毎日新聞の秀作。
東電の体質を世界大戦当時の状況に重ね合わせて、東電を断罪する。
(スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 21, 2011
Gov't must stop forcing sacrifices on citizens and establish sensible policy
火論：背に腹は、の前に＝玉木研二
＜ｋａ－ｒｏｎ＞
A report by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on the ongoing crisis at the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant warns that Japan's complexity of organizations may slow its response at times of emergency.
日本の複雑な体制や組織が緊急時の意思決定を遅らせる可能性がある、と福島第１原発事故処理をめぐり国際原子力機関（ＩＡＥＡ）の報告書は不信感を表したという。
We can't brush aside such a warning as mere meddling. Indeed, the country's decision-making mechanism, shouldering of responsibility, and actions are all operating separately without linking to each other.
余計なお世話だと言えないところがつらい。意思の骨、責任の関節、実行の筋肉がつながらず、ばらばらに動く。
As such, it is only natural to suggest that this situation is the result of a structural flaw -- and not an unfortunate coincidence.
偶然そんな取り合わせになったという不運ではなく、構造的欠陥を疑うのは当然だ。
It is unlikely that malicious intent had anything to do with the delays in the government's reaction to the nuclear crisis.
そのもたつきに「悪意」は介在していないだろう。
Rather, the delays represent a rigid structural climate that includes elusion, vertical sectionalism and exclusion, and scattered responsibility.
つかみどころのないあやふやさ。縦割りと排他、責任散在という、いわば硬直した組織風土の表れではないか。
Evasion of responsibility is often seen at times of war.
つかみどころのない無責任は戦争にしばしば現れる。
Many of you probably have seen the film "Judgment at Nuremberg," based on the Judges' Trial of the Nuremburg war crime tribunal accusing several judges of cooperating with the Nazis.
「ニュールンベルグ裁判」という名画を見た方は多いだろう。第二次大戦後、ナチ戦犯裁判のうちナチ協力の判事らを被告にした法廷を題材に、スタンリー・クレイマー監督がメガホンをとった米劇映画（１９６１年）だ。
Directed by Stanley Kramer in 1961, the American film portrays the pitfalls of irresponsibility, self-righteousness and the ability to adapt that people can fall into, even if they are rational members of the justice system.
理性あるはずの司法界の知識人らも陥っていく無責任と独善、状況適応の落とし穴を描く。
裁判長は諭す。
"If the defendants were all depraved perverts -- if the leaders of the Third Reich were sadistic monsters and maniacs -- these events would have no more moral significance than an earthquake or other natural catastrophes," the judge in the movie says. "
「被告がただ邪悪な変質者で第三帝国の指導者たちが怪物だったというだけなら天災のようなもの。
But this trial has shown that under the stress of a national crisis, men -- even able and extraordinary men -- can delude themselves into the commission of crimes and atrocities so vast and heinous as to stagger the imagination.
No one who has sat through this trial can ever forget."
そうではない。忘れてはならない。普通の人も優れた人も容易にこうしたことにかかわった」
The film shows that with heightening tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, there are unexpected political interventions, and fears of a military conflict.
思わぬ政治介入の動きも出る。米ソ対立の緊張が高まったのだ。軍事衝突の恐れも生じた。
Because the U.S. military does not want to antagonize Germans, it applies pressure on the court in a roundabout way to be lenient toward the defendants.
ドイツ人の反感を買いたくない米軍は、被告に寛大な措置をするよう法廷に遠回しに圧力をかけてくる。
The circumstances in the film have the same feel as the current situation in Japan, where the government has called for the restart of nuclear reactors currently suspended out of fears that otherwise Japan's summertime electricity demand will not be met, even though there is no end in sight to the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima power plant.
これには今政府が電力供給不安から、原発事故収束の見通しがないまま「原発再稼働」要請に踏み切るのと通じる空気が感じられる。
The line of thinking is that certain "small" things have to be sacrificed to secure "bigger" guarantees.
背に腹は、という空気である。
In order to break free from our dependence on nuclear power, society must undertake broad and tireless discussions to change the course of energy and cultivate a sensible philosophy.
原発依存から踏み出すには、エネルギーの質転換が社会に広く根気強く語られ、地に着いた理念を醸成することが必要だ。
You could call it a shift in values.
価値転換といってもいい。
It might be out of habit that the soldiers in the film put military prowess over the pursuit of justice.
映画で軍人が「正義」追求より「軍事」を優先したのは習性だろうが、
It is rather dubious for the Japanese government to suggest that "small" things have to be sacrificed for "bigger" purposes without making thorough efforts to establish safety measures or verify what happened.
原発の安全対策や検証も徹底せぬまま「背に腹は」的空気に包まれたのでは、心もとない。
In the film, the judge presiding over the case does not hold back, and metes out a heavy sentence.
映画ではスペンサー・トレーシー演じる裁判長は手加減せず、厳しい判決を下す。
As an aside, the great thing about this film is that it does not provide us with a simple explanation on what is right or wrong, with a clean ending denouncing all evil.
余談だが、この作品が優れているのは正邪を明らかにして断罪し大団円、といった単純なものではないからだ。
We are even made to become skeptical of the U.S. as the embodiment of justice in World War II.
果たしてアメリカは正義の具現者かという疑念もにじむ。
Maximilian Schell won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of the defense attorney, who brought up what the U.S. did in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
「広島、長崎で彼らは何をしたか」などと戦勝国の矛盾や不問の残虐行為を突き、被告の弁護人を熱演したマクシミリアン・シェルは、この作品でアカデミー賞の主演男優賞を得た。
(By Kenji Tamaki, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年6月21日 東京朝刊
2011/06/22
2011/06/21
風知草：株価より汚染防止だ＝山田孝男
毎日新聞の力作。
その通りだと思いました。
連続地中壁の施工には、様々な工法があります。
さらに地下水を封じ込めるのに、連続地中壁の高さは少なくとも５０ｍ以上となります。
早急に工法を検討して着工しないと、１年でも危ないくらいなのです。
東電の技術者が一番知っているはずです。
まさに、大本営発表。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 20, 2011
Preventing radiation contamination more important than TEPCO's stock prices
風知草：株価より汚染防止だ＝山田孝男
Some people have suggested that I start to write about something other than nuclear power plants, but with the situation as it is, that's not going to happen.
そろそろ原発以外の話題をとり上げたらどうかと心配してくださる向きもあるが、そうもいかない。
The crisis at the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant is still not over.
福島原発震災は収束どころか、
Far from it, there are signs that it is getting worse.
拡大の兆しが見える。
I can't stand by and look at the political situation without focusing on this serious event.
この大事と無関係に政局を展望することはできない。
One figure who has entered the public spotlight in the wake of the nuclear crisis is 61-year-old Hiroaki Koide, an assistant professor at the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute and a controversialist in the anti-nuclear debate.
京大原子炉実験所の小出裕章助教（６１）といえば、いま最も注目されている反原発の論客の一人だ。
A specialist in nuclear power, Koide has garnered attention as a persistent researcher who has sounded the alarm over the dangers of this form of energy without seeking fame.
原発が専門だが、名利を求めず、原発に警鐘を鳴らし続けてきた不屈の研究者として脚光を浴びている。
In a TV Asahi program on June 16, Koide made the following comment:
その小出が１６日、テレビ朝日の番組に登場し、こう発言して反響がひろがった。
"As far as I can tell from the announcements made by Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO), the nuclear fuel that has melted down inside reactors at the Fukushima nuclear plant has gone through the bottom of the containers, which are like pressure cookers, and is lying on the concrete foundations, sinking into the ground below.
「東京電力の発表を見る限り、福島原発の原子炉は、ドロドロに溶けた核燃料が、圧力鍋のような容器の底を破ってコンクリートの土台にめり込み、地下へ沈みつつある。
We have to install a barrier deep in the soil and build a subterranean dam as soon as possible to prevent groundwater contaminated with radioactive materials from leaking into the ocean."
一刻も早く周辺の土中深く壁をめぐらせて地下ダムを築き、放射性物質に汚染された地下水の海洋流出を食い止めねばならない」
His comment captured public interest and when I asked a high-ranking government official about it, the official said that construction of an underground dam was indeed being prepared.
さっそく政府高官に聞いてみると、いかにも地下ダムの建設を準備中だという。
But when I probed further, I found that the project was in limbo due to opposition from TEPCO.
ところが、さらに取材すると、東電の反対で計画が宙に浮いている実態がわかった。
Sumio Mabuchi, an aide to Prime Minister Naoto Kan who is dealing with nuclear power plant issues, holds the same concerns as those expressed by Koide and has sought an announcement on construction of an underground dam, but TEPCO has resisted such a move.
原発担当の馬淵澄夫首相補佐官は小出助教と同じ危機感を抱き、地下ダム建設の発表を求めたが、東電が抵抗している。
The reason is funding.
理由は資金だ。
It would cost about 100 billion yen to build such a dam, but there is no guarantee that the government would cover the amount.
ダム建設に１０００億円かかる。国が支払う保証はない。
If an announcement were made and TEPCO were seen as incurring more liabilities, then its shares would fall once again, and the company might not be able to make it through its next general shareholders' meeting.
公表して東電の債務増と受け取られれば株価がまた下がり、株主総会を乗り切れぬというのである。
In my possession, I have a copy of the guidelines that TEPCO presented to the government on how to handle press releases.
筆者の手もとに、東電が政府に示した記者発表の対処方針と応答要領の写しがある。
The title of the document, dated June 13, is "Underground boundary' -- Regarding the press."
６月１３日付で表題は「『地下バウンダリ』プレスについて」。バウンダリ（ｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙ）は境界壁、つまり地下ダムだ。プレスは記者発表をさしている。
It is split into five categories on how to handle the announcement of construction of an underground boundary.
対処方針は５項目。
In essence, it says, "We are considering the issue under the guidance of prime ministerial aide Mabuchi, but we don't want to be seen as having excess liabilities, so we're keeping the details confidential."
要約すれば「馬淵補佐官ご指導の下、検討を進めているが、市場から債務超過と評価されたくないので詳細は内密に」だ。
Possibly the silliest response to envisaged questions from reporters is TEPCO's suggestion for a reply to the question, "Why hasn't construction been quickly started?"
応答要領の中でも愚答の極みは「なぜ早く着工せぬ」という質問に対するもので、ぬけぬけとこう書いている。
The response reads: "Underground water flows at a speed of about 5 to 10 centimeters a day, so we have more than a year before it reaches the shore."
「地下水の流速は１日５センチメートルから１０センチメートルなので、沿岸に達するまで１年以上の時間的猶予があると考えている」
Initially an announcement on the underground barrier was due to be made to the press on June 14, but it was put off until after TEPCO's general shareholders meeting on June 28.
記者発表は１４日のはずだったが、東電の株主総会（２８日）の後へ先送りされた。
In the meantime, the state of the nuclear power plant continues to deteriorate and radioactive materials are eerily spreading and contaminating the area around the plant.
福島原発の崩壊は続き、放射性物質による周辺の環境汚染が不気味に広がっている。
Which is more important: upholding share prices or stopping pollution?
株価の維持と汚染防止のどちらが大切か。
The Japanese political and business world has sunk to a level where it can't even answer such a question.
その判断もつかない日本政財界の現状である。
One government official recently commented, "I think I can understand now why the leaders during the war couldn't precisely and steadily accomplish their strategies."
政府当局者の一人がこう言った。「あの（太平洋）戦争でなぜ、指導部が的確、着実に作戦を遂行できなかったか。いまは分かる気がします」
Today, announcements from the "imperial headquarters" -- namely TEPCO's releases on its roadmap for bringing the nuclear crisis under control, which nobody believes -- are still being issued.
誰も信じない、東電の「収束に向けた工程表」という大本営発表が続いている。
Some people have compared Kan to former Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo, because he yells at his subordinates over the smallest details.
菅直人を東条英機になぞらえる向きがある。万事に細かく部下を怒鳴るからだ。
Tojo resigned in July 1944, after the fall of Saipan, when it had become likely that Japan would lose the war.
東条はサイパン島陥落で敗戦濃厚となった１９４４年７月退陣。
His successor, Kuniaki Koiso, was in office for 8 1/2 months before being replaced by Kantaro Suzuki. After this, two atomic bombs were dropped on Japan and then the war ended after a decision from the Emperor.
後継首相の小磯国昭が８カ月半。さらに鈴木貫太郎に代わり、原爆を二つ落とされ、天皇の聖断を仰いで戦争は終わった。
Why wasn't an armistice quickly implemented to put an end to further wartime damage?
なぜ、早く停戦して戦禍の拡大を防げなかったか。
It was because impossible solutions to Japan's situation in the war were flying about, common sense was lost, and the government was slow to reach a decision.
無理筋の戦局打開案が飛び交い、常識が見失われ、国の意思決定が遅れたからだ。
Yet the same sort of situation has arisen today.
今と似ている。
The most important issue now is preventing contamination from radiation.
いま最も大事な課題は放射能汚染阻止だ。
We need leaders who can focus on the core issue without being swayed by empty theory.
空論に惑わされず、核心へ集中するリーダーシップが求められている。
(By Takao Yamada, Expert Senior Writer)
（敬称略）（毎週月曜日掲載）
毎日新聞 2011年6月20日 東京朝刊
その通りだと思いました。
連続地中壁の施工には、様々な工法があります。
さらに地下水を封じ込めるのに、連続地中壁の高さは少なくとも５０ｍ以上となります。
早急に工法を検討して着工しないと、１年でも危ないくらいなのです。
東電の技術者が一番知っているはずです。
まさに、大本営発表。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 20, 2011
Preventing radiation contamination more important than TEPCO's stock prices
風知草：株価より汚染防止だ＝山田孝男
Some people have suggested that I start to write about something other than nuclear power plants, but with the situation as it is, that's not going to happen.
そろそろ原発以外の話題をとり上げたらどうかと心配してくださる向きもあるが、そうもいかない。
The crisis at the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant is still not over.
福島原発震災は収束どころか、
Far from it, there are signs that it is getting worse.
拡大の兆しが見える。
I can't stand by and look at the political situation without focusing on this serious event.
この大事と無関係に政局を展望することはできない。
One figure who has entered the public spotlight in the wake of the nuclear crisis is 61-year-old Hiroaki Koide, an assistant professor at the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute and a controversialist in the anti-nuclear debate.
京大原子炉実験所の小出裕章助教（６１）といえば、いま最も注目されている反原発の論客の一人だ。
A specialist in nuclear power, Koide has garnered attention as a persistent researcher who has sounded the alarm over the dangers of this form of energy without seeking fame.
原発が専門だが、名利を求めず、原発に警鐘を鳴らし続けてきた不屈の研究者として脚光を浴びている。
In a TV Asahi program on June 16, Koide made the following comment:
その小出が１６日、テレビ朝日の番組に登場し、こう発言して反響がひろがった。
"As far as I can tell from the announcements made by Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO), the nuclear fuel that has melted down inside reactors at the Fukushima nuclear plant has gone through the bottom of the containers, which are like pressure cookers, and is lying on the concrete foundations, sinking into the ground below.
「東京電力の発表を見る限り、福島原発の原子炉は、ドロドロに溶けた核燃料が、圧力鍋のような容器の底を破ってコンクリートの土台にめり込み、地下へ沈みつつある。
We have to install a barrier deep in the soil and build a subterranean dam as soon as possible to prevent groundwater contaminated with radioactive materials from leaking into the ocean."
一刻も早く周辺の土中深く壁をめぐらせて地下ダムを築き、放射性物質に汚染された地下水の海洋流出を食い止めねばならない」
His comment captured public interest and when I asked a high-ranking government official about it, the official said that construction of an underground dam was indeed being prepared.
さっそく政府高官に聞いてみると、いかにも地下ダムの建設を準備中だという。
But when I probed further, I found that the project was in limbo due to opposition from TEPCO.
ところが、さらに取材すると、東電の反対で計画が宙に浮いている実態がわかった。
Sumio Mabuchi, an aide to Prime Minister Naoto Kan who is dealing with nuclear power plant issues, holds the same concerns as those expressed by Koide and has sought an announcement on construction of an underground dam, but TEPCO has resisted such a move.
原発担当の馬淵澄夫首相補佐官は小出助教と同じ危機感を抱き、地下ダム建設の発表を求めたが、東電が抵抗している。
The reason is funding.
理由は資金だ。
It would cost about 100 billion yen to build such a dam, but there is no guarantee that the government would cover the amount.
ダム建設に１０００億円かかる。国が支払う保証はない。
If an announcement were made and TEPCO were seen as incurring more liabilities, then its shares would fall once again, and the company might not be able to make it through its next general shareholders' meeting.
公表して東電の債務増と受け取られれば株価がまた下がり、株主総会を乗り切れぬというのである。
In my possession, I have a copy of the guidelines that TEPCO presented to the government on how to handle press releases.
筆者の手もとに、東電が政府に示した記者発表の対処方針と応答要領の写しがある。
The title of the document, dated June 13, is "Underground boundary' -- Regarding the press."
６月１３日付で表題は「『地下バウンダリ』プレスについて」。バウンダリ（ｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙ）は境界壁、つまり地下ダムだ。プレスは記者発表をさしている。
It is split into five categories on how to handle the announcement of construction of an underground boundary.
対処方針は５項目。
In essence, it says, "We are considering the issue under the guidance of prime ministerial aide Mabuchi, but we don't want to be seen as having excess liabilities, so we're keeping the details confidential."
要約すれば「馬淵補佐官ご指導の下、検討を進めているが、市場から債務超過と評価されたくないので詳細は内密に」だ。
Possibly the silliest response to envisaged questions from reporters is TEPCO's suggestion for a reply to the question, "Why hasn't construction been quickly started?"
応答要領の中でも愚答の極みは「なぜ早く着工せぬ」という質問に対するもので、ぬけぬけとこう書いている。
The response reads: "Underground water flows at a speed of about 5 to 10 centimeters a day, so we have more than a year before it reaches the shore."
「地下水の流速は１日５センチメートルから１０センチメートルなので、沿岸に達するまで１年以上の時間的猶予があると考えている」
Initially an announcement on the underground barrier was due to be made to the press on June 14, but it was put off until after TEPCO's general shareholders meeting on June 28.
記者発表は１４日のはずだったが、東電の株主総会（２８日）の後へ先送りされた。
In the meantime, the state of the nuclear power plant continues to deteriorate and radioactive materials are eerily spreading and contaminating the area around the plant.
福島原発の崩壊は続き、放射性物質による周辺の環境汚染が不気味に広がっている。
Which is more important: upholding share prices or stopping pollution?
株価の維持と汚染防止のどちらが大切か。
The Japanese political and business world has sunk to a level where it can't even answer such a question.
その判断もつかない日本政財界の現状である。
One government official recently commented, "I think I can understand now why the leaders during the war couldn't precisely and steadily accomplish their strategies."
政府当局者の一人がこう言った。「あの（太平洋）戦争でなぜ、指導部が的確、着実に作戦を遂行できなかったか。いまは分かる気がします」
Today, announcements from the "imperial headquarters" -- namely TEPCO's releases on its roadmap for bringing the nuclear crisis under control, which nobody believes -- are still being issued.
誰も信じない、東電の「収束に向けた工程表」という大本営発表が続いている。
Some people have compared Kan to former Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo, because he yells at his subordinates over the smallest details.
菅直人を東条英機になぞらえる向きがある。万事に細かく部下を怒鳴るからだ。
Tojo resigned in July 1944, after the fall of Saipan, when it had become likely that Japan would lose the war.
東条はサイパン島陥落で敗戦濃厚となった１９４４年７月退陣。
His successor, Kuniaki Koiso, was in office for 8 1/2 months before being replaced by Kantaro Suzuki. After this, two atomic bombs were dropped on Japan and then the war ended after a decision from the Emperor.
後継首相の小磯国昭が８カ月半。さらに鈴木貫太郎に代わり、原爆を二つ落とされ、天皇の聖断を仰いで戦争は終わった。
Why wasn't an armistice quickly implemented to put an end to further wartime damage?
なぜ、早く停戦して戦禍の拡大を防げなかったか。
It was because impossible solutions to Japan's situation in the war were flying about, common sense was lost, and the government was slow to reach a decision.
無理筋の戦局打開案が飛び交い、常識が見失われ、国の意思決定が遅れたからだ。
Yet the same sort of situation has arisen today.
今と似ている。
The most important issue now is preventing contamination from radiation.
いま最も大事な課題は放射能汚染阻止だ。
We need leaders who can focus on the core issue without being swayed by empty theory.
空論に惑わされず、核心へ集中するリーダーシップが求められている。
(By Takao Yamada, Expert Senior Writer)
（敬称略）（毎週月曜日掲載）
毎日新聞 2011年6月20日 東京朝刊
2011/06/20
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：医者の涙もけっこう ／東京
psychiatrist 精神科医 （発音注意：シカイアトリスト）サイキアトリストではない。
医者だって人間ですからね。
涙することも許されるのでしょう。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 19, 2011
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: It's okay for doctors to cry, too
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：医者の涙もけっこう ／東京
It's now been about 100 days since the March 11 earthquake.
大震災から約１００日。
For those within the disaster-hit areas, and even for those without, these 100 days have likely been an unparalleled time of tears.
被災地の人たちはもちろん、被災地以外の人にとっても、こんなにたくさんの涙を流した１００日はなかったのではないだろうか。
We can try to cheer up people gripped by sadness by encouraging them to stop crying, but lately psychiatric medicine has been moving to the view that "crying is not a bad thing."
悲しみに暮れている人を「もう泣くのはやめよう」と励ますこともあるが、最近は精神医学的にも「泣くのは悪いことではない」ということになりつつある。
By facing the truth squarely, accepting the emotions that appear and expressing them, people take their first steps toward recovery.
つらい現実ともきちんと向き合い、そこでわき起こる感情を認め、それを表現することが、立ち直りの第一歩だからだ。
What about crying in a psychiatrist's consultation room?
では、診察室での涙はどうなのだろう。
For patients, of course, it is not unusual to cry while sharing emotional stories, but I'd like to talk about when the tears come from the psychiatrist.
もちろん患者さんがいろいろな話をしながら泣いてしまうことはめずらしくないが、この場合は「医者の涙」だ。
I've been told that as we age, we start to cry more easily.
「年を取ると涙腺がゆるんで、よく泣くようになる」と言われ、
Well, it seems to be happening to me, and until recently I did all I could to avoid crying while seeing patients.
私自身もそうなりつつあり、これまで診察室では極力、涙を流さないようにしてきた。
It was my feeling that a professional psychiatrist mustn't be caught up in patients' emotions.
患者さんの感情に巻き込まれてしまうのは、心の医療のプロとしてやってはいけないことと思っていたからだ。
However, that feeling is vanishing.
ところが、その原則も崩れつつある。
Now, when I hear patients talk about being with family members at their death, or about being abused as children, I find my own eyes tearing up as I try to comfort them.
家族を見送った人の話、子ども時代に虐待を受けたという人の話などを聞いていると、「そうだったんですか」と言いながら目がうるんでしまう。
It's not only sad stories that bring tears.
悲しいときばかりではない。
The other day, a patient told me that they were taking care of a pet that was found wandering in the disaster area.
先日は、患者さんから「実は被災地で迷子になったペットを預かっている」という話を聞かされ、
I was deeply moved by this patient who, despite having an illness, had taken on the animal.
「自分も体調が悪いのにすごい！」と感動の涙を流してしまった。
When a doctor cries in front of a patient, I'm sure the patient is both surprised and unsure of how to respond. 医者が涙を浮かべると、もちろん患者さんはビックリし、戸惑うはずだ。
Some people would put a halt to their story out of consideration for the doctor, but such a result is not good for treatment.
中には気をつかって、これ以上、話をするのをやめようとする人もいる。そうなると治療的にはあまり好ましくない。
However, I have come to think that, as long as a doctor is not completely swallowed by emotion, he or she needn't completely refuse to cry.
ただ、思わず涙がこみ上げてきた場合は、感情の嵐にのみ込まれない範囲でなら、それをあえて否定しなくてもいいのではないか、とも思うようになってきた。
After taking a brief moment to collect oneself, the doctor can then encourage the patient: "Please, continue." As long as a doctor can do that, I think tears can be forgiven.
「ごめんなさい。でも、あまりにひどい話なんでつい……」と目頭を押さえ、「さあ、先を続けて」と話を促す。そうできるなら「医者の涙」も許されるのではないか。
After coming back from the disaster areas, some doctors have told me that they couldn't help but shed tears after encountering the overwhelming tragedy there.
被災地に支援に行った医師や歯科医から、「あまりの悲惨な現実に泣いてしまった。
They asked me whether I thought that was unfitting behaviour for medical professionals.
これって医療関係者として失格？」と尋ねられたこともある。
Had it been the me of 10 years ago, I may have answered that I thought it wasn't good for them to have cried.
１０年前の私なら「泣くのはよくないですね」と答えたかもしれないが、
But now, I would say that as long as it doesn't interfere with your work as a professional, there is no problem with showing either tears or laughter.
いまは違う。プロとしての仕事に支障を来さないなら、涙も笑いもおおいにけっこう。そう思うのだ。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2011年6月14日 地方版
医者だって人間ですからね。
涙することも許されるのでしょう。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 19, 2011
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: It's okay for doctors to cry, too
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：医者の涙もけっこう ／東京
It's now been about 100 days since the March 11 earthquake.
大震災から約１００日。
For those within the disaster-hit areas, and even for those without, these 100 days have likely been an unparalleled time of tears.
被災地の人たちはもちろん、被災地以外の人にとっても、こんなにたくさんの涙を流した１００日はなかったのではないだろうか。
We can try to cheer up people gripped by sadness by encouraging them to stop crying, but lately psychiatric medicine has been moving to the view that "crying is not a bad thing."
悲しみに暮れている人を「もう泣くのはやめよう」と励ますこともあるが、最近は精神医学的にも「泣くのは悪いことではない」ということになりつつある。
By facing the truth squarely, accepting the emotions that appear and expressing them, people take their first steps toward recovery.
つらい現実ともきちんと向き合い、そこでわき起こる感情を認め、それを表現することが、立ち直りの第一歩だからだ。
What about crying in a psychiatrist's consultation room?
では、診察室での涙はどうなのだろう。
For patients, of course, it is not unusual to cry while sharing emotional stories, but I'd like to talk about when the tears come from the psychiatrist.
もちろん患者さんがいろいろな話をしながら泣いてしまうことはめずらしくないが、この場合は「医者の涙」だ。
I've been told that as we age, we start to cry more easily.
「年を取ると涙腺がゆるんで、よく泣くようになる」と言われ、
Well, it seems to be happening to me, and until recently I did all I could to avoid crying while seeing patients.
私自身もそうなりつつあり、これまで診察室では極力、涙を流さないようにしてきた。
It was my feeling that a professional psychiatrist mustn't be caught up in patients' emotions.
患者さんの感情に巻き込まれてしまうのは、心の医療のプロとしてやってはいけないことと思っていたからだ。
However, that feeling is vanishing.
ところが、その原則も崩れつつある。
Now, when I hear patients talk about being with family members at their death, or about being abused as children, I find my own eyes tearing up as I try to comfort them.
家族を見送った人の話、子ども時代に虐待を受けたという人の話などを聞いていると、「そうだったんですか」と言いながら目がうるんでしまう。
It's not only sad stories that bring tears.
悲しいときばかりではない。
The other day, a patient told me that they were taking care of a pet that was found wandering in the disaster area.
先日は、患者さんから「実は被災地で迷子になったペットを預かっている」という話を聞かされ、
I was deeply moved by this patient who, despite having an illness, had taken on the animal.
「自分も体調が悪いのにすごい！」と感動の涙を流してしまった。
When a doctor cries in front of a patient, I'm sure the patient is both surprised and unsure of how to respond. 医者が涙を浮かべると、もちろん患者さんはビックリし、戸惑うはずだ。
Some people would put a halt to their story out of consideration for the doctor, but such a result is not good for treatment.
中には気をつかって、これ以上、話をするのをやめようとする人もいる。そうなると治療的にはあまり好ましくない。
However, I have come to think that, as long as a doctor is not completely swallowed by emotion, he or she needn't completely refuse to cry.
ただ、思わず涙がこみ上げてきた場合は、感情の嵐にのみ込まれない範囲でなら、それをあえて否定しなくてもいいのではないか、とも思うようになってきた。
After taking a brief moment to collect oneself, the doctor can then encourage the patient: "Please, continue." As long as a doctor can do that, I think tears can be forgiven.
「ごめんなさい。でも、あまりにひどい話なんでつい……」と目頭を押さえ、「さあ、先を続けて」と話を促す。そうできるなら「医者の涙」も許されるのではないか。
After coming back from the disaster areas, some doctors have told me that they couldn't help but shed tears after encountering the overwhelming tragedy there.
被災地に支援に行った医師や歯科医から、「あまりの悲惨な現実に泣いてしまった。
They asked me whether I thought that was unfitting behaviour for medical professionals.
これって医療関係者として失格？」と尋ねられたこともある。
Had it been the me of 10 years ago, I may have answered that I thought it wasn't good for them to have cried.
１０年前の私なら「泣くのはよくないですね」と答えたかもしれないが、
But now, I would say that as long as it doesn't interfere with your work as a professional, there is no problem with showing either tears or laughter.
いまは違う。プロとしての仕事に支障を来さないなら、涙も笑いもおおいにけっこう。そう思うのだ。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2011年6月14日 地方版
2011/06/19
社説：原発工程表 課題は山積したままだ
１０年以上かかるのではないでしょうか。
腰を据えてかかる必要があります。
放射性物質の処理技術、処理施設は大規模で開発・誘致すればよいです。
新エネルギー開発プロジェクトの推進と同時に実行すれば、
失業問題だけは一気に解決するでしょう。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 18, 2011
Mountain of problems still remains before Fukushima plant brought under control
社説：原発工程表 課題は山積したままだ
One cannot help but wonder how far efforts being made by the national government and Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO) to bring the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant under control have progressed.
福島第１原発は事故収束に向け、いったい何合目付近にいるのか。
Two months have passed since TEPCO first unveiled a roadmap for bringing the crippled plant under control, but various problems that have occurred since then show the roadmap was overly optimistic.
東京電力の工程表が示されてから２カ月。当初の見通しの甘さが次々と明らかになり、先の見えない状況が続いている。
Uncertainty over the current state of the power plant and when it could be brought under control continues to disrupt the lives of locals.
原発の現状把握と収束の見通しの不透明さは、周辺の人々の暮らしも揺さぶり続けている。
Many people probably wonder whether the wisdom and power of Japan and the rest of the world are effectively being brought together and applied in the ongoing efforts at the plant.
日本の総力、世界の知恵が現場に結集されているのか、不安に思う人も多いだろう。
The government and TEPCO recently announced updated roadmaps on bringing the Fukushima plant under control and supporting people affected by it, and they talked about how far measures in the roadmaps have been implemented.
政府や東電は工程表の改定と進捗（しんちょく）状況を公表したが、
However, they should also give a more general overview of the current situation of the nuclear power station and the outlook for stabilization of the plant, not just talk about specific measures.
個別の対策だけでなく、現状と見通しの全体像を示してほしい。
It would also be good to give an updated assessment of the level of risk involving the plant.
現在の原発のリスクがどの程度なのかも、改めて示すべきではないか。
At the Fukushima plant, of great concern now is how to treat radioactive water collected in the reactor and turbine buildings.
現時点の大きな懸念材料は、原子炉建屋やタービン建屋にたまっている放射性物質で汚染された水の処理だ。
The massive volume of the water, which is estimated to be at over 100,000 cubic meters, is obstructing work at the plant, and if removal of the contaminated water is delayed, it could leak into the ground around the structures or into the sea.
総量は１０万立方メートルを超すとみられ、現場での作業を阻む。処理が遅れると、汚染水が建屋周辺や海に漏れ出してしまう恐れがある。
TEPCO has been setting up a system that includes parts from French and U.S. makers to decontaminate the radioactive water and return it to the reactors, which would allow cooling of the nuclear fuel without bringing in water from the outside, which could leak and increase the amount of trapped radioactive water.
東電は汚染水を浄化して原子炉に戻す「循環注水冷却システム」の構築をフランスや米国の装置を組み合わせながら進めてきた。
汚染水を増やさずに核燃料を冷却する苦肉の策だが、
However, running of the system has been delayed after a water leak and other problems.
装置の水漏れなどで稼働が遅れ続けた。
Further delay-causing problems could occur if TEPCO does not first ferret out and correct their root causes.
たび重なるトラブルの根本的な原因がどこにあるのか。きちんと解明した上でこの先の冷却システムの構築を進めないと、さらに作業が遅れる恐れがある。
Furthermore, although the water circulation system has started now, how long should it be run?
循環注水冷却システムが稼働しても、それをいつまで続ければいいのか。
It is also not clear what officials mean when they refer to stability of the plant, when we have not only a meltdown in the inner containment vessels, but the possibility of melted fuel having made its way to the outer containment vessels.
メルトダウンどころか、溶融燃料が格納容器にまで漏れ出している可能性がある中で、「原発の安定」が何を意味するのかも、もうひとつはっきりしない。
Dealing with the highly radioactive waste sludge that will be left after cleansing the radioactive water is another problem, and since Japan is encountering this and other issues with the nuclear disaster for the first time, work has had to start from the research and development phase.
汚染水処理の後に残る高濃度の汚泥の処理も難題だ。初めての経験だけに研究開発から始めなくてはならない。
According to the roadmap, TEPCO will aim to store the radioactive sludge and will evaluate the construction of shielding walls to keep radioactive water from contaminating nearby groundwater and nearby sea in mid-July or later, but the utility and the government should take quicker action.
工程表は、汚泥の保管・管理や、地下水による海の汚染を防ぐ遮蔽（しゃへい）壁の検討を７月中旬以降の課題と位置づけたが、もっと早い対応が必要ではないか。
Measures to minimize nuclear plant workers' exposure to radiation and improve their medical care have been incorporated into the updated roadmap and are important steps needed to support workers at the plant for the years to come.
今回、新たに工程表に盛り込まれた作業員の放射線管理と医療体制の改善は、今後、何年にもわたる作業を続けるための要でもある。
Workers who had internal exposure to high levels of radiation were recently revealed, but it was months after their exposure.
今ごろになって高い内部被ばくが明らかになってきているが、
The government and TEPCO need to speed up full measurements of workers' exposures to radiation and efforts to minimize their exposure.
もっと迅速に全身測定と被ばく管理を進めるべきだ。
Another problem is that the evacuation of residents near the power plant is still confused.
周辺住民の避難対策も混乱が続いている。
Although it is important to take care of residents near "hot spots" -- areas of relatively high levels of radiation including ones far from the plant -- the government also needs to give clear guidance to residents in areas that fall under designated evacuation zones while only having had low levels of radiation detected.
避難区域以外でも局所的に線量の高いホットスポット地域の対策は重要だが、一方で、緊急時避難準備区域に指定されながら線量の低い地域の対策も急がれる。
The central government and TEPCO may not have changed the time frames for their roadmaps, but the fact is that a massive number of issues remain to be addressed before the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant is brought under control.
政府も東電も工程表の目標達成時期を変えていないが、課題は山積したままだ。
毎日新聞 2011年6月18日 2時32分
腰を据えてかかる必要があります。
放射性物質の処理技術、処理施設は大規模で開発・誘致すればよいです。
新エネルギー開発プロジェクトの推進と同時に実行すれば、
失業問題だけは一気に解決するでしょう。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 18, 2011
Mountain of problems still remains before Fukushima plant brought under control
社説：原発工程表 課題は山積したままだ
One cannot help but wonder how far efforts being made by the national government and Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO) to bring the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant under control have progressed.
福島第１原発は事故収束に向け、いったい何合目付近にいるのか。
Two months have passed since TEPCO first unveiled a roadmap for bringing the crippled plant under control, but various problems that have occurred since then show the roadmap was overly optimistic.
東京電力の工程表が示されてから２カ月。当初の見通しの甘さが次々と明らかになり、先の見えない状況が続いている。
Uncertainty over the current state of the power plant and when it could be brought under control continues to disrupt the lives of locals.
原発の現状把握と収束の見通しの不透明さは、周辺の人々の暮らしも揺さぶり続けている。
Many people probably wonder whether the wisdom and power of Japan and the rest of the world are effectively being brought together and applied in the ongoing efforts at the plant.
日本の総力、世界の知恵が現場に結集されているのか、不安に思う人も多いだろう。
The government and TEPCO recently announced updated roadmaps on bringing the Fukushima plant under control and supporting people affected by it, and they talked about how far measures in the roadmaps have been implemented.
政府や東電は工程表の改定と進捗（しんちょく）状況を公表したが、
However, they should also give a more general overview of the current situation of the nuclear power station and the outlook for stabilization of the plant, not just talk about specific measures.
個別の対策だけでなく、現状と見通しの全体像を示してほしい。
It would also be good to give an updated assessment of the level of risk involving the plant.
現在の原発のリスクがどの程度なのかも、改めて示すべきではないか。
At the Fukushima plant, of great concern now is how to treat radioactive water collected in the reactor and turbine buildings.
現時点の大きな懸念材料は、原子炉建屋やタービン建屋にたまっている放射性物質で汚染された水の処理だ。
The massive volume of the water, which is estimated to be at over 100,000 cubic meters, is obstructing work at the plant, and if removal of the contaminated water is delayed, it could leak into the ground around the structures or into the sea.
総量は１０万立方メートルを超すとみられ、現場での作業を阻む。処理が遅れると、汚染水が建屋周辺や海に漏れ出してしまう恐れがある。
TEPCO has been setting up a system that includes parts from French and U.S. makers to decontaminate the radioactive water and return it to the reactors, which would allow cooling of the nuclear fuel without bringing in water from the outside, which could leak and increase the amount of trapped radioactive water.
東電は汚染水を浄化して原子炉に戻す「循環注水冷却システム」の構築をフランスや米国の装置を組み合わせながら進めてきた。
汚染水を増やさずに核燃料を冷却する苦肉の策だが、
However, running of the system has been delayed after a water leak and other problems.
装置の水漏れなどで稼働が遅れ続けた。
Further delay-causing problems could occur if TEPCO does not first ferret out and correct their root causes.
たび重なるトラブルの根本的な原因がどこにあるのか。きちんと解明した上でこの先の冷却システムの構築を進めないと、さらに作業が遅れる恐れがある。
Furthermore, although the water circulation system has started now, how long should it be run?
循環注水冷却システムが稼働しても、それをいつまで続ければいいのか。
It is also not clear what officials mean when they refer to stability of the plant, when we have not only a meltdown in the inner containment vessels, but the possibility of melted fuel having made its way to the outer containment vessels.
メルトダウンどころか、溶融燃料が格納容器にまで漏れ出している可能性がある中で、「原発の安定」が何を意味するのかも、もうひとつはっきりしない。
Dealing with the highly radioactive waste sludge that will be left after cleansing the radioactive water is another problem, and since Japan is encountering this and other issues with the nuclear disaster for the first time, work has had to start from the research and development phase.
汚染水処理の後に残る高濃度の汚泥の処理も難題だ。初めての経験だけに研究開発から始めなくてはならない。
According to the roadmap, TEPCO will aim to store the radioactive sludge and will evaluate the construction of shielding walls to keep radioactive water from contaminating nearby groundwater and nearby sea in mid-July or later, but the utility and the government should take quicker action.
工程表は、汚泥の保管・管理や、地下水による海の汚染を防ぐ遮蔽（しゃへい）壁の検討を７月中旬以降の課題と位置づけたが、もっと早い対応が必要ではないか。
Measures to minimize nuclear plant workers' exposure to radiation and improve their medical care have been incorporated into the updated roadmap and are important steps needed to support workers at the plant for the years to come.
今回、新たに工程表に盛り込まれた作業員の放射線管理と医療体制の改善は、今後、何年にもわたる作業を続けるための要でもある。
Workers who had internal exposure to high levels of radiation were recently revealed, but it was months after their exposure.
今ごろになって高い内部被ばくが明らかになってきているが、
The government and TEPCO need to speed up full measurements of workers' exposures to radiation and efforts to minimize their exposure.
もっと迅速に全身測定と被ばく管理を進めるべきだ。
Another problem is that the evacuation of residents near the power plant is still confused.
周辺住民の避難対策も混乱が続いている。
Although it is important to take care of residents near "hot spots" -- areas of relatively high levels of radiation including ones far from the plant -- the government also needs to give clear guidance to residents in areas that fall under designated evacuation zones while only having had low levels of radiation detected.
避難区域以外でも局所的に線量の高いホットスポット地域の対策は重要だが、一方で、緊急時避難準備区域に指定されながら線量の低い地域の対策も急がれる。
The central government and TEPCO may not have changed the time frames for their roadmaps, but the fact is that a massive number of issues remain to be addressed before the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant is brought under control.
政府も東電も工程表の目標達成時期を変えていないが、課題は山積したままだ。
毎日新聞 2011年6月18日 2時32分
2011/06/18
震災復興特区―１国２制度の意気で
宮沢賢治の農民芸術概論が参考になるかも。
震災と津波で生じた跡地利用が鍵になるでしょう。
陰湿で閉鎖的かつ排他的な漁業協同組合の体質は改めた方がよい。
まず漁業権を民間企業に解放する。
跡地に大規模なソーラーパネルの製造工場を誘致する。
跡地に大規模な馬鈴薯畑をつくり、バイオ燃料の基地とする。
居住区は、やはり高台に移転する。
中国のような経済特区をつくるのも効果的。
（スラチャイ）
2011/06/17
-- The Asahi Shimbun, June 16, 2011
EDITORIAL: Government must support prefectures' redevelopment plans
震災復興特区―１国２制度の意気で
More than three months since the Great East Japan Earthquake, local governments in affected areas are beginning to come up with plans for reconstruction while still working overtime to deal with the aftermath of the calamity.
東日本大震災から３カ月余り。被災した自治体は復旧作業に追われつつ、復興への構想をまとめ始めた。
Miyagi and Iwate prefectures have presented their plans to create special zones for regional redevelopment to the central government's council on post-disaster reconstruction.
宮城、岩手両県は、それぞれ復興特区構想を政府の復興構想会議に示した。
The two prefectures envision special zones to relocate devastated communities to areas on high ground, promote local industries, develop local transportation networks and build new medical, welfare and education facilities. The local governments are calling on the state to support these plans by providing special subsidies and unifying and simplifying the related administrative procedures that are cumbersome and highly bureaucratic.
高台への移住を核とするまちづくりや産業再興、交通網や医療・福祉、教育の整備などで、国からの補助金を手厚くしたり、省庁の縦割りに伴う様々な手続きを一本化・簡素化したりすることを求めている。
The central government has a duty to respond positively to these requests.
要望に応えていくことは国の責任だろう。
Notable about the two prefecture's special zone proposals is that they include ideas that could lead to solutions to some key policy challenges facing the entire nation.
両県の特区構想で注目したいのは、日本全体が抱える課題への突破口になりうる案が含まれていることだ。
Miyagi Prefecture, for instance, has come up with a plan to establish a special zone for rebuilding the battered local fisheries industry by allowing private-sector companies to enter the business of off-shore fishing, which is now effectively monopolized by local fishery cooperatives.
宮城県は水産業復興特区として、漁協がほぼ独占している沿岸漁業への民間企業の参入を打ち出した。
The plan is aimed at tapping the financial and intellectual resources of the private sector to revitalize the fisheries sector, which is struggling with the familiar problems of an aging workforce and a shortage of young fishermen.
後継者がいないまま高齢化が進む地元漁業に、民間の資金や知恵を呼び込むのが狙いだ。
While the local fishery cooperatives are opposed to the proposal, Miyagi Governor Yoshihiro Murai is strongly committed to the idea.
漁協は反発しているが、村井嘉浩知事は強い意欲を示している。
In contrast to the deregulation zone plan for the fishery industry, the prefecture's special zone proposal to rebuild local agriculture and farming villages calls for tighter regulation.
農業・農村モデル創出特区では、漁業とは逆に規制強化を訴える。
It would restrict the use of farmland by the landowners and tenants and put the land under municipal control for a certain period of time for the development of agricultural infrastructure and distribution of the land by the local governments.
農地の所有者や借地人の土地利用を制限し、市町村などが一定期間管理して基盤整備し、土地を配分するという案だ。
The proposal is aimed at promoting larger-scale and more efficient agriculture.
大規模で効率的な農業を目指す考えが土台にある。
Iwate Prefecture has proposed a "Tohoku international science and technology research special zone."
岩手県は「ＴＯＨＯＫＵ国際科学技術研究特区」を掲げる。
It would create a special zone for cutting-edge research in the three areas of ocean, disaster prevention and energy.
海洋、防災、エネルギーの３分野で先端研究ゾーンを造ろうと、
The prefecture is pressing the central government to ease the regulations concerning housing, education and residence status to make it easier to invite foreign researchers to work in the special zone.
海外の研究者を呼び込むために住まいや教育、在留資格などで規制緩和を求めている。
To help realize these proposals, it is vital for the state to give the local governments both the powers and revenue sources needed.
構想を実現するには、自治体に権限と財源をセットで確保することが欠かせない。
In Japan, the first major special zone program was launched by the administration of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi to promote his structural reform initiative.
特区では、小泉内閣が始めた構造改革特区が知られる。
The program is still alive with the continuing designation of areas as new special deregulation zones.
特区の認定は今も続いており、
The number of such special zones has surpassed 1,100.
１１００を超えた。
But this program brings the benefits of deregulation only to specific industries and businesses, as symbolized by the "doburoku (raw sake) special zone."
しかし、「どぶろく特区」に象徴される通り、規制緩和の効果は個別の分野・事業に限られる。
These special zones are all very small in both scale and scope.
いかにも小粒だ。
The two main factors behind this are the system for designation that requires negotiations with the ministries and agencies regulating the industries and businesses involved and the lack of fiscal and tax incentives.
権限を持つ省庁と交渉してから認定する仕組みになっていることと、財政・税制の優遇措置を欠いたことが原因だ。
The special zone proposals put forward by Miyagi and Iwate prefectures require effective coordination among the multiple ministries and agencies involved.
宮城、岩手両県の特区構想は複数の省庁にまたがる。
And effective fiscal and tax incentives are also needed to support their efforts.
財政・税制上の後押しも必要だろう。
The proposals should prompt the central government to make a comprehensive review of the related laws and regulations.
構想を出発点に、一括して規制や法律を見直すことだ。
One key step would be to scrap the current state subsidies for specific local government expenditures based on the rigid division of powers and responsibilities among ministries and agencies and introduce instead a new program to provide prefectures and municipalities with state funds they can use freely over several years.
省庁縦割りの補助金から、使い道を自由に決められ、数年度にわたって支出できる一括交付金に切り替える。
The special zones in disaster areas should be supported by more powerful measures than simple incentives for investment, such as exempting companies operating in these zones from corporate taxation for a certain period of time.
特区内の企業は法人税を一定期間免除するなど、
These zones should be put under a different set of regulations according to a sort of "one country, two systems" approach.
投資優遇を超えた「１国２制度」的な措置に踏み込めないか。
Localities should be allowed and encouraged to take the initiative in the efforts to shape a new future for the nation.
地方が主導権を握りつつ、あすの日本を切り開く。
The ideas for reconstruction in disaster-hit areas proposed by local governments in the areas should be fully respected.
現場発の構想を大切にしたい。
震災と津波で生じた跡地利用が鍵になるでしょう。
陰湿で閉鎖的かつ排他的な漁業協同組合の体質は改めた方がよい。
まず漁業権を民間企業に解放する。
跡地に大規模なソーラーパネルの製造工場を誘致する。
跡地に大規模な馬鈴薯畑をつくり、バイオ燃料の基地とする。
居住区は、やはり高台に移転する。
中国のような経済特区をつくるのも効果的。
（スラチャイ）
2011/06/17
-- The Asahi Shimbun, June 16, 2011
EDITORIAL: Government must support prefectures' redevelopment plans
震災復興特区―１国２制度の意気で
More than three months since the Great East Japan Earthquake, local governments in affected areas are beginning to come up with plans for reconstruction while still working overtime to deal with the aftermath of the calamity.
東日本大震災から３カ月余り。被災した自治体は復旧作業に追われつつ、復興への構想をまとめ始めた。
Miyagi and Iwate prefectures have presented their plans to create special zones for regional redevelopment to the central government's council on post-disaster reconstruction.
宮城、岩手両県は、それぞれ復興特区構想を政府の復興構想会議に示した。
The two prefectures envision special zones to relocate devastated communities to areas on high ground, promote local industries, develop local transportation networks and build new medical, welfare and education facilities. The local governments are calling on the state to support these plans by providing special subsidies and unifying and simplifying the related administrative procedures that are cumbersome and highly bureaucratic.
高台への移住を核とするまちづくりや産業再興、交通網や医療・福祉、教育の整備などで、国からの補助金を手厚くしたり、省庁の縦割りに伴う様々な手続きを一本化・簡素化したりすることを求めている。
The central government has a duty to respond positively to these requests.
要望に応えていくことは国の責任だろう。
Notable about the two prefecture's special zone proposals is that they include ideas that could lead to solutions to some key policy challenges facing the entire nation.
両県の特区構想で注目したいのは、日本全体が抱える課題への突破口になりうる案が含まれていることだ。
Miyagi Prefecture, for instance, has come up with a plan to establish a special zone for rebuilding the battered local fisheries industry by allowing private-sector companies to enter the business of off-shore fishing, which is now effectively monopolized by local fishery cooperatives.
宮城県は水産業復興特区として、漁協がほぼ独占している沿岸漁業への民間企業の参入を打ち出した。
The plan is aimed at tapping the financial and intellectual resources of the private sector to revitalize the fisheries sector, which is struggling with the familiar problems of an aging workforce and a shortage of young fishermen.
後継者がいないまま高齢化が進む地元漁業に、民間の資金や知恵を呼び込むのが狙いだ。
While the local fishery cooperatives are opposed to the proposal, Miyagi Governor Yoshihiro Murai is strongly committed to the idea.
漁協は反発しているが、村井嘉浩知事は強い意欲を示している。
In contrast to the deregulation zone plan for the fishery industry, the prefecture's special zone proposal to rebuild local agriculture and farming villages calls for tighter regulation.
農業・農村モデル創出特区では、漁業とは逆に規制強化を訴える。
It would restrict the use of farmland by the landowners and tenants and put the land under municipal control for a certain period of time for the development of agricultural infrastructure and distribution of the land by the local governments.
農地の所有者や借地人の土地利用を制限し、市町村などが一定期間管理して基盤整備し、土地を配分するという案だ。
The proposal is aimed at promoting larger-scale and more efficient agriculture.
大規模で効率的な農業を目指す考えが土台にある。
Iwate Prefecture has proposed a "Tohoku international science and technology research special zone."
岩手県は「ＴＯＨＯＫＵ国際科学技術研究特区」を掲げる。
It would create a special zone for cutting-edge research in the three areas of ocean, disaster prevention and energy.
海洋、防災、エネルギーの３分野で先端研究ゾーンを造ろうと、
The prefecture is pressing the central government to ease the regulations concerning housing, education and residence status to make it easier to invite foreign researchers to work in the special zone.
海外の研究者を呼び込むために住まいや教育、在留資格などで規制緩和を求めている。
To help realize these proposals, it is vital for the state to give the local governments both the powers and revenue sources needed.
構想を実現するには、自治体に権限と財源をセットで確保することが欠かせない。
In Japan, the first major special zone program was launched by the administration of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi to promote his structural reform initiative.
特区では、小泉内閣が始めた構造改革特区が知られる。
The program is still alive with the continuing designation of areas as new special deregulation zones.
特区の認定は今も続いており、
The number of such special zones has surpassed 1,100.
１１００を超えた。
But this program brings the benefits of deregulation only to specific industries and businesses, as symbolized by the "doburoku (raw sake) special zone."
しかし、「どぶろく特区」に象徴される通り、規制緩和の効果は個別の分野・事業に限られる。
These special zones are all very small in both scale and scope.
いかにも小粒だ。
The two main factors behind this are the system for designation that requires negotiations with the ministries and agencies regulating the industries and businesses involved and the lack of fiscal and tax incentives.
権限を持つ省庁と交渉してから認定する仕組みになっていることと、財政・税制の優遇措置を欠いたことが原因だ。
The special zone proposals put forward by Miyagi and Iwate prefectures require effective coordination among the multiple ministries and agencies involved.
宮城、岩手両県の特区構想は複数の省庁にまたがる。
And effective fiscal and tax incentives are also needed to support their efforts.
財政・税制上の後押しも必要だろう。
The proposals should prompt the central government to make a comprehensive review of the related laws and regulations.
構想を出発点に、一括して規制や法律を見直すことだ。
One key step would be to scrap the current state subsidies for specific local government expenditures based on the rigid division of powers and responsibilities among ministries and agencies and introduce instead a new program to provide prefectures and municipalities with state funds they can use freely over several years.
省庁縦割りの補助金から、使い道を自由に決められ、数年度にわたって支出できる一括交付金に切り替える。
The special zones in disaster areas should be supported by more powerful measures than simple incentives for investment, such as exempting companies operating in these zones from corporate taxation for a certain period of time.
特区内の企業は法人税を一定期間免除するなど、
These zones should be put under a different set of regulations according to a sort of "one country, two systems" approach.
投資優遇を超えた「１国２制度」的な措置に踏み込めないか。
Localities should be allowed and encouraged to take the initiative in the efforts to shape a new future for the nation.
地方が主導権を握りつつ、あすの日本を切り開く。
The ideas for reconstruction in disaster-hit areas proposed by local governments in the areas should be fully respected.
現場発の構想を大切にしたい。
2011/06/17
木語：原発事故政局を疑う＝金子秀敏
最近、毎日新聞がおもしろい。
火論、水説、木語と毎日を連続で掲載。
結構、面白い。良く書けていると思う。
読売や朝日も大切な情報源なので毎日かかさず読んでいる。
つまるところ、新聞記事というのは、いわば記者の魂。
読売や朝日の記事は、一人の記者ではなくて、社説グループで書いているのではないのか。
だから、あんまり面白くない。
それでも、各新聞社には感謝している。
大切な情報源なのだから。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 16, 2011
Game of chicken over Kan resignation threatens chaos during Japan's time of crisis
木語：原発事故政局を疑う＝金子秀敏
＜ｍｏｋｕ－ｇｏ＞
The push to oust Prime Minister Naoto Kan has made me distinctly uncomfortable lately.
昨今の菅降ろしが、どうも腑（ふ）に落ちない。
The opposition parties have been calling on Kan to step down -- and soon -- for his failure to handle the Fukushima nuclear crisis.
菅直人首相では原発事故の処理ができないと野党が退陣を要求している。
Top figures in the ruling Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) such as Secretary-General Katsuya Okada and Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano have also spoken openly of Kan stepping down.
政権与党の岡田克也幹事長や枝野幸男官房長官まで任命権者である党代表・首相の退陣を口にする。
DPJ Acting President Yoshito Sengoku has even said Kan would be gone within the month while he was reportedly sharing his personal opinions with opposition party executives over who could be the next prime minister.
仙谷由人官房副長官などは「月内退陣」を公言し、野党幹部と次の首相を私議したという。まさに乱世だ。
These are indeed troubled times -- but not just troubled.
Something about this whole situation is strange.
だが変だ。
I have to ask: When and how did Naoto Kan fail to deal with the nuclear disaster?
菅首相はいつ、どのように事故処理に失敗したのか。
What measures could any other prime minister have implemented?
だれが首相なら、どのような対策ができるか。
No-one has yet to say anything on these questions.
だれも言わない。
For a short while, critics fixed on the alleged prime ministerial order to halt cooling operations at the crippled Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant in the turbulent hours after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.
一時、海水注入を中断させたと騒がれたが、
It turned out that there was never such an order.
事実ではなかった。
The only thing both the opposition and ruling parties are talking about is when: when Kan will vacate the prime minister's residence.
与野党が論じているのはもっぱら退陣の時期である。
Even Kan himself, trying to fend off calls for an early exit, has sought to muddy the timetable for his exit by saying he would stay on "until a certain point in resolving the crisis has been reached."
菅首相も、事故処理に「一定のめどがつくまで」と、退陣時期をぼかして防戦している。
Perhaps the real reason for the attempts to oust Kan has nothing to do with how he dealt with the nuclear crisis. 菅降ろしの理由は、ほんとうは原発事故対応の失敗ではないのではないか。
Let's have a look back to before the disaster, at the March 4 House of Councillors Budget Committee meeting, and the March 11 accounting committee meeting of the same chamber.
３月１１日の東日本大震災の前に戻ってみる。
At the March 4 committee, then Foreign Minister Seiji Maehara, Finance Minister Yoshihiko Noda, and Government Revitalization Minister Renho were assailed by members of the largest opposition Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) over alleged donations from a suspect in a tax evasion case.
３月４日の参院予算委、１１日の参院決算委員会だ。
予算委では自民党議員が、前原誠司外相、野田佳彦財務相、蓮舫行政刷新担当相を脱税事件の容疑者から献金を受けたとして攻めた。
Maehara was also attacked for taking a donation from a foreign resident, and resigned from his portfolio two days later.
前原氏は在日外国人からの献金も突かれ、２日後に外相を辞任した。
At the March 11 accounting meeting, before the shaking of the Great East Japan Earthquake started, suspicion was also cast on Kan for taking donations from a foreign national -- forbidden under Japan's political funding laws.
決算委では菅首相が外国人献金疑惑を追及された。
Kan opponents were beginning to craft a knock-out punch in the upper house that week, with dodgy political donations as its driving force.
参院で菅政権打倒の「献金政局」が始まった－－
And then the earthquake came, freezing speculation and suspicion in its tracks.
そのとたん大震災で疑惑追及は止まった。
During the June 3 upper house budget committee meeting, however, the LDP revived accusations of illicit donations to the prime minister, finance minister and revitalization minister.
６月３日、自民党は参院予算委で首相、財務相、行政刷新相の献金追及を再開した。
The opposition apparently intends to pry deeper before the end of the session on June 22, including calling on witnesses to testify in the chamber.
２２日の会期末まで、参考人招致などで菅首相らを追及するらしい。
So, perhaps it is all this that really crippled the Kan Cabinet, not the nuclear crisis.
とすれば菅政権が追いつめられているのはこの問題ではないか。
If the LDP can confirm the illicit donations to the ministers, then a number of bills including a vital special law on public debt will not pass the upper house.
自民党は、献金を認めなければ公債特例法案などを参院で通さない。
If the upper house votes to censure the ministers, then parliamentary business will grind to a halt.
問責決議なら国会は止まる。
Furthermore, if the prime minister admits to taking donations from a foreigner, he will be pushed to resign from the Diet entirely.
首相が献金を認めれば議員辞職を迫る。
Years ago, when a postal reform bill was rejected by the upper house while Junichiro Koizumi was prime minister, Koizumi dissolved the House of Representatives and held an election.
かつて小泉純一郎首相は参院で郵政改革法案を否決されて衆院を解散した。
Dissolution of the Diet was his trump card, but one that's impossible to play now.
解散は切り札だ。
Northeast Japan remains a disaster zone and is incapable of carrying out an election.
だがいまは東北地方で選挙ができない。
If the Diet was dissolved today, Japan would descend into chaos.
解散したら日本は大混乱だ。
However, even with such terrible repercussions possible, if Kan and the LDP continue their game of chicken, dissolution is possible.
しかし、そんなことはかまわずに自民党と菅首相がチキンゲームを続けるなら解散の可能性はある。
Both ruling and opposition party members of the lower house find the idea frightening.
衆院議員は与野党とも解散が怖い。
If the donations issue came to dominate the political situation, then Kan would have nowhere to run.
献金政局を表に出すと首相は逃げ場を失うので、
So, perhaps to avoid the dangers of Diet dissolution, the nuclear crisis is being used to give Kan the chance of an "honorable resignation."
原発処理を口実に辞任する「名誉ある撤退」でおさめようとしているのではないか。
However, Kan refuses to give up the game of chicken.
ところが首相はチキンゲームをやめない。
Containing the leak of radioactive material from the Fukushima plant is priority No. 1, and no-one in Japan is applauding the LDP's muckraking over alleged illicit political donations in this time of national crisis.
原発から漏れる放射能を封じ込めるのが最優先の、こんな非常時に献金疑惑の追及をする自民党に国民は拍手しない。
Maybe that's what Kan is thinking as well as he clings to his post.
そう首相は考えているのかもしれない。
If this were indeed the case, I would feel more at ease.
こう読めば腑に落ちる。
(By Hidetoshi Kaneko, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年6月16日 東京朝刊
火論、水説、木語と毎日を連続で掲載。
結構、面白い。良く書けていると思う。
読売や朝日も大切な情報源なので毎日かかさず読んでいる。
つまるところ、新聞記事というのは、いわば記者の魂。
読売や朝日の記事は、一人の記者ではなくて、社説グループで書いているのではないのか。
だから、あんまり面白くない。
それでも、各新聞社には感謝している。
大切な情報源なのだから。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 16, 2011
Game of chicken over Kan resignation threatens chaos during Japan's time of crisis
木語：原発事故政局を疑う＝金子秀敏
＜ｍｏｋｕ－ｇｏ＞
The push to oust Prime Minister Naoto Kan has made me distinctly uncomfortable lately.
昨今の菅降ろしが、どうも腑（ふ）に落ちない。
The opposition parties have been calling on Kan to step down -- and soon -- for his failure to handle the Fukushima nuclear crisis.
菅直人首相では原発事故の処理ができないと野党が退陣を要求している。
Top figures in the ruling Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) such as Secretary-General Katsuya Okada and Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano have also spoken openly of Kan stepping down.
政権与党の岡田克也幹事長や枝野幸男官房長官まで任命権者である党代表・首相の退陣を口にする。
DPJ Acting President Yoshito Sengoku has even said Kan would be gone within the month while he was reportedly sharing his personal opinions with opposition party executives over who could be the next prime minister.
仙谷由人官房副長官などは「月内退陣」を公言し、野党幹部と次の首相を私議したという。まさに乱世だ。
These are indeed troubled times -- but not just troubled.
Something about this whole situation is strange.
だが変だ。
I have to ask: When and how did Naoto Kan fail to deal with the nuclear disaster?
菅首相はいつ、どのように事故処理に失敗したのか。
What measures could any other prime minister have implemented?
だれが首相なら、どのような対策ができるか。
No-one has yet to say anything on these questions.
だれも言わない。
For a short while, critics fixed on the alleged prime ministerial order to halt cooling operations at the crippled Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant in the turbulent hours after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.
一時、海水注入を中断させたと騒がれたが、
It turned out that there was never such an order.
事実ではなかった。
The only thing both the opposition and ruling parties are talking about is when: when Kan will vacate the prime minister's residence.
与野党が論じているのはもっぱら退陣の時期である。
Even Kan himself, trying to fend off calls for an early exit, has sought to muddy the timetable for his exit by saying he would stay on "until a certain point in resolving the crisis has been reached."
菅首相も、事故処理に「一定のめどがつくまで」と、退陣時期をぼかして防戦している。
Perhaps the real reason for the attempts to oust Kan has nothing to do with how he dealt with the nuclear crisis. 菅降ろしの理由は、ほんとうは原発事故対応の失敗ではないのではないか。
Let's have a look back to before the disaster, at the March 4 House of Councillors Budget Committee meeting, and the March 11 accounting committee meeting of the same chamber.
３月１１日の東日本大震災の前に戻ってみる。
At the March 4 committee, then Foreign Minister Seiji Maehara, Finance Minister Yoshihiko Noda, and Government Revitalization Minister Renho were assailed by members of the largest opposition Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) over alleged donations from a suspect in a tax evasion case.
３月４日の参院予算委、１１日の参院決算委員会だ。
予算委では自民党議員が、前原誠司外相、野田佳彦財務相、蓮舫行政刷新担当相を脱税事件の容疑者から献金を受けたとして攻めた。
Maehara was also attacked for taking a donation from a foreign resident, and resigned from his portfolio two days later.
前原氏は在日外国人からの献金も突かれ、２日後に外相を辞任した。
At the March 11 accounting meeting, before the shaking of the Great East Japan Earthquake started, suspicion was also cast on Kan for taking donations from a foreign national -- forbidden under Japan's political funding laws.
決算委では菅首相が外国人献金疑惑を追及された。
Kan opponents were beginning to craft a knock-out punch in the upper house that week, with dodgy political donations as its driving force.
参院で菅政権打倒の「献金政局」が始まった－－
And then the earthquake came, freezing speculation and suspicion in its tracks.
そのとたん大震災で疑惑追及は止まった。
During the June 3 upper house budget committee meeting, however, the LDP revived accusations of illicit donations to the prime minister, finance minister and revitalization minister.
６月３日、自民党は参院予算委で首相、財務相、行政刷新相の献金追及を再開した。
The opposition apparently intends to pry deeper before the end of the session on June 22, including calling on witnesses to testify in the chamber.
２２日の会期末まで、参考人招致などで菅首相らを追及するらしい。
So, perhaps it is all this that really crippled the Kan Cabinet, not the nuclear crisis.
とすれば菅政権が追いつめられているのはこの問題ではないか。
If the LDP can confirm the illicit donations to the ministers, then a number of bills including a vital special law on public debt will not pass the upper house.
自民党は、献金を認めなければ公債特例法案などを参院で通さない。
If the upper house votes to censure the ministers, then parliamentary business will grind to a halt.
問責決議なら国会は止まる。
Furthermore, if the prime minister admits to taking donations from a foreigner, he will be pushed to resign from the Diet entirely.
首相が献金を認めれば議員辞職を迫る。
Years ago, when a postal reform bill was rejected by the upper house while Junichiro Koizumi was prime minister, Koizumi dissolved the House of Representatives and held an election.
かつて小泉純一郎首相は参院で郵政改革法案を否決されて衆院を解散した。
Dissolution of the Diet was his trump card, but one that's impossible to play now.
解散は切り札だ。
Northeast Japan remains a disaster zone and is incapable of carrying out an election.
だがいまは東北地方で選挙ができない。
If the Diet was dissolved today, Japan would descend into chaos.
解散したら日本は大混乱だ。
However, even with such terrible repercussions possible, if Kan and the LDP continue their game of chicken, dissolution is possible.
しかし、そんなことはかまわずに自民党と菅首相がチキンゲームを続けるなら解散の可能性はある。
Both ruling and opposition party members of the lower house find the idea frightening.
衆院議員は与野党とも解散が怖い。
If the donations issue came to dominate the political situation, then Kan would have nowhere to run.
献金政局を表に出すと首相は逃げ場を失うので、
So, perhaps to avoid the dangers of Diet dissolution, the nuclear crisis is being used to give Kan the chance of an "honorable resignation."
原発処理を口実に辞任する「名誉ある撤退」でおさめようとしているのではないか。
However, Kan refuses to give up the game of chicken.
ところが首相はチキンゲームをやめない。
Containing the leak of radioactive material from the Fukushima plant is priority No. 1, and no-one in Japan is applauding the LDP's muckraking over alleged illicit political donations in this time of national crisis.
原発から漏れる放射能を封じ込めるのが最優先の、こんな非常時に献金疑惑の追及をする自民党に国民は拍手しない。
Maybe that's what Kan is thinking as well as he clings to his post.
そう首相は考えているのかもしれない。
If this were indeed the case, I would feel more at ease.
こう読めば腑に落ちる。
(By Hidetoshi Kaneko, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年6月16日 東京朝刊
2011/06/16
水説：ウサギ狩りの効率＝潮田道夫
I would like to go for a car with a solar-powered engine.
私だったらソーラーパワーエンジン搭載車に乗ります＾＾。
現状ではまだ高価なソーラーパネルですが、日本の技術の粋を集めて大量生産ができれば、解決します。
日本のお家芸ICメモリーボードの制作技術に習えばよいのです。
CPUではアメリカのインテル社に完全に出し抜かれてはいますが、メモリーボードでは日本が世界一です。
ソーラーパネルだって、世界一の座を狙えるはずだし、また、そうすべきだと考えます。
ソフトバンクの孫社長がソーラーパネル業界への進出を狙っているようですね。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 15, 2011
Japan's renewable energy plans: Chasing rabbits using solar power?
水説：ウサギ狩りの効率＝潮田道夫
＜ｓｕｉ－ｓｅｔｓｕ＞
Some readers may have heard of the "rabbit limit," a term coined by Swedish environmental researcher Folke Guenther that relates to energy use. We can explain it as follows:
「ウサギの限界則」というのをご存じ？ フォルケ・ギュンターというスウェーデンの環境学者の造語である。
Suppose there were only humans and rabbits in the world, and people had to rely on rabbits as a food source.
この世に人間とウサギしかいないとする。あなたはウサギを食料とするほかない。
If a person spent all their energy chasing rabbits, when they caught one they may not get enough energy from the meat to survive.
だが、追いかけ回して疲労困憊（こんぱい）したのでは、ウサギを捕まえても、その肉から得られるカロリーでは栄養が足りず命をつないでいけない。
The energy spent chasing the rabbits would have to be lower than the amount of energy obtained from eating them for a person to keep living.
ウサギ捕りに投資するエネルギーは、ウサギを食って得られるエネルギー未満でないといけない。それが生死を分ける。
This "rabbit limit" teaches us the importance of energy return on investment.
エネルギーの回収効率の重要性を教えている。
However, humans have found a way around the rabbit limit, Guenther says.
しかし、ウラ技があるのですね。
If a person used a petrol-powered buggy, they could catch rabbits more easily and have energy to spare, thanks to the energy provided by fossil fuels.
石油を燃料にバギーカーでウサギを追えば、楽に捕獲できる。自分の体力を消耗せずに済み、エネルギーの損得でおつりがくる。
The reason modern civilization has thrived is that is has a large amount of surplus energy.
現代の文明がここまで栄えているのは、その「おつり」が大きいからだ。
On this point, one would think that nuclear power would far surpass petroleum, but as we have seen with the nuclear crisis in Fukushima, far from having a surplus, we have been left with a shortage of energy.
原子力が石油を上回るかに見えたが、おつりどころか借金の山を作ったのはご存じのとおり。
In terms of quality of energy, nothing surpasses fossil fuels such as petroleum.
石油などの化石燃料ほどエネルギーの質が高いものはない。
Yoshinori Ishii, an emeritus professor at the University of Tokyo, says that quality is everything when it comes to energy.
石井吉徳東大名誉教授によれば「エネルギーは質がすべて」だ。
There is a large amount of uranium in the sea, for example, but it is widely dispersed and cannot be used.
海水中には莫大（ばくだい）なウラニウムが存在するが拡散しており利用できない。
In other words, poor quality energy is the same as no energy at all.
つまり「質が悪い」エネルギーは存在しないも同然なのだ。
To get to the point, Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan is pushing for the use of solar power, and using solar panels on any roof that can have them.
話を急ごう。菅直人首相が太陽光発電に熱心で、屋根という屋根に可能なかぎり太陽光パネルを載せたいという。
In doing so he is attempting to cover the energy that has become difficult to provide through nuclear power.
これで発電の難しくなった原発を補おうというわけだ。
Does solar power provide good quality energy?
太陽光発電のエネルギーとしての質はどうか。
The energy profit ratio (EPR) gives us one basis for judgment.
エネルギー収支比（ＥＰＲ）という数字で判定する。
If one unit of energy can be used to produce three equivalent units, then the EPR is 3.
１単位のエネルギーで３単位のエネルギーが得られればＥＰＲは３。
If the EPR is below 1, then, as the rabbit limit shows us, it is not worthwhile to produce that form of energy.
１以下だとウサギの限界則で分かるようにやるだけムダ。
It has been said that the EPR of solar power is about 5, but that the quality of energy is not that great.
太陽光発電のＥＰＲは５ぐらいで質はさほどでないといわれてきたが、
However, proponents of this form of energy say the latest forms of solar power have EPRs as high as 10 or 20.
推進派は最新型は１０とか２０に向上しているという。
The problem is, we don't know which figures are correct.
どれが正しいのか分からないので困惑する。
What we do know is that without subsidies, solar power will not find a strong footing in Japan.
しかし、はっきりしているのは、現状では補助金なしでは立ちゆかないエネルギーであるということだ。
Considering this, we have to say it is of "poorer quality" than natural gas or coal.
それを考えれば天然ガスや石炭に比べ「質の悪いエネルギー」と言わざるをえない。
With the decline of nuclear power, power fees may rise in Japan and many factories may have to shift overseas. 原発の比重低下で電力料金が上がり、工場が大挙海外移転しかねない情勢だ。
For this reason, Kan is promoting renewable energy.
だから再生可能エネルギーを増やそうと言う。
That is indeed a plan in its own right, but it is incomprehensible for the "quality" of energy to be left out of the picture.
それも一案だが、エネルギーの「質」が軽視されているのが解せない。
Fossil energy must play the main role of filling the gap left by the absence of nuclear power.
原発の穴埋めは化石エネルギーが主役たらざるをえない。
Just think about it.
考えてもごらんなさい。
Could you catch rabbits using a solar-powered buggy?
太陽光エネルギーのバギーカーでウサギが捕れますか？
I would go for a car with a diesel engine.
私はディーゼルエンジン搭載車に乗る。
(By Michio Ushioda, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年6月15日 東京朝刊
私だったらソーラーパワーエンジン搭載車に乗ります＾＾。
現状ではまだ高価なソーラーパネルですが、日本の技術の粋を集めて大量生産ができれば、解決します。
日本のお家芸ICメモリーボードの制作技術に習えばよいのです。
CPUではアメリカのインテル社に完全に出し抜かれてはいますが、メモリーボードでは日本が世界一です。
ソーラーパネルだって、世界一の座を狙えるはずだし、また、そうすべきだと考えます。
ソフトバンクの孫社長がソーラーパネル業界への進出を狙っているようですね。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) June 15, 2011
Japan's renewable energy plans: Chasing rabbits using solar power?
水説：ウサギ狩りの効率＝潮田道夫
＜ｓｕｉ－ｓｅｔｓｕ＞
Some readers may have heard of the "rabbit limit," a term coined by Swedish environmental researcher Folke Guenther that relates to energy use. We can explain it as follows:
「ウサギの限界則」というのをご存じ？ フォルケ・ギュンターというスウェーデンの環境学者の造語である。
Suppose there were only humans and rabbits in the world, and people had to rely on rabbits as a food source.
この世に人間とウサギしかいないとする。あなたはウサギを食料とするほかない。
If a person spent all their energy chasing rabbits, when they caught one they may not get enough energy from the meat to survive.
だが、追いかけ回して疲労困憊（こんぱい）したのでは、ウサギを捕まえても、その肉から得られるカロリーでは栄養が足りず命をつないでいけない。
The energy spent chasing the rabbits would have to be lower than the amount of energy obtained from eating them for a person to keep living.
ウサギ捕りに投資するエネルギーは、ウサギを食って得られるエネルギー未満でないといけない。それが生死を分ける。
This "rabbit limit" teaches us the importance of energy return on investment.
エネルギーの回収効率の重要性を教えている。
However, humans have found a way around the rabbit limit, Guenther says.
しかし、ウラ技があるのですね。
If a person used a petrol-powered buggy, they could catch rabbits more easily and have energy to spare, thanks to the energy provided by fossil fuels.
石油を燃料にバギーカーでウサギを追えば、楽に捕獲できる。自分の体力を消耗せずに済み、エネルギーの損得でおつりがくる。
The reason modern civilization has thrived is that is has a large amount of surplus energy.
現代の文明がここまで栄えているのは、その「おつり」が大きいからだ。
On this point, one would think that nuclear power would far surpass petroleum, but as we have seen with the nuclear crisis in Fukushima, far from having a surplus, we have been left with a shortage of energy.
原子力が石油を上回るかに見えたが、おつりどころか借金の山を作ったのはご存じのとおり。
In terms of quality of energy, nothing surpasses fossil fuels such as petroleum.
石油などの化石燃料ほどエネルギーの質が高いものはない。
Yoshinori Ishii, an emeritus professor at the University of Tokyo, says that quality is everything when it comes to energy.
石井吉徳東大名誉教授によれば「エネルギーは質がすべて」だ。
There is a large amount of uranium in the sea, for example, but it is widely dispersed and cannot be used.
海水中には莫大（ばくだい）なウラニウムが存在するが拡散しており利用できない。
In other words, poor quality energy is the same as no energy at all.
つまり「質が悪い」エネルギーは存在しないも同然なのだ。
To get to the point, Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan is pushing for the use of solar power, and using solar panels on any roof that can have them.
話を急ごう。菅直人首相が太陽光発電に熱心で、屋根という屋根に可能なかぎり太陽光パネルを載せたいという。
In doing so he is attempting to cover the energy that has become difficult to provide through nuclear power.
これで発電の難しくなった原発を補おうというわけだ。
Does solar power provide good quality energy?
太陽光発電のエネルギーとしての質はどうか。
The energy profit ratio (EPR) gives us one basis for judgment.
エネルギー収支比（ＥＰＲ）という数字で判定する。
If one unit of energy can be used to produce three equivalent units, then the EPR is 3.
１単位のエネルギーで３単位のエネルギーが得られればＥＰＲは３。
If the EPR is below 1, then, as the rabbit limit shows us, it is not worthwhile to produce that form of energy.
１以下だとウサギの限界則で分かるようにやるだけムダ。
It has been said that the EPR of solar power is about 5, but that the quality of energy is not that great.
太陽光発電のＥＰＲは５ぐらいで質はさほどでないといわれてきたが、
However, proponents of this form of energy say the latest forms of solar power have EPRs as high as 10 or 20.
推進派は最新型は１０とか２０に向上しているという。
The problem is, we don't know which figures are correct.
どれが正しいのか分からないので困惑する。
What we do know is that without subsidies, solar power will not find a strong footing in Japan.
しかし、はっきりしているのは、現状では補助金なしでは立ちゆかないエネルギーであるということだ。
Considering this, we have to say it is of "poorer quality" than natural gas or coal.
それを考えれば天然ガスや石炭に比べ「質の悪いエネルギー」と言わざるをえない。
With the decline of nuclear power, power fees may rise in Japan and many factories may have to shift overseas. 原発の比重低下で電力料金が上がり、工場が大挙海外移転しかねない情勢だ。
For this reason, Kan is promoting renewable energy.
だから再生可能エネルギーを増やそうと言う。
That is indeed a plan in its own right, but it is incomprehensible for the "quality" of energy to be left out of the picture.
それも一案だが、エネルギーの「質」が軽視されているのが解せない。
Fossil energy must play the main role of filling the gap left by the absence of nuclear power.
原発の穴埋めは化石エネルギーが主役たらざるをえない。
Just think about it.
考えてもごらんなさい。
Could you catch rabbits using a solar-powered buggy?
太陽光エネルギーのバギーカーでウサギが捕れますか？
I would go for a car with a diesel engine.
私はディーゼルエンジン搭載車に乗る。
(By Michio Ushioda, Expert Senior Writer)
（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年6月15日 東京朝刊
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