を撤回した。
Even regarding trade and industrial policies, Hachiro made faltering remarks.
鉢呂氏は産業・通商政策に関しても腰の定まらない発言が目立った。
Concerning the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade accord, he said, "It is difficult to reconcile the elimination of tariffs and revitalization of the nation's agriculture," thus showing his backward-looking stance on the issue.
環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）については「関税ゼロと農業再生の両立は難しい」と後ろ向きの姿勢を示していた。
On nuclear power policy, he expressed his view that nuclear plants will, in principle, be eliminated in the long run, showing little understanding of the need for a stable energy supply.
原子力政策でも、将来は基本的に「原発ゼロ」になるとの見通しを語るだけで、エネルギー安定供給への認識には乏しかった。
===
Noda tries damage control
Noda tried to put an early end to the matter, probably because of his judgment that, with an extraordinary Diet session--his administration's first--scheduled to start on Tuesday, he might face a hard time steering Diet proceedings with the opposition raising questions concerning Hachiro's gaffe.
首相が早期幕引きを図った背景には、１３日から始まる政権初の臨時国会を控え、失言に対する野党の追及で厳しい国会運営を強いられるとの判断があろう。
The situation whereby a key minister has resigned just nine days into the job is, indeed, a heavy blow to the Noda administration.
重要閣僚が就任から９日目に辞任する事態は、野田政権には極めて大きな打撃だ。
In another resignation related to the Great East Japan Earthquake, Ryu Matsumoto resigned as minister in charge of rebuilding areas ravaged by the March 11 disaster after making offensive remarks in July.
東日本大震災を巡っては、７月に松本龍・前復興相が失言で辞任している。
Public distrust in politics thus continues to grow.
政治への不信感はさらに増幅するばかりである。
In addition to Hachiro's gaffes, inappropriate remarks have been made by members of the Cabinet and the ruling Democratic Party of Japan.
鉢呂氏以外にも、政府・与党からは不用意な発言が飛び出している。
Defense Minister Yasuo Ichikawa has described himself as an "amateur" on national security issues.
一川防衛相は「安全保障に関しては素人だ」と発言し、
Hirofumi Hirano, the DPJ's Diet Affairs Committee chairman, told his opposition party counterparts his idea of not holding a Budget Committee meeting during the extra Diet session, saying, "As the [newly launched] Cabinet remains in an incomplete condition, we cannot properly reply to interpellations."
平野博文国会対策委員長も「内閣が不完全な状態では十分な国会答弁ができない」と語った。
The Noda administration has many policy issues waiting to be handled, including post-disaster reconstruction efforts, ways to deal with the rapid rise of the yen, and diplomatic issues.
震災復興、円高対策、外交問題など、野田政権には多くの政策課題が待ち構えている。
Noda must rebuild his Cabinet quickly and make doubly sure that he is fully prepared to manage the administration.
首相は早急に体制を立て直し、政権運営に万全を期さねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 11, 2011)
（2011年9月11日01時16分 読売新聞）
His insensitive remarks meant Hachiro had to go
鉢呂経産相 無神経発言での辞任は当然だ（9月11日付・読売社説）
The administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda started with high approval ratings, only to suffer an immediate setback.
高い支持率で船出した野田政権が、いきなりつまずいた。
Economy, Trade and Industry Minister Yoshio Hachiro resigned Saturday over careless remarks he made on his recent inspection tour to the crippled Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant and the surrounding area.
鉢呂吉雄経済産業相が１０日、福島県の原子力発電所視察を巡る失言の責任を取って辞任した。
While the nuclear crisis has yet to be controlled, Hachiro repeatedly made remarks that appeared to ride roughshod over the feelings of those affected. His qualification as the minister in charge of nuclear power policy was cast into doubt.
原発事故がまだ収束しない中、原子力政策の担当閣僚が、被災者たちの感情を踏みにじるような発言を繰り返すようでは、資質が疑われる。
A chorus of calls for his resignation arose from members of the ruling parties plus members of opposition parties.
野党側からも鉢呂氏の辞任を求める声が強まっていた。
His resignation is quite reasonable. Noda himself shares in the blame for having appointed Hachiro as a Cabinet member.
辞任は当然だ。野田首相の任命責任も問われよう。
===
'Here's some radiation'
Accompanying Noda, Hachiro made an inspection tour to the nuclear plant in question and neighboring municipalities Thursday.
鉢呂氏は８日、野田首相に同行し、東京電力福島第一原発や周辺自治体を視察した。
After he returned from the tour and was questioned by a reporter at a housing facility for Diet members, Hachiro reportedly gestured as if to press the sleeve of his jacket against the reporter, saying, "Here's some radiation."
帰京後、議員宿舎で記者団の取材を受けた際、着ていた防災服の袖を記者にこすりつけるようなしぐさをして、「ほら、放射能」などと語ったとされる。
"I don't remember exactly what I said," Hachiro explained later. But as a politician who is supposed to prevent radiation-related rumors and misinformation from causing harm, such remarks and behavior are insensitive.
鉢呂氏は「言葉は正確に記憶していない」と釈明したが、風評被害を抑えるべき立場にある政治家としては、あまりに無神経だ。
At a press conference Friday morning, he called the areas he visited near the nuclear plant "towns of death." ９日の記者会見では、視察した原発の周辺市町村を「死のまち」と表現した。
Those affected by the crisis must have been dismayed to hear their hometowns called "towns of death" by a member of the Cabinet, which should be doing its utmost to tackle the crisis.
事故対応に全力を挙げるべき内閣の一員から、ふるさとを「死のまち」と呼ばれては、被災者は到底納得できまい。
At a press conference later the same day, he apologized for his remark and withdrew it.
鉢呂氏は陳謝して発言を撤回した。
Even regarding trade and industrial policies, Hachiro made faltering remarks.
鉢呂氏は産業・通商政策に関しても腰の定まらない発言が目立った。
Concerning the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade accord, he said, "It is difficult to reconcile the elimination of tariffs and revitalization of the nation's agriculture," thus showing his backward-looking stance on the issue.
環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）については「関税ゼロと農業再生の両立は難しい」と後ろ向きの姿勢を示していた。
On nuclear power policy, he expressed his view that nuclear plants will, in principle, be eliminated in the long run, showing little understanding of the need for a stable energy supply.
原子力政策でも、将来は基本的に「原発ゼロ」になるとの見通しを語るだけで、エネルギー安定供給への認識には乏しかった。
===
Noda tries damage control
Noda tried to put an early end to the matter, probably because of his judgment that, with an extraordinary Diet session--his administration's first--scheduled to start on Tuesday, he might face a hard time steering Diet proceedings with the opposition raising questions concerning Hachiro's gaffe.
首相が早期幕引きを図った背景には、１３日から始まる政権初の臨時国会を控え、失言に対する野党の追及で厳しい国会運営を強いられるとの判断があろう。
The situation whereby a key minister has resigned just nine days into the job is, indeed, a heavy blow to the Noda administration.
重要閣僚が就任から９日目に辞任する事態は、野田政権には極めて大きな打撃だ。
In another resignation related to the Great East Japan Earthquake, Ryu Matsumoto resigned as minister in charge of rebuilding areas ravaged by the March 11 disaster after making offensive remarks in July.
東日本大震災を巡っては、７月に松本龍・前復興相が失言で辞任している。
Public distrust in politics thus continues to grow.
政治への不信感はさらに増幅するばかりである。
In addition to Hachiro's gaffes, inappropriate remarks have been made by members of the Cabinet and the ruling Democratic Party of Japan.
鉢呂氏以外にも、政府・与党からは不用意な発言が飛び出している。
Defense Minister Yasuo Ichikawa has described himself as an "amateur" on national security issues.
一川防衛相は「安全保障に関しては素人だ」と発言し、
Hirofumi Hirano, the DPJ's Diet Affairs Committee chairman, told his opposition party counterparts his idea of not holding a Budget Committee meeting during the extra Diet session, saying, "As the [newly launched] Cabinet remains in an incomplete condition, we cannot properly reply to interpellations."
平野博文国会対策委員長も「内閣が不完全な状態では十分な国会答弁ができない」と語った。
The Noda administration has many policy issues waiting to be handled, including post-disaster reconstruction efforts, ways to deal with the rapid rise of the yen, and diplomatic issues.
震災復興、円高対策、外交問題など、野田政権には多くの政策課題が待ち構えている。
Noda must rebuild his Cabinet quickly and make doubly sure that he is fully prepared to manage the administration.
首相は早急に体制を立て直し、政権運営に万全を期さねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 11, 2011)
（2011年9月11日01時16分 読売新聞）
2011/09/13
３・１１から半年 復興へ政府は目に見える支援を
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 11, 2011)
Govt must offer visible support for reconstruction
３・１１から半年 復興へ政府は目に見える支援を（9月10日付・読売社説）
Six months have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11.
東日本大震災から、あすで半年になる。
Recovery and reconstruction efforts have been continuing in disaster-hit areas.
被災地では復旧・復興に向けた懸命の努力が続いている。
But the scars left by the massive earthquake and tsunami are so profound that many affected municipalities have yet to draw up blueprints to rebuild their areas.
だが震災の爪痕は深く、思うように地域再建の青写真が描けていない自治体がほとんどだ。
In areas around the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, where evacuation orders have been issued, municipal government offices and residents were uprooted en masse. No prospect is in sight for their return home.
避難指示が出ている福島第一原子力発電所周辺では、役場と住民がそっくり移転しており、帰郷の見通しも立っていない。
In his first news conference after taking office, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda said recovery and reconstruction of the disaster-stricken areas and measures to end the nuclear crisis at the Fukushima plant are at the top of his administration's agenda.
野田首相は就任の記者会見で、被災地の復旧・復興と原発事故対応が「何よりも最優先だ」と述べた。
After inspecting the crippled plant Thursday, Noda pledged to Fukushima Gov. Yuhei Sato his government's commitment to swiftly decontaminate areas affected by radioactive material released by the nuclear power plant.
８日は福島第一原発を視察した後、佐藤雄平福島県知事に、事故で放出された放射性物質の除染を早急に進めると確約した。
People in disaster-hit areas became increasingly impatient with the slow response to the disaster by the previous Kan administration.
菅前政権の震災対応の遅れに被災地はいらだちを募らせてきた。
The current administration must provide swift, strong and visible support for recovery and reconstruction of the devastated areas.
被災地の再生へ、政府は迅速かつ強力な復旧・復興支援を、目に見える形で推進すべきだ。
===
Debris disposal key issue
◆瓦礫処理と除染がカギ◆
Nearly 4,000 residents died or went missing in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, which had a pre-disaster population of 160,000.
人口１６万の宮城県石巻市は、津波被害で４０００人近くが死亡または行方不明になった。
With debris removal completed in the city center, shops have resumed business there.
中心部の瓦礫(がれき)撤去は終わり、商店も再開し始めた。
Residential streets and principal roads have also been cleared of debris.
住宅街や主要道路の瓦礫も片づいた。
But in suburban areas, debris lies scattered on farmland and elsewhere and has been piled up in temporary storage locations.
だが、郊外に出ると、農地などに未処理の瓦礫が散乱し、仮置き場には搬入された瓦礫が山積みになっている。
Painstaking efforts were reportedly made to eradicate the swarms of flies infesting the garbage.
大量のハエも発生、駆除に手を焼いたという。
The dismantling of wrecked houses and office buildings will add to the heaps of debris, overwhelming the capacity of temporary storage places.
今後、倒壊した家屋や事業所の解体が進めば、仮置き場が収容能力を超えてしまう恐れがある。
Through consultations with the prefectural government, the municipal government is accelerating efforts to build a new incinerator and select a final debris disposal center.
市は県と協議し、焼却炉の新設と最終処理場の確保を急いでいる。
Disposal of the huge amount of debris hampers reconstruction.
膨大な瓦礫の処理問題が復興の妨げになっている。
The central government must do everything it can to reduce the financial burdens of local governments.
政府は自治体の負担軽減に、最大限の努力を払う必要があろう。
The reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture cannot be completed without ending the nuclear crisis.
福島県では、原発事故の収束なくして復興はありえない。
Stable cooling of the reactors is under way and almost no new radioactive substances are reportedly being released.
原発は今、原子炉の安定冷却が進行中で、新たな放射性物質の放出はほとんどなくなっている。
By January without fail, the reactors must be cooled so their inner temperatures are stabilized at less than 100 C.
来年１月を目標とする「冷温停止」を確実に達成しなければならない。
Decontamination is indispensable to bring about the day when evacuated residents can return home.
原発避難住民の帰宅に道筋をつけるには、地域の除染が不可欠だ。
Even in areas not subject to evacuation, there are places where radioactive contamination is high enough to cause health concerns among residents.
避難対象地域以外でも汚染度の高い場所があり、住民の健康への影響が心配されている。
Soil improvement must be carried out immediately at school grounds and on agricultural land.
校庭や農地などは直ちに土壌改良に取りかかる必要がある。
Removing the surface soil up to a depth of five centimeters will reduce radioactive cesium levels to just one-tenth, experts say.
表土を５センチ撤去すれば放射性セシウムは１０分の１に減り、
By replacing this soil with untainted earth, radioactive cesium contamination will be reduced to one-hundredth, they say.
そこへ新たな土を盛れば元の１００分の１に低減できると専門家は指摘する。
The government should take the lead in promoting decontamination work without farming it out to local governments.
政府は自治体に丸投げすることなく、率先して除染作業を進めていってほしい。
===
Disaster victims need jobs
◆生活の安定取り戻そう◆
Although production at factories and related facilities has begun to recover, the employment situation in the disaster-hit areas remains severe.
工場などの生産機能は回復しつつあるが、雇用環境は依然、厳しい。
More than 70,000 people are estimated to have lost their jobs in the three disaster-hit Tohoku prefectures of Miyagi, Iwate and Fukushima.
震災による失業者は東北３県で７万人以上と推定される。
Job offers have been on the rise as workers are being sought for reconstruction projects.
復旧事業で求人は増えている。
Many people, however, cannot find work to suit the job skills they acquired before the disaster.
だが、震災前の就業経験を生かす仕事が見つからない。
As unemployment benefit payments for many of them will expire soon, it is vital to create new full-fledged jobs through a wide variety of reconstruction projects.
そろそろ失業手当も切れるころだ。多様な復興事業を本格化させ、新たな雇用を創出することが求められる。
Hospitals and nursing care facilities sustained tremendous damage in the disaster.
病院や介護施設は甚大な被害を被った。
Even before the disaster, the affected regions have long suffered a serious shortage of doctors, and the region's residents have continued to age.
被災地はもともと医師不足が深刻な地域で、住民の高齢化も進んでいる。
Although a number of medical and nursing care professionals have provided emergency support over the past six months, this cannot continue for much longer.
この半年、医療・介護関連団体が緊急の人的支援をしてきたが、継続は難しい。
Making the best possible use of such information technologies as electronic patient files and deploying medical personnel efficiently would make medical and nursing care services more effective.
電子カルテなどのＩＴ（情報技術）活用で連携態勢を強化し、効率的に人材を配置すれば関連施設の大胆な再編が可能になる。
The government should take speedy legislative steps and extend financial assistance to set up a medical and nursing service special zone to provide advanced services by an adequate number of medical professionals.
政府も特区などの法整備や財政措置で後押しし、医師などの人材が集まるような医療・介護の先進モデル地域を作るべきだ。
Construction of temporary housing has made considerable progress, allowing many disaster victims to move out of evacuation centers.
仮設住宅の建設が進み、多くの人が避難所生活から解放された。
However, it is important to provide the victims with a proper range of care after they move into temporary housing or other publicly operated housing facilities.
だが、仮設や公共住宅に移った後のケアも重要だ。
After the Great Hanshin Earthquake, many elderly persons died after being left unattended in temporary housing. 阪神大震災では仮設や「復興住宅」で高齢者の孤独死が相次いだ。
This should never be repeated.
悲劇を繰り返してはならない。
===
Preparedness essential
◆災害への備えを教訓に◆
As of Friday, the number of deaths in the Great East Japan Earthquake stood at 15,780, while 4,122 remain missing.
東日本大震災による死者は９日現在、１万５７８０人、行方不明者は４１２２人に上る。
We sincerely pray for the souls of those who perished in the disaster and hope that those still missing will be found as soon as possible.
亡くなられた方のご冥福を心からお祈りする。行方不明の方が一日も早く見つかれば、と願う。
In Japan, which can be called a "disaster archipelago," Typhoon No. 12 left more than 100 people dead or missing earlier this month.
「災害列島」日本では、今月も台風１２号で１００人を超す死者・行方不明者が出た。
We are sure many people in the past six months have felt anew the horror of natural disasters and the importance of preparing such calamities.
この半年、改めて自然災害の恐ろしさと、それへの備えの大切さを噛(か)みしめた人は多かっただろう。
On Sept. 1, Disaster Prevention Day, about 510,000 people took part in disaster drills in 35 prefectures, including Tokyo and Hokkaido.
防災の日の１日、３５都道府県で５１万人が訓練に参加した。
Some companies and public organizations carried out such practical exercises as confirming the safety of all personnel, as well as drills conducted on the assumption that many of their personnel were unable to return home in the aftermath of a massive disaster.
社員全員の安否確認や、帰宅困難の事態を想定した現実的な訓練を実施した企業、公的機関もあった。
In its most recent opinion survey, The Yomiuri Shimbun asked people what measures they had taken after the March 11 disaster. Allowed multiple answers, many respondents cited "stockpiling of drinking water and food" and "confirmation of how family members can keep in touch with each other" in the event of a disaster.
読売新聞の世論調査では、震災後に講じた対策として「飲料水や食料の備蓄」「家族同士の連絡方法を確認」などを挙げた人（複数回答）が多かった。
Asked what they wanted the central and local governments to do in the event of a disaster, more than 50 percent of the respondents replied--again allowed multiple answers--they wanted "safety measures taken at nuclear power plants" and "ensuring safe evacuation routes and evacuation facilities."
国や自治体に望む取り組みでは、「原発の安全対策」「安全な避難経路や避難施設の確保」などが５割を超えている（同）。
We believe the lessons learned from the March 11 disaster should better prepare people in the future to swiftly and safely evacuate in the event of a disaster and to cooperate more closely with each other to deal with any hardships they might encounter.
日頃の備えを怠らず、その時には的確迅速に避難する、そして支え合って災害を乗り越える――。大震災からの教訓としたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 10, 2011)
（2011年9月10日01時28分 読売新聞）
Govt must offer visible support for reconstruction
３・１１から半年 復興へ政府は目に見える支援を（9月10日付・読売社説）
Six months have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11.
東日本大震災から、あすで半年になる。
Recovery and reconstruction efforts have been continuing in disaster-hit areas.
被災地では復旧・復興に向けた懸命の努力が続いている。
But the scars left by the massive earthquake and tsunami are so profound that many affected municipalities have yet to draw up blueprints to rebuild their areas.
だが震災の爪痕は深く、思うように地域再建の青写真が描けていない自治体がほとんどだ。
In areas around the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, where evacuation orders have been issued, municipal government offices and residents were uprooted en masse. No prospect is in sight for their return home.
避難指示が出ている福島第一原子力発電所周辺では、役場と住民がそっくり移転しており、帰郷の見通しも立っていない。
In his first news conference after taking office, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda said recovery and reconstruction of the disaster-stricken areas and measures to end the nuclear crisis at the Fukushima plant are at the top of his administration's agenda.
野田首相は就任の記者会見で、被災地の復旧・復興と原発事故対応が「何よりも最優先だ」と述べた。
After inspecting the crippled plant Thursday, Noda pledged to Fukushima Gov. Yuhei Sato his government's commitment to swiftly decontaminate areas affected by radioactive material released by the nuclear power plant.
８日は福島第一原発を視察した後、佐藤雄平福島県知事に、事故で放出された放射性物質の除染を早急に進めると確約した。
People in disaster-hit areas became increasingly impatient with the slow response to the disaster by the previous Kan administration.
菅前政権の震災対応の遅れに被災地はいらだちを募らせてきた。
The current administration must provide swift, strong and visible support for recovery and reconstruction of the devastated areas.
被災地の再生へ、政府は迅速かつ強力な復旧・復興支援を、目に見える形で推進すべきだ。
===
Debris disposal key issue
◆瓦礫処理と除染がカギ◆
Nearly 4,000 residents died or went missing in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, which had a pre-disaster population of 160,000.
人口１６万の宮城県石巻市は、津波被害で４０００人近くが死亡または行方不明になった。
With debris removal completed in the city center, shops have resumed business there.
中心部の瓦礫(がれき)撤去は終わり、商店も再開し始めた。
Residential streets and principal roads have also been cleared of debris.
住宅街や主要道路の瓦礫も片づいた。
But in suburban areas, debris lies scattered on farmland and elsewhere and has been piled up in temporary storage locations.
だが、郊外に出ると、農地などに未処理の瓦礫が散乱し、仮置き場には搬入された瓦礫が山積みになっている。
Painstaking efforts were reportedly made to eradicate the swarms of flies infesting the garbage.
大量のハエも発生、駆除に手を焼いたという。
The dismantling of wrecked houses and office buildings will add to the heaps of debris, overwhelming the capacity of temporary storage places.
今後、倒壊した家屋や事業所の解体が進めば、仮置き場が収容能力を超えてしまう恐れがある。
Through consultations with the prefectural government, the municipal government is accelerating efforts to build a new incinerator and select a final debris disposal center.
市は県と協議し、焼却炉の新設と最終処理場の確保を急いでいる。
Disposal of the huge amount of debris hampers reconstruction.
膨大な瓦礫の処理問題が復興の妨げになっている。
The central government must do everything it can to reduce the financial burdens of local governments.
政府は自治体の負担軽減に、最大限の努力を払う必要があろう。
The reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture cannot be completed without ending the nuclear crisis.
福島県では、原発事故の収束なくして復興はありえない。
Stable cooling of the reactors is under way and almost no new radioactive substances are reportedly being released.
原発は今、原子炉の安定冷却が進行中で、新たな放射性物質の放出はほとんどなくなっている。
By January without fail, the reactors must be cooled so their inner temperatures are stabilized at less than 100 C.
来年１月を目標とする「冷温停止」を確実に達成しなければならない。
Decontamination is indispensable to bring about the day when evacuated residents can return home.
原発避難住民の帰宅に道筋をつけるには、地域の除染が不可欠だ。
Even in areas not subject to evacuation, there are places where radioactive contamination is high enough to cause health concerns among residents.
避難対象地域以外でも汚染度の高い場所があり、住民の健康への影響が心配されている。
Soil improvement must be carried out immediately at school grounds and on agricultural land.
校庭や農地などは直ちに土壌改良に取りかかる必要がある。
Removing the surface soil up to a depth of five centimeters will reduce radioactive cesium levels to just one-tenth, experts say.
表土を５センチ撤去すれば放射性セシウムは１０分の１に減り、
By replacing this soil with untainted earth, radioactive cesium contamination will be reduced to one-hundredth, they say.
そこへ新たな土を盛れば元の１００分の１に低減できると専門家は指摘する。
The government should take the lead in promoting decontamination work without farming it out to local governments.
政府は自治体に丸投げすることなく、率先して除染作業を進めていってほしい。
===
Disaster victims need jobs
◆生活の安定取り戻そう◆
Although production at factories and related facilities has begun to recover, the employment situation in the disaster-hit areas remains severe.
工場などの生産機能は回復しつつあるが、雇用環境は依然、厳しい。
More than 70,000 people are estimated to have lost their jobs in the three disaster-hit Tohoku prefectures of Miyagi, Iwate and Fukushima.
震災による失業者は東北３県で７万人以上と推定される。
Job offers have been on the rise as workers are being sought for reconstruction projects.
復旧事業で求人は増えている。
Many people, however, cannot find work to suit the job skills they acquired before the disaster.
だが、震災前の就業経験を生かす仕事が見つからない。
As unemployment benefit payments for many of them will expire soon, it is vital to create new full-fledged jobs through a wide variety of reconstruction projects.
そろそろ失業手当も切れるころだ。多様な復興事業を本格化させ、新たな雇用を創出することが求められる。
Hospitals and nursing care facilities sustained tremendous damage in the disaster.
病院や介護施設は甚大な被害を被った。
Even before the disaster, the affected regions have long suffered a serious shortage of doctors, and the region's residents have continued to age.
被災地はもともと医師不足が深刻な地域で、住民の高齢化も進んでいる。
Although a number of medical and nursing care professionals have provided emergency support over the past six months, this cannot continue for much longer.
この半年、医療・介護関連団体が緊急の人的支援をしてきたが、継続は難しい。
Making the best possible use of such information technologies as electronic patient files and deploying medical personnel efficiently would make medical and nursing care services more effective.
電子カルテなどのＩＴ（情報技術）活用で連携態勢を強化し、効率的に人材を配置すれば関連施設の大胆な再編が可能になる。
The government should take speedy legislative steps and extend financial assistance to set up a medical and nursing service special zone to provide advanced services by an adequate number of medical professionals.
政府も特区などの法整備や財政措置で後押しし、医師などの人材が集まるような医療・介護の先進モデル地域を作るべきだ。
Construction of temporary housing has made considerable progress, allowing many disaster victims to move out of evacuation centers.
仮設住宅の建設が進み、多くの人が避難所生活から解放された。
However, it is important to provide the victims with a proper range of care after they move into temporary housing or other publicly operated housing facilities.
だが、仮設や公共住宅に移った後のケアも重要だ。
After the Great Hanshin Earthquake, many elderly persons died after being left unattended in temporary housing. 阪神大震災では仮設や「復興住宅」で高齢者の孤独死が相次いだ。
This should never be repeated.
悲劇を繰り返してはならない。
===
Preparedness essential
◆災害への備えを教訓に◆
As of Friday, the number of deaths in the Great East Japan Earthquake stood at 15,780, while 4,122 remain missing.
東日本大震災による死者は９日現在、１万５７８０人、行方不明者は４１２２人に上る。
We sincerely pray for the souls of those who perished in the disaster and hope that those still missing will be found as soon as possible.
亡くなられた方のご冥福を心からお祈りする。行方不明の方が一日も早く見つかれば、と願う。
In Japan, which can be called a "disaster archipelago," Typhoon No. 12 left more than 100 people dead or missing earlier this month.
「災害列島」日本では、今月も台風１２号で１００人を超す死者・行方不明者が出た。
We are sure many people in the past six months have felt anew the horror of natural disasters and the importance of preparing such calamities.
この半年、改めて自然災害の恐ろしさと、それへの備えの大切さを噛(か)みしめた人は多かっただろう。
On Sept. 1, Disaster Prevention Day, about 510,000 people took part in disaster drills in 35 prefectures, including Tokyo and Hokkaido.
防災の日の１日、３５都道府県で５１万人が訓練に参加した。
Some companies and public organizations carried out such practical exercises as confirming the safety of all personnel, as well as drills conducted on the assumption that many of their personnel were unable to return home in the aftermath of a massive disaster.
社員全員の安否確認や、帰宅困難の事態を想定した現実的な訓練を実施した企業、公的機関もあった。
In its most recent opinion survey, The Yomiuri Shimbun asked people what measures they had taken after the March 11 disaster. Allowed multiple answers, many respondents cited "stockpiling of drinking water and food" and "confirmation of how family members can keep in touch with each other" in the event of a disaster.
読売新聞の世論調査では、震災後に講じた対策として「飲料水や食料の備蓄」「家族同士の連絡方法を確認」などを挙げた人（複数回答）が多かった。
Asked what they wanted the central and local governments to do in the event of a disaster, more than 50 percent of the respondents replied--again allowed multiple answers--they wanted "safety measures taken at nuclear power plants" and "ensuring safe evacuation routes and evacuation facilities."
国や自治体に望む取り組みでは、「原発の安全対策」「安全な避難経路や避難施設の確保」などが５割を超えている（同）。
We believe the lessons learned from the March 11 disaster should better prepare people in the future to swiftly and safely evacuate in the event of a disaster and to cooperate more closely with each other to deal with any hardships they might encounter.
日頃の備えを怠らず、その時には的確迅速に避難する、そして支え合って災害を乗り越える――。大震災からの教訓としたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 10, 2011)
（2011年9月10日01時28分 読売新聞）
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