イラク流動化 無秩序の拡大を食い止めたい

The Yomiuri Shimbun
Further chaos must be stemmed in face of deepening Iraq crisis
イラク流動化　無秩序の拡大を食い止めたい

The chaos in Iraq has been fast spreading across its border. To avoid this situation leading to destabilization of the Middle East as a whole, countries concerned such as Iraq and the United States must join hands in pressing ahead with addressing this challenge.
　イラクの混乱が、国境を越えて急速に広がっている。中東全体の不安定化を避けるため、イラクと米国など関係国は、協力して事態の収拾を図らなければならない。

The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, a Sunni militant extremist group that claims to uphold the founding of a new state based on Islamic law, has taken control of towns and oil fields in the central and western regions of Iraq, and expelled Iraqi government forces from the Iraqi-Syrian border area.
　イスラム法に基づく新国家建設を標榜するスンニ派過激派組織「イラク・シリアのイスラム国（ＩＳＩＳ）」がイラク中・西部で都市や油田を制圧し、国境地帯からイラク軍部隊を排除した。

In the region near the border with Syria, the Al-Nustra Front, a terrorist organization affiliated with Al-Qaida that is fighting the administration of Syrian President Bashar Assad, has launched a joint struggle with ISIS. Members of the two extremist groups have reportedly moved freely between the two countries as if no border exists, thus aggravating the chaotic situation.
　シリア国境付近では、シリアのアサド政権と対立するアル・カーイダ系テロ組織「ヌスラ戦線」が、ＩＳＩＳと共闘を始めた。二つの過激派が、国境が存在しないかのように両国を自由に行き来し、無秩序状態を作り出している。

As a result, the Syrian military has carried out air strikes on the border region, which has been welcomed by the Iraqi government. The new development is indicative of a blending of the civil wars in the two countries stemming from conflicts between Shiite and Sunni militants, exposing how complex the confrontation really is.
　危機感を抱いたシリア軍が、イラク国境地帯を空爆し、イラクがこれを歓迎した。シーア派とスンニ派の対立に根ざす両国の内戦の一体化と、複雑な対立の構図を印象づけるものだ。

As if taking advantage of this turmoil, Kurdish forces, a minority group based in northern Iraq, have embarked on running one of Iraq’s main refineries and oil exports on their own, a highly alarming move that could end up splitting Iraq.
　こうした混乱に乗じるように、イラク北部の少数派クルド人が独自に油田管理や原油輸出を始めた。イラクの分裂につながりかねない、憂慮すべき動きだ。

Iraqi existence at stake

Also problematic in this connection are reports that huge amounts of cash have been flowing to Sunni extremists from Gulf states, including Saudi Arabia, a major Sunni power. Saudi Arabia’s decision to sever the flow of funds would be a key step toward resolving the imbroglio.
　ＩＳＩＳに、スンニ派の大国サウジアラビアなど湾岸諸国内から巨額の活動資金が流れているとされる点も問題だ。サウジがこの資金の流れを断つことが、混乱収拾への重要な一歩となろう。

It is only natural that U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, on a tour of Middle East and European countries earlier this month, warned that the ongoing crisis could be fatal to “Iraq’s existence as a state, and it is also a threat to the wider region [of the Middle East as a whole].” As it has ruled out the option of deploying ground troops in Iraq, the United States should accelerate its diplomatic efforts.
　ケリー米国務長官が中東・欧州訪問で、「イラクが国家存亡の危機に直面し、中東全体が脅威にさらされている」と警告したのは、当然である。地上部隊を投入する選択肢を排除した米国は、外交努力を加速させるべきだ。

Washington, for that matter, has decided to extend financial assistance to Syria’s moderate rebels against the Assad regime. The decision appears to be aimed at blunting the capability of ISIS by helping the moderates hold the Al-Nusra Front in check.
　米国は、穏健なシリア反体制派に対する資金援助を決めた。穏健派によるヌスラ戦線への牽制を通じて、ＩＳＩＳの力を殺ぐ狙いがあるのだろう。

In the meantime, a 180-strong team of U.S. military advisers has begun operating in Iraq. Washington says the advisers will help rebuild the Iraqi forces, while collecting information about how ISIS is organized and its probable future moves, in an effort to eventually specify targets by armed drones, which are one of the options the United States may employ in the future.
　同時に、米国の軍事顧問団の約１８０人がイラクでの任務を開始した。イラク軍の立て直しを図りつつ、ＩＳＩＳの組織や動向に関する情報を集め、将来の選択肢である「無人機による空爆」の目標も特定するという。

To prevent the collapse of Iraq’s foundation as a state, the United States aims to rally states and other forces that have an influence over Iraq, but has still fallen short of completing the task of drawing up any feasible scenario.
　イラクの国家基盤が崩れる事態を防ぐため、米国は、イラクに影響力を持つ国や勢力の結集を目指しているが、実現可能なシナリオを描き切れていない。

Kerry has been persistently urging Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki to form a government of national unity, including Sunni and Kurdish forces. The Iraqi prime minister must waste no time in realizing national reconciliation.
　ケリー長官はマリキ首相に、スンニ派やクルド人を含む挙国一致の内閣作りを改めて求めた。首相は国民融和を急ぐ必要がある。

The Japanese government, for its part, has decided to provide about ¥600 million in assistance to Iraqi refugees. This country should continue its cooperation to help stabilize the Iraqi situation.
　日本政府はイラク避難民支援に約６億円の緊急援助を決めた。イラク安定に日本も協力したい。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 29, 2014)