--The Asahi Shimbun, Nov. 9
EDITORIAL: 25-year period for higher taxes is far too long
所得増税２５年―消費増税はできるのか
As part of the government's limited-time tax hike plans to finance post-Great East Japan Earthquake recovery efforts, the Democratic Party of Japan, the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito have agreed on 25 years as the period during which a higher income tax rate will remain in effect.
東日本大震災の復興費用をまかなうための臨時増税のうち、所得増税の期間を２５年にすることで、民主と自民、公明の３党が合意した。
The government and the ruling DPJ initially eyed a 10-year limit.
政府・民主党の当初案は１０年だったが、
But they extended the period to 15 years per New Komeito's proposal, and then added another 10 years at the LDP's insistence.
公明党の意見を受けて１５年になり、自民党の主張をいれてさらに１０年延びた。
The revenues from the higher taxes will underwrite post-disaster reconstruction bonds, which will be issued to secure funding for immediate reconstruction needs.
臨時増税の税収は、復興資金をいち早く確保するために発行する復興債の返済にあてる。
Financially, Japan is among the worst-off nations in the developed world.
日本の財政は先進国の中でも最悪の水準だ。
Japan's outstanding debt is projected to top 1,000 trillion yen, which is more than double its gross domestic product.
国の借金残高は１千兆円を上回る見通しとなり、国内総生産（ＧＤＰ）の２倍を超す。
In that sense, the three parties have fulfilled their responsibility to some degree by securing tax revenues to finance reconstruction projects.
復興のための財源をあらかじめ確保したことは、一定の責任を果たしたと言える。
However, 25 years is far too long.
ただ、２５年は長すぎる。
Even though stretching the period would lighten taxpayers' annual burden, we must point out that the purpose of the temporary tax hike was to avoid burdening the future generations.
１年あたりの増税額を抑えるためだが、将来の世代に負担を先送りしないことが臨時増税の目的だったはずだ。
A quarter-century is obviously shorter than the redemption period of 60 years for construction bonds, but it is still long enough to affect people who aren't even born yet.
建設国債を６０年かけて返済しているのと比べれば短いとはいえ、これから生まれてくる世代にも負担増が及ぶ長さである。
One thing that bothers us is the attitude of the ruling and opposition parties alike toward the proposed tax hike. 心配なのは、増税に対する与野党の姿勢だ。
From their exchanges, we sensed their strong reluctance to make any decision that would demand sacrifices from taxpayers.
一連のやりとりから浮かび上がるのは、国民に負担増を求める決断から逃げたい、という姿勢である。
This past summer, the government and the ruling DPJ came up with plans to implement the integrated reform of the social security and taxation systems.
政府・与党はこの夏に決めた「社会保障と税の一体改革」で消費税収を社会保障にあてることにし、
Under the plans, consumption tax revenues were earmarked for social security payments, and the consumption tax rate was to be gradually raised to 10 percent by the middle of this decade.
２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を段階的に１０％へ引き上げる方針を決めた。
The government and the DPJ intend to present the bill to the Diet during the regular session next year, and will decide on the timing and size of each tax increase by the end of this year.
来年の通常国会に法案を出す予定で、今年末までに増税の時期や幅などを決める段取りだ。
However, there is considerable opposition to the proposed tax hike within the DPJ itself.
ところが、民主党内では依然として反対が根強い。
Many DPJ legislators are relative newcomers to politics, and we presume they are worried that supporting the consumption tax hike may cost them the next election.
当選回数が少ない議員が多く、次の選挙への影響が心配なのだろう。
The biggest drain on the national coffers is the growing social security outlay due to the aging of the population. 国の財政を圧迫している最大の原因は、高齢化に伴う社会保障費の増加だ。
Unlike the construction of roads and bridges that can be funded with construction bond revenues, social security payments must be made for the present generation.
社会保障費は、建設国債の対象となる道路や橋などとは違い、まさに今の世代のために使われる。
It is simply not right to keep running up debts and stick the tab to the future generations.
それを借金でまかない、将来の世代につけ回してはいけない。
In fact, we have gone too far already, and the debt crisis of Europe is no longer someone else's problem.
先送りはもう限界だ。欧州の財政危機は対岸の火事ではない。
We also must remind the opposition LDP and New Komeito that when the income tax law was revised in 2009, they were the ones who authored the supplementary provision that says, "In order to radically reform the tax system, including the consumption tax, necessary legislative steps must be taken by fiscal 2011."
自公両党にも注文がある。
０９年に改正された所得税法の付則には「消費税を含む税制の抜本的改革を行うため、１１年度までに必要な法制上の措置を講じる」との規定がある。決めたのは自公政権だ。
Moreover, the LDP pledged to "set the consumption tax rate at 10 percent for the time being and appropriate the entire tax revenues to social security needs" during the Upper House election campaign last year.
さらに自民党は、昨年の参院選での公約に「消費税は当面１０％とし、全額を社会保障費に充当する財源とします」と掲げていた。
We certainly cannot let the LDP forget this.
忘れてもらっては困る。
Both the ruling and opposition parties must face the fact that avoiding tax hike talks is no way to stop the nation's fiscal problems from spinning out of control.
財政の悪化に歯止めをかけるには、増税から逃げてはいけない。与野党ともこのことを自覚してほしい。
2011/11/11
2011/11/10
消費税引き上げ 国際公約実現へ与野党協議を
＞首相は法案成立後、税率引き上げの実施前に国民の信を問う意向も既に明らかにしている。
法案成立後では手遅れで意味がない、法案成立前に国民の信を問うて欲しいものだ。
（スラチャイ）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 9, 2011)
Intl promise to raise consumption tax rate must be kept
消費税引き上げ 国際公約実現へ与野党協議を（11月8日付・読売社説）
The political turmoil in Greece, which has plunged into a fiscal crisis, should be an important lesson for Japan. 財政危機に陥ったギリシャの政治的混迷を他山の石とすべきだろう。
The ruling and opposition parties must swiftly rehabilitate this country's fiscal situation.
与野党は、日本の財政再建を急がねばならない。
At a recent House of Representatives session, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda said the action plan adopted at last week's Group of 20 summit meeting specifies that Japan would increase the consumption tax rate as part of comprehensive reform of the social security system. Noda said he would make every effort to make this tax increase a reality.
野田首相は衆院本会議で、社会保障制度改革に伴う消費税率引き上げを主要２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）首脳会議の行動計画に明記したと説明し、実現へ全力を尽くすと語った。
Every member of the Diet must gravely accept the fact that the prime minister has made an international pledge to implement "the gradual increase in the consumption tax rate to 10 percent by the middle of this decade."
首相が「２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を１０％まで引き上げる」と国際公約したことを、国会は重く受け止める必要がある。
Noda also said he wants to decide when to implement the tax increase by taking into consideration discussions within the government and ruling parties, as well as discussions between ruling and opposition parties.
首相は、税率引き上げ時期は政府・与党の議論や与野党協議を踏まえて決定したいとも述べた。
===
Worse than Greece
The government plans to submit necessary bills to raise the consumption tax rate to an ordinary Diet session early next year.
政府は、税率引き上げの関連法案を来年の通常国会に提出する方針だ。
Noda has made clear he might dissolve the lower house after the bills have cleared the Diet but before the hike is implemented to seek a voter mandate.
首相は法案成立後、税率引き上げの実施前に国民の信を問う意向も既に明らかにしている。
Japan's total outstanding public debt is expected to reach twice the gross domestic product at the end of the current fiscal year.
今年度末の日本の公的債務残高は国内総生産（ＧＤＰ）比で２倍近くに達する。
This rate is worse than Greece's.
数字上はギリシャより悪い。
If this situation is left uncorrected, financial markets could lose confidence in Japanese government bonds.
放置すると日本の国債が市場の信認を失いかねない。
We think the Democratic Party of Japan, the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito should immediately start three-way discussions on the matter.
民主、自民、公明による３党協議を早急に開始すべきである。
However, LDP and Komeito have bristled at Noda's international pledge.
しかし、自公両党は首相の国際公約に反発している。
They argue the DPJ manifesto for the 2009 lower house election, when the DPJ stormed to power, did not mention a consumption tax rate increase.
They plan to demand the lower house be dissolved before the bills are submitted to the Diet.
民主党の政権公約（マニフェスト）が消費税率引き上げを前提にしていないと指摘し、関連法案の国会提出前の衆院解散を求める構えだ。
Indeed, the DPJ manifesto is riddled with defects.
It claimed sufficient revenue sources for its pledges could be found without raising the consumption tax rate, but in fact the party has been unable to unearth enough money.
確かに、消費税率を上げなくても財源を生み出せるとした民主党のマニフェストには欠陥がある。
Noda himself admitted the manifesto was flawed.
それは野田首相も認めている。
However, the opposition parties are also at fault if they argue the lower house must be dissolved simply because the manifesto does not describe a consumption tax hike.
This means they will not allow the DPJ to respond flexibly on this issue.
マニフェストを盾にとり、消費税の記述がない以上、衆院を解散すべきだと主張するのでは、与党に機動的な対応を取らせないと言うに等しい。
This is nothing but "manifesto supremacism."
これでは“マニフェスト至上主義”ではないか。
===
LDP, Komeito laid foundation
Regarding the consumption tax rate, a supplementary provision of the tax system reform law enacted in 2009 under the administration of then Prime Minister Taro Aso stipulated that necessary legislative measures will be taken to secure revenue sources by the end of fiscal 2011.
消費税率については、０９年に麻生政権で成立した税制改正関連法の付則に、財源確保のため、１１年度までに必要な法制上の措置を講ずる、と明記されている。
It was the LDP and Komeito that paved the road to the consumption tax hike.
税率引き上げのレールを敷いたのは本来、自公両党の方である。
When the three parties agreed in late April to review the DPJ's child-rearing allowance system, they decided the government and ruling parties would swiftly devise a plan for integrated reform of the social security and tax systems.
民自公３党は４月末、子ども手当の見直しで合意した際、社会保障・税一体改革でも「政府・与党は実行可能な案を速やかに示す」ことを申し合わせた。
Based on this agreement, the government and the DPJ compiled a set of proposals at the end of June.
そんな経緯もあって、政府・与党は、６月末に案をまとめたのだ。
Furthermore, the DPJ has made considerable concessions to LDP plans on the consumption tax rate and pension system reform.
しかも、消費税率、年金制度改革などで自民党案に歩み寄っている。
It is unreasonable for the LDP and Komeito not to respond to calls by the DPJ for discussions.
自公両党が、与党との協議に応じないのは、筋が通らない。
Deliberations at the lower house Budget Committee have already started.
衆院予算委員会の審議が始まった。
We hope the ruling and opposition parties hold constructive debate on the consumption tax increase, and on tax hikes as revenue sources for funding reconstruction from the March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake.
震災復興増税の財源確保問題と併せて、消費税についても、建設的な論戦を期待したい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 8, 2011)
（2011年11月8日01時32分 読売新聞）
法案成立後では手遅れで意味がない、法案成立前に国民の信を問うて欲しいものだ。
（スラチャイ）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 9, 2011)
Intl promise to raise consumption tax rate must be kept
消費税引き上げ 国際公約実現へ与野党協議を（11月8日付・読売社説）
The political turmoil in Greece, which has plunged into a fiscal crisis, should be an important lesson for Japan. 財政危機に陥ったギリシャの政治的混迷を他山の石とすべきだろう。
The ruling and opposition parties must swiftly rehabilitate this country's fiscal situation.
与野党は、日本の財政再建を急がねばならない。
At a recent House of Representatives session, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda said the action plan adopted at last week's Group of 20 summit meeting specifies that Japan would increase the consumption tax rate as part of comprehensive reform of the social security system. Noda said he would make every effort to make this tax increase a reality.
野田首相は衆院本会議で、社会保障制度改革に伴う消費税率引き上げを主要２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）首脳会議の行動計画に明記したと説明し、実現へ全力を尽くすと語った。
Every member of the Diet must gravely accept the fact that the prime minister has made an international pledge to implement "the gradual increase in the consumption tax rate to 10 percent by the middle of this decade."
首相が「２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を１０％まで引き上げる」と国際公約したことを、国会は重く受け止める必要がある。
Noda also said he wants to decide when to implement the tax increase by taking into consideration discussions within the government and ruling parties, as well as discussions between ruling and opposition parties.
首相は、税率引き上げ時期は政府・与党の議論や与野党協議を踏まえて決定したいとも述べた。
===
Worse than Greece
The government plans to submit necessary bills to raise the consumption tax rate to an ordinary Diet session early next year.
政府は、税率引き上げの関連法案を来年の通常国会に提出する方針だ。
Noda has made clear he might dissolve the lower house after the bills have cleared the Diet but before the hike is implemented to seek a voter mandate.
首相は法案成立後、税率引き上げの実施前に国民の信を問う意向も既に明らかにしている。
Japan's total outstanding public debt is expected to reach twice the gross domestic product at the end of the current fiscal year.
今年度末の日本の公的債務残高は国内総生産（ＧＤＰ）比で２倍近くに達する。
This rate is worse than Greece's.
数字上はギリシャより悪い。
If this situation is left uncorrected, financial markets could lose confidence in Japanese government bonds.
放置すると日本の国債が市場の信認を失いかねない。
We think the Democratic Party of Japan, the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito should immediately start three-way discussions on the matter.
民主、自民、公明による３党協議を早急に開始すべきである。
However, LDP and Komeito have bristled at Noda's international pledge.
しかし、自公両党は首相の国際公約に反発している。
They argue the DPJ manifesto for the 2009 lower house election, when the DPJ stormed to power, did not mention a consumption tax rate increase.
They plan to demand the lower house be dissolved before the bills are submitted to the Diet.
民主党の政権公約（マニフェスト）が消費税率引き上げを前提にしていないと指摘し、関連法案の国会提出前の衆院解散を求める構えだ。
Indeed, the DPJ manifesto is riddled with defects.
It claimed sufficient revenue sources for its pledges could be found without raising the consumption tax rate, but in fact the party has been unable to unearth enough money.
確かに、消費税率を上げなくても財源を生み出せるとした民主党のマニフェストには欠陥がある。
Noda himself admitted the manifesto was flawed.
それは野田首相も認めている。
However, the opposition parties are also at fault if they argue the lower house must be dissolved simply because the manifesto does not describe a consumption tax hike.
This means they will not allow the DPJ to respond flexibly on this issue.
マニフェストを盾にとり、消費税の記述がない以上、衆院を解散すべきだと主張するのでは、与党に機動的な対応を取らせないと言うに等しい。
This is nothing but "manifesto supremacism."
これでは“マニフェスト至上主義”ではないか。
===
LDP, Komeito laid foundation
Regarding the consumption tax rate, a supplementary provision of the tax system reform law enacted in 2009 under the administration of then Prime Minister Taro Aso stipulated that necessary legislative measures will be taken to secure revenue sources by the end of fiscal 2011.
消費税率については、０９年に麻生政権で成立した税制改正関連法の付則に、財源確保のため、１１年度までに必要な法制上の措置を講ずる、と明記されている。
It was the LDP and Komeito that paved the road to the consumption tax hike.
税率引き上げのレールを敷いたのは本来、自公両党の方である。
When the three parties agreed in late April to review the DPJ's child-rearing allowance system, they decided the government and ruling parties would swiftly devise a plan for integrated reform of the social security and tax systems.
民自公３党は４月末、子ども手当の見直しで合意した際、社会保障・税一体改革でも「政府・与党は実行可能な案を速やかに示す」ことを申し合わせた。
Based on this agreement, the government and the DPJ compiled a set of proposals at the end of June.
そんな経緯もあって、政府・与党は、６月末に案をまとめたのだ。
Furthermore, the DPJ has made considerable concessions to LDP plans on the consumption tax rate and pension system reform.
しかも、消費税率、年金制度改革などで自民党案に歩み寄っている。
It is unreasonable for the LDP and Komeito not to respond to calls by the DPJ for discussions.
自公両党が、与党との協議に応じないのは、筋が通らない。
Deliberations at the lower house Budget Committee have already started.
衆院予算委員会の審議が始まった。
We hope the ruling and opposition parties hold constructive debate on the consumption tax increase, and on tax hikes as revenue sources for funding reconstruction from the March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake.
震災復興増税の財源確保問題と併せて、消費税についても、建設的な論戦を期待したい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 8, 2011)
（2011年11月8日01時32分 読売新聞）
2011/11/09
主婦の年金 「痛み」避けては改革も進まぬ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 8, 2011)
Pension system reform will involve pain
主婦の年金 「痛み」避けては改革も進まぬ（11月7日付・読売社説）
Irrationally generous "relief measures" will definitely fail to win public understanding.
行き過ぎた“救済”は国民の理解を到底得られないだろう。
The ruling Democratic Party of Japan's study panel on welfare and labor issues has decided not to ask for repayment of excess national pension benefits paid to housewives whose spouses were formerly company or public-sector employees.
They have received more pension benefits than they were entitled to because they failed to update their pension status.
主婦の年金資格の切り替え忘れ問題で、民主党の厚生労働部門会議は、規定より多く年金を受け取ってきた受給者に対して、過払い分の返還請求を見送る方針を決めた。
In line with the decision, the government will shortly have the Cabinet adopt a bill to revise the National Pension Law, to be submitted to the current extraordinary Diet session.
政府はこれに従い、近く国民年金法改正案を閣議決定し、臨時国会に提出する構えだ。
However, the plan faces strong criticism that it will appear to make honesty not pay.
だが、これには「正直者がバカを見る」との批判が強い。
We believe the government must in principle ask those concerned to repay the excess pension benefits they have received.
原則として、過払い分は返還を求めるべきだろう。
In this respect, we seriously question the way the DPJ makes policy decisions.
民主党の政策決定のあり方は、大きな疑問符が付く。
The people in question are full-time housewives whose spouses are company or government employees. Called Category III beneficiaries, they do not have to pay pension premiums themselves.
問題となったのは、会社員や公務員の妻のケースだ。「第３号被保険者」と呼ばれ、自らは保険料を払う必要がない。
After their husbands leave their jobs or their own annual income reaches 1.3 million yen or more, however, they are required to switch to the national pension program and start paying their own pension premiums.
ただし、夫が脱サラしたり、妻のパート収入が年１３０万円以上になったりした場合は、国民年金に切り替えて、主婦も自分の保険料を払わなくてはならない。
But it came to light that about 420,000 housewives younger than eligibility age have failed to switch to the national pension program and thus have not paid the premiums they are supposed to pay.
ところが、切り替えをせずに保険料が未納になっている現役世代の主婦が４２万人いることが判明した。
Because of the error, about 53,000 pensioners already receive excess benefits averaging more than 10,000 yen per year.
すでに本来の額以上の年金を受け取っている高齢者は５万３０００人に上る。過払い額は平均で年１万円余りになる。
===
No firm decision made
The government and the DPJ went back and forth over this problem.
この問題を巡って、政府・民主党の対応は二転三転した。
In March last year, then Health, Labor and Welfare Minister Akira Nagatsuma decided to disregard unpaid pension premiums by the housewives in question, effectively deeming them to have appropriately paid pension premiums.
まず、長妻厚労相当時の昨年３月、切り替えていなかった人をすべて不問に付し、保険料を納めてきたとみなすことにした。
However, this decision drew fierce criticism.
It was called unfair to treat those who did not pay premiums the same way as the many people who went through the necessary procedures and paid the pension premiums as required.
Consequently, Ritsuo Hosokawa who succeeded Nagatsuma as welfare minister withdrew the decision in March this year.
だが、きちんと手続きをした人と同じでは不公平だと批判が噴出し、後任の細川前厚労相が今年３月に撤回した。
In May, the welfare ministry's Social Security Council came up with a compromise proposal whereby those who have already received excess pension benefits as a result of not switching to the national pension program would be asked to repay the excess amount they received in the past five years, the period not excluded by the statute of limitations. At the same time, the proposal called for reductions or exemptions for low-income earners.
５月には社会保障審議会で、切り替えをせずに本来より多く受給している高齢者については、低所得者に減免措置を講じつつ、時効になっていない直近５年分の「もらい過ぎ」を返還してもらうとの収拾策をまとめた。
However, in the process of compiling a bill to revise the National Pension Law, opposition to the plan grew within the party, with some members insisting no requests should be made to return excess pension benefits.
ところが法案をまとめる段階で党内から「返還請求は一切すべきではない」との声がわき起こり、今月１日にまた方針転換した。
As a result, the government and the DPJ made another policy switch on Nov. 1. Former welfare minister Nagatsuma, the one who initially threw the matter into confusion by proposing the excessive relief measure, took the lead in compiling the latest plan.
その結論のとりまとめ役は、最初に過剰な救済策を打ち出して迷走を招いた長妻元厚労相だ。
===
Basic principle at stake
Opponents to the proposed benefit repayment were apparently wary of its possible adverse effect on future elections, worrying that it could be taken as ill treatment of the elderly.
高齢者いじめと見られては選挙に不利、との思惑があったのだろうが、
But it is a basic principle of social insurance that members of the public should receive benefits in accordance with their premium payments.
納めた保険料に応じて給付を得るというのが社会保険の基本である。
In light of this principle, it is unreasonable not to ask everyone to return excess benefits.
一切返還無用とするのはおかしい。
The public will definitely be asked to endure some pain during the overhaul of the pension system and other social security programs.
年金に限らず社会保障制度を手直しするには、どこかで必ず国民の「痛み」が伴う。
Progress cannot be made on social security reform unless the DPJ has the resolve to persuade the public of its necessity.
国民を説得する姿勢が民主党になければ、社会保障改革は進むまい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 7, 2011)
（2011年11月7日01時28分 読売新聞）
Pension system reform will involve pain
主婦の年金 「痛み」避けては改革も進まぬ（11月7日付・読売社説）
Irrationally generous "relief measures" will definitely fail to win public understanding.
行き過ぎた“救済”は国民の理解を到底得られないだろう。
The ruling Democratic Party of Japan's study panel on welfare and labor issues has decided not to ask for repayment of excess national pension benefits paid to housewives whose spouses were formerly company or public-sector employees.
They have received more pension benefits than they were entitled to because they failed to update their pension status.
主婦の年金資格の切り替え忘れ問題で、民主党の厚生労働部門会議は、規定より多く年金を受け取ってきた受給者に対して、過払い分の返還請求を見送る方針を決めた。
In line with the decision, the government will shortly have the Cabinet adopt a bill to revise the National Pension Law, to be submitted to the current extraordinary Diet session.
政府はこれに従い、近く国民年金法改正案を閣議決定し、臨時国会に提出する構えだ。
However, the plan faces strong criticism that it will appear to make honesty not pay.
だが、これには「正直者がバカを見る」との批判が強い。
We believe the government must in principle ask those concerned to repay the excess pension benefits they have received.
原則として、過払い分は返還を求めるべきだろう。
In this respect, we seriously question the way the DPJ makes policy decisions.
民主党の政策決定のあり方は、大きな疑問符が付く。
The people in question are full-time housewives whose spouses are company or government employees. Called Category III beneficiaries, they do not have to pay pension premiums themselves.
問題となったのは、会社員や公務員の妻のケースだ。「第３号被保険者」と呼ばれ、自らは保険料を払う必要がない。
After their husbands leave their jobs or their own annual income reaches 1.3 million yen or more, however, they are required to switch to the national pension program and start paying their own pension premiums.
ただし、夫が脱サラしたり、妻のパート収入が年１３０万円以上になったりした場合は、国民年金に切り替えて、主婦も自分の保険料を払わなくてはならない。
But it came to light that about 420,000 housewives younger than eligibility age have failed to switch to the national pension program and thus have not paid the premiums they are supposed to pay.
ところが、切り替えをせずに保険料が未納になっている現役世代の主婦が４２万人いることが判明した。
Because of the error, about 53,000 pensioners already receive excess benefits averaging more than 10,000 yen per year.
すでに本来の額以上の年金を受け取っている高齢者は５万３０００人に上る。過払い額は平均で年１万円余りになる。
===
No firm decision made
The government and the DPJ went back and forth over this problem.
この問題を巡って、政府・民主党の対応は二転三転した。
In March last year, then Health, Labor and Welfare Minister Akira Nagatsuma decided to disregard unpaid pension premiums by the housewives in question, effectively deeming them to have appropriately paid pension premiums.
まず、長妻厚労相当時の昨年３月、切り替えていなかった人をすべて不問に付し、保険料を納めてきたとみなすことにした。
However, this decision drew fierce criticism.
It was called unfair to treat those who did not pay premiums the same way as the many people who went through the necessary procedures and paid the pension premiums as required.
Consequently, Ritsuo Hosokawa who succeeded Nagatsuma as welfare minister withdrew the decision in March this year.
だが、きちんと手続きをした人と同じでは不公平だと批判が噴出し、後任の細川前厚労相が今年３月に撤回した。
In May, the welfare ministry's Social Security Council came up with a compromise proposal whereby those who have already received excess pension benefits as a result of not switching to the national pension program would be asked to repay the excess amount they received in the past five years, the period not excluded by the statute of limitations. At the same time, the proposal called for reductions or exemptions for low-income earners.
５月には社会保障審議会で、切り替えをせずに本来より多く受給している高齢者については、低所得者に減免措置を講じつつ、時効になっていない直近５年分の「もらい過ぎ」を返還してもらうとの収拾策をまとめた。
However, in the process of compiling a bill to revise the National Pension Law, opposition to the plan grew within the party, with some members insisting no requests should be made to return excess pension benefits.
ところが法案をまとめる段階で党内から「返還請求は一切すべきではない」との声がわき起こり、今月１日にまた方針転換した。
As a result, the government and the DPJ made another policy switch on Nov. 1. Former welfare minister Nagatsuma, the one who initially threw the matter into confusion by proposing the excessive relief measure, took the lead in compiling the latest plan.
その結論のとりまとめ役は、最初に過剰な救済策を打ち出して迷走を招いた長妻元厚労相だ。
===
Basic principle at stake
Opponents to the proposed benefit repayment were apparently wary of its possible adverse effect on future elections, worrying that it could be taken as ill treatment of the elderly.
高齢者いじめと見られては選挙に不利、との思惑があったのだろうが、
But it is a basic principle of social insurance that members of the public should receive benefits in accordance with their premium payments.
納めた保険料に応じて給付を得るというのが社会保険の基本である。
In light of this principle, it is unreasonable not to ask everyone to return excess benefits.
一切返還無用とするのはおかしい。
The public will definitely be asked to endure some pain during the overhaul of the pension system and other social security programs.
年金に限らず社会保障制度を手直しするには、どこかで必ず国民の「痛み」が伴う。
Progress cannot be made on social security reform unless the DPJ has the resolve to persuade the public of its necessity.
国民を説得する姿勢が民主党になければ、社会保障改革は進むまい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 7, 2011)
（2011年11月7日01時28分 読売新聞）
2011/11/08
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：北杜夫氏からの宿題 ／東京
(Mainichi Japan) November 6, 2011
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: My homework from author Morio Kita
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：北杜夫氏からの宿題 ／東京
Author and psychiatrist Morio Kita has passed away.
作家で精神科医でもあった北杜夫さんが亡くなった。
When I was in junior high school, I read his light-hearted essays in the "Doctor Manbo (ocean sunfish) Series" to escape from schoolwork.
私は中学時代、きらいな勉強から逃れるために、よく「どくとるマンボウシリーズ」などの愉快なエッセーを読んだ。
When I told my parents, "Look, it's the book of that doctor and Akutagawa Prize-winning author, the son of Mokichi Saito," they would think it was a serious book and buy it for me.
「ほら、あの斎藤茂吉の息子、芥川賞作家で医者の本だよ」と言うと、親はまじめな本かとカン違いして買ってくれたからだ。
I felt I might owe it to Kita to read something besides his comedies, and from high school I started reading his novels like "Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de" (in the nooks of night and fog).
「爆笑するばかりじゃ申し訳ないか」と高校生になってからは「夜と霧の隅で」などの小説も読むようになったのだが、
However, compared to the light-hearted essays the subject matter was heavy and the writing style proper, and I didn't really understand the subject matter.
お気楽エッセーとはあまりに違う深刻な内容、端正な文体で、実は内容まではよく理解することができなかった。
Later, when I was in my 30s and had become a psychiatrist myself, I once again gave "Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de" a read.
その後、私自身も精神科医になり、３０代になってから、もう一度、ドイツの精神科医たちが主人公の「夜と霧の…」を読み返してみた。
Set at the end of World War II in Nazi Germany, the main characters are German psychiatrists.
舞台は第二次世界大戦末期のドイツ。
The Nazi control extends to psychiatric hospitals, and an order has come down for the doctors to choose which patients are untreatable.
ナチスの手は精神科病院にも及び、治療が不可能な患者を選別するように指示が下された。
It was known that those patients labeled untreatable would be considered as being of no use to the country or their children or grandchildren, and would be sent to gas chambers to be killed.
レッテルを貼られた患者が、国や子孫の役に立たない人間としてガス室に送られ、集団虐殺の対象とされるのは明らかであった。
What should psychiatrists do under such circumstances?
そのとき、精神科医たちはどうするのか。
They cannot stand up and loudly object, but should they be the puppets of the Nazis?
大声で異議は唱えられない。とはいえ、ナチスの言いなりでいいのか、という葛藤もある。
While struggling to decide what to do, the characters each find their own ways to resist.
苦悩の中で、彼らはそれぞれの選択をし、抵抗のための自分なりの行動を試みる。
How should psychiatrists act under such trying circumstances?
誰がどう考えても救いのない状況の中で、精神科医はどう振る舞うべきなのか。
Wondering what I would do in such a situation made my heart ache, and I found myself closing the book.
もし私だったら、と考え始めたら胸が苦しくなって、つい本を閉じてしまった。
Actually, this year a related and very important event happened in the world of German psychiatric medicine. 実は今年、ドイツの精神医学の世界で、画期的なできごとがあった。
One of its largest psychiatric societies held a ceremony of mourning for the vast number of psychiatric patients who were killed or given forced sterilization surgery during Nazi rule.
最も大きな学会のひとつが、ナチス時代に強制的に断種手術を受けさせられたり殺害されたりした莫大（ばくだい）な数の精神病患者に対する追悼式典を開催した。
After around 70 years of silence, Germany's psychiatric community for the first time officially recognized the faults it committed and publicly apologized.
Around 3,000 psychiatrists are said to have attended.
ドイツの精神医学界として約７０年の沈黙を経てはじめて自らの罪を認め、公式に謝罪したその式典には、３０００人もの精神科医が集まったという。
Perhaps it takes a long time to face truly difficult problems and recognize your own responsibility.
本当に大切な問題に向き合い、自分の責任についてもきちんと認められるようになるには、長い時間がかかるのかもしれない。
For me as well, perhaps I can understand or think things now in my 50s that I could not in my teens or 30s.
私も、１０代や３０代のときには受けとめられなかったことを、５０代の今なら考えられるのではないか。
I would like to try rereading the book, "Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de," as well as read "Man's Search for Meaning," by Viktor Emil Frankl, a psychiatrist who was himself put in a concentration camp.
私も再度、北杜夫氏の先ほどの小説や、自らも収容所にいた経験を持つ精神科医フランクルの「夜と霧」を読み返してみることにしたい。
Thinking this way, one could maybe say that Kita was kind enough to leave me some homework that has lasted decades.
そう考えれば北杜夫氏は、私に何十年もかかる宿題を残してくれた作家と言えるかもしれない。
For making me think, and sometimes laugh, I am very grateful to him.
ときには笑わせながら、ずっと考え続けさせてくれた北氏に、心からの感謝を伝えたい。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2011年11月1日 地方版
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: My homework from author Morio Kita
香山リカのココロの万華鏡：北杜夫氏からの宿題 ／東京
Author and psychiatrist Morio Kita has passed away.
作家で精神科医でもあった北杜夫さんが亡くなった。
When I was in junior high school, I read his light-hearted essays in the "Doctor Manbo (ocean sunfish) Series" to escape from schoolwork.
私は中学時代、きらいな勉強から逃れるために、よく「どくとるマンボウシリーズ」などの愉快なエッセーを読んだ。
When I told my parents, "Look, it's the book of that doctor and Akutagawa Prize-winning author, the son of Mokichi Saito," they would think it was a serious book and buy it for me.
「ほら、あの斎藤茂吉の息子、芥川賞作家で医者の本だよ」と言うと、親はまじめな本かとカン違いして買ってくれたからだ。
I felt I might owe it to Kita to read something besides his comedies, and from high school I started reading his novels like "Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de" (in the nooks of night and fog).
「爆笑するばかりじゃ申し訳ないか」と高校生になってからは「夜と霧の隅で」などの小説も読むようになったのだが、
However, compared to the light-hearted essays the subject matter was heavy and the writing style proper, and I didn't really understand the subject matter.
お気楽エッセーとはあまりに違う深刻な内容、端正な文体で、実は内容まではよく理解することができなかった。
Later, when I was in my 30s and had become a psychiatrist myself, I once again gave "Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de" a read.
その後、私自身も精神科医になり、３０代になってから、もう一度、ドイツの精神科医たちが主人公の「夜と霧の…」を読み返してみた。
Set at the end of World War II in Nazi Germany, the main characters are German psychiatrists.
舞台は第二次世界大戦末期のドイツ。
The Nazi control extends to psychiatric hospitals, and an order has come down for the doctors to choose which patients are untreatable.
ナチスの手は精神科病院にも及び、治療が不可能な患者を選別するように指示が下された。
It was known that those patients labeled untreatable would be considered as being of no use to the country or their children or grandchildren, and would be sent to gas chambers to be killed.
レッテルを貼られた患者が、国や子孫の役に立たない人間としてガス室に送られ、集団虐殺の対象とされるのは明らかであった。
What should psychiatrists do under such circumstances?
そのとき、精神科医たちはどうするのか。
They cannot stand up and loudly object, but should they be the puppets of the Nazis?
大声で異議は唱えられない。とはいえ、ナチスの言いなりでいいのか、という葛藤もある。
While struggling to decide what to do, the characters each find their own ways to resist.
苦悩の中で、彼らはそれぞれの選択をし、抵抗のための自分なりの行動を試みる。
How should psychiatrists act under such trying circumstances?
誰がどう考えても救いのない状況の中で、精神科医はどう振る舞うべきなのか。
Wondering what I would do in such a situation made my heart ache, and I found myself closing the book.
もし私だったら、と考え始めたら胸が苦しくなって、つい本を閉じてしまった。
Actually, this year a related and very important event happened in the world of German psychiatric medicine. 実は今年、ドイツの精神医学の世界で、画期的なできごとがあった。
One of its largest psychiatric societies held a ceremony of mourning for the vast number of psychiatric patients who were killed or given forced sterilization surgery during Nazi rule.
最も大きな学会のひとつが、ナチス時代に強制的に断種手術を受けさせられたり殺害されたりした莫大（ばくだい）な数の精神病患者に対する追悼式典を開催した。
After around 70 years of silence, Germany's psychiatric community for the first time officially recognized the faults it committed and publicly apologized.
Around 3,000 psychiatrists are said to have attended.
ドイツの精神医学界として約７０年の沈黙を経てはじめて自らの罪を認め、公式に謝罪したその式典には、３０００人もの精神科医が集まったという。
Perhaps it takes a long time to face truly difficult problems and recognize your own responsibility.
本当に大切な問題に向き合い、自分の責任についてもきちんと認められるようになるには、長い時間がかかるのかもしれない。
For me as well, perhaps I can understand or think things now in my 50s that I could not in my teens or 30s.
私も、１０代や３０代のときには受けとめられなかったことを、５０代の今なら考えられるのではないか。
I would like to try rereading the book, "Yoru to Kiri no Sumi de," as well as read "Man's Search for Meaning," by Viktor Emil Frankl, a psychiatrist who was himself put in a concentration camp.
私も再度、北杜夫氏の先ほどの小説や、自らも収容所にいた経験を持つ精神科医フランクルの「夜と霧」を読み返してみることにしたい。
Thinking this way, one could maybe say that Kita was kind enough to leave me some homework that has lasted decades.
そう考えれば北杜夫氏は、私に何十年もかかる宿題を残してくれた作家と言えるかもしれない。
For making me think, and sometimes laugh, I am very grateful to him.
ときには笑わせながら、ずっと考え続けさせてくれた北氏に、心からの感謝を伝えたい。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2011年11月1日 地方版
2011/11/07
ギリシャ危機 混乱拍車に懸念を強めたＧ２０
専門用語：
the European Financial Stability Facility 欧州金融安定基金（ＥＦＳＦ）
＞ 野田首相は、２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を１０％に引き上げる方針を表明し、行動計画に盛り込まれた。
２０１０年代半ばに誰かが貧乏くじを引かされる訳で、鳩山元首相の普天間騒動よりも罪は重いかも。
国際社会で約束すべき事項ではないでしょう。経験不足だと思います。相手は海千山千なのです＾＾。
＞円高阻止へ引き続き、欧米との連携を探ることが求められよう。
こういう記事を書くから、いわおさん（メル友）から読売はアホかってコメントされるのです。
まったくその通りだと思います。欧米は日本の円高を歓迎している。議論にならないでしょう＾＾。
（スラチャイ）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 6, 2011)
G-20 concerned over further turmoil in Europe
ギリシャ危機 混乱拍車に懸念を強めたＧ２０（11月5日付・読売社説）
The renewed crisis in Greece has unsettled global markets, and concern continues to grow among developed countries and emerging economies.
ギリシャ危機の再燃で世界の市場が動揺し、先進国と新興国の懸念は一段と強まっている。
Greece, the epicenter of the crisis that has worsened the turmoil, and other European countries, including France and Germany, bear a grave responsibility.
混乱に拍車をかけた震源地ギリシャと、仏独など欧州の責任は重い。
On Friday, the Group of 20 major economies, including Japan, the United States, China and India, adopted a communique at a summit meeting in Cannes, France.
日米と中国、インドなどが出席し、仏カンヌで開かれた主要２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）首脳会議は、首脳宣言を採択した。
It is reasonable that, to contain the crisis, the communique called on Europe to swiftly implement a rescue plan for Greece and affirmed solidarity to support Europe.
危機封じこめへ、首脳宣言が欧州にギリシャ支援策の迅速な実行を求めるとともに、欧州を支える結束を確認したのは妥当だ。
The communique also welcomed a decision by Italy, which is saddled with a large fiscal deficit, to accept monitoring by the International Monetary Fund.
宣言はまた、財政赤字を抱えるイタリアが国際通貨基金（ＩＭＦ）の監視を受け入れたことを歓迎した。
The monitoring is expected to help prevent anxieties over credit from spreading further.
信用不安の拡大を防ぐ効果が期待されよう。
The summit meeting revolved around the situation in Greece because Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou announced, just before the summit meeting, that his country would hold a referendum on whether to accept a comprehensive bailout plan compiled by eurozone countries last week.
今回の首脳会議は、ギリシャ情勢に振り回された。パパンドレウ首相が会議直前になって、ユーロ圏が先週まとめた包括支援策を受け入れるかどうか、国民投票を実施すると表明したからだ。
===
Major points of plan
The main pillars of the plan are for banks to give up 50 percent of the principal of the Greek government bonds they own; recapitalization of banks with Greek government bond holdings; and measures to expand the European Financial Stability Facility.
支援策は、ギリシャ国債元本の５０％削減、ギリシャ国債などを保有する銀行の資本増強、欧州金融安定基金（ＥＦＳＦ）の拡充策が柱だ。
The Greek prime minister's proposal to hold a referendum was irresponsible, given that the effort to bring the crisis under control was said to have made headway at least for the time being.
ひとまず、危機収束に前進したと評価されただけに、国民投票の提案は無責任に過ぎる。
There was no guarantee that the Greeks would have approved Athens' acceptance of the plan through the referendum.
投票で支援策受け入れが可決される保証はない。
If the plan had been rejected, there would have been no way to prevent the crisis from worsening further and turmoil would inevitably spread in global markets.
否決されれば危機に歯止めがかからなくなる。世界の市場の混乱は不可避だ。
It is natural for Greece to come under a barrage of criticism at the G-20 meeting.
Ｇ２０でギリシャ批判が噴出したのは当然だった。
Papandreou withdrew his proposal to hold the referendum because of opposition in Greece itself, but prospects to end the crisis remain murky.
自国内からも反発を浴び、パパンドレウ首相は国民投票の提案を撤回したが、先行きは不透明といえる。
What is important is for Greece to accept the bailout plan and to survive the crisis.
いま最も重要なのは、ギリシャが支援策を受け入れ、危機を乗り切ることである。
At the same time, it is indispensable for the country to carry out painful fiscal austerity policies, such as reducing the number of civil servants.
併せて、公務員削減など痛みの伴う緊縮財政政策を実行することが欠かせない。
France and Germany also must exercise their leadership to protect the euro.
通貨ユーロを守るため、仏独両国も指導力を発揮すべきだ。
===
Noda must honor pledge
G-20 leaders also agreed to utilize the IMF to support Europe, and the United States and Japan are expected to provide financial assistance.
Ｇ２０は、欧州支援にＩＭＦを活用する点で一致し、日米などの資金援助も期待される。
However, this assistance should be provided only if Europe makes its own efforts.
だが、いずれも欧州の自助努力が前提だ。
Meanwhile, it is significant that the G-20 countries compiled an action plan to realize both fiscal reconstruction and economic growth.
一方、首脳会議で、Ｇ２０各国が財政再建と経済成長の両立へ行動計画をまとめた意義は大きい。
Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda announced that Japan would raise its consumption tax rate to 10 percent by the mid-2010s, and this projected tax hike was incorporated in the action plan.
野田首相は、２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を１０％に引き上げる方針を表明し、行動計画に盛り込まれた。
There is no time to waste in reconstructing Japan's public finances.
日本の財政再建は待ったなしだ。
Noda should accelerate the necessary arrangements to realize his international pledge.
国際公約の実現へ、調整を加速してもらいたい。
Noda also said the strength of the yen, which surged as the crisis in Europe worsened, would have a negative impact on Japan's economic recovery, and he sought understanding from other countries for Japan's recent unilateral currency intervention.
欧州危機に連動した円急騰について、首相は、日本の景気回復に悪影響を与えると述べ、単独での為替介入実施に理解を求めた。
Japan needs to coordinate actions with Europe and the United States to stem the appreciation of the yen.
円高阻止へ引き続き、欧米との連携を探ることが求められよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun. Nov. 5, 2011)
（2011年11月5日01時46分 読売新聞）
the European Financial Stability Facility 欧州金融安定基金（ＥＦＳＦ）
＞ 野田首相は、２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を１０％に引き上げる方針を表明し、行動計画に盛り込まれた。
２０１０年代半ばに誰かが貧乏くじを引かされる訳で、鳩山元首相の普天間騒動よりも罪は重いかも。
国際社会で約束すべき事項ではないでしょう。経験不足だと思います。相手は海千山千なのです＾＾。
＞円高阻止へ引き続き、欧米との連携を探ることが求められよう。
こういう記事を書くから、いわおさん（メル友）から読売はアホかってコメントされるのです。
まったくその通りだと思います。欧米は日本の円高を歓迎している。議論にならないでしょう＾＾。
（スラチャイ）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 6, 2011)
G-20 concerned over further turmoil in Europe
ギリシャ危機 混乱拍車に懸念を強めたＧ２０（11月5日付・読売社説）
The renewed crisis in Greece has unsettled global markets, and concern continues to grow among developed countries and emerging economies.
ギリシャ危機の再燃で世界の市場が動揺し、先進国と新興国の懸念は一段と強まっている。
Greece, the epicenter of the crisis that has worsened the turmoil, and other European countries, including France and Germany, bear a grave responsibility.
混乱に拍車をかけた震源地ギリシャと、仏独など欧州の責任は重い。
On Friday, the Group of 20 major economies, including Japan, the United States, China and India, adopted a communique at a summit meeting in Cannes, France.
日米と中国、インドなどが出席し、仏カンヌで開かれた主要２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）首脳会議は、首脳宣言を採択した。
It is reasonable that, to contain the crisis, the communique called on Europe to swiftly implement a rescue plan for Greece and affirmed solidarity to support Europe.
危機封じこめへ、首脳宣言が欧州にギリシャ支援策の迅速な実行を求めるとともに、欧州を支える結束を確認したのは妥当だ。
The communique also welcomed a decision by Italy, which is saddled with a large fiscal deficit, to accept monitoring by the International Monetary Fund.
宣言はまた、財政赤字を抱えるイタリアが国際通貨基金（ＩＭＦ）の監視を受け入れたことを歓迎した。
The monitoring is expected to help prevent anxieties over credit from spreading further.
信用不安の拡大を防ぐ効果が期待されよう。
The summit meeting revolved around the situation in Greece because Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou announced, just before the summit meeting, that his country would hold a referendum on whether to accept a comprehensive bailout plan compiled by eurozone countries last week.
今回の首脳会議は、ギリシャ情勢に振り回された。パパンドレウ首相が会議直前になって、ユーロ圏が先週まとめた包括支援策を受け入れるかどうか、国民投票を実施すると表明したからだ。
===
Major points of plan
The main pillars of the plan are for banks to give up 50 percent of the principal of the Greek government bonds they own; recapitalization of banks with Greek government bond holdings; and measures to expand the European Financial Stability Facility.
支援策は、ギリシャ国債元本の５０％削減、ギリシャ国債などを保有する銀行の資本増強、欧州金融安定基金（ＥＦＳＦ）の拡充策が柱だ。
The Greek prime minister's proposal to hold a referendum was irresponsible, given that the effort to bring the crisis under control was said to have made headway at least for the time being.
ひとまず、危機収束に前進したと評価されただけに、国民投票の提案は無責任に過ぎる。
There was no guarantee that the Greeks would have approved Athens' acceptance of the plan through the referendum.
投票で支援策受け入れが可決される保証はない。
If the plan had been rejected, there would have been no way to prevent the crisis from worsening further and turmoil would inevitably spread in global markets.
否決されれば危機に歯止めがかからなくなる。世界の市場の混乱は不可避だ。
It is natural for Greece to come under a barrage of criticism at the G-20 meeting.
Ｇ２０でギリシャ批判が噴出したのは当然だった。
Papandreou withdrew his proposal to hold the referendum because of opposition in Greece itself, but prospects to end the crisis remain murky.
自国内からも反発を浴び、パパンドレウ首相は国民投票の提案を撤回したが、先行きは不透明といえる。
What is important is for Greece to accept the bailout plan and to survive the crisis.
いま最も重要なのは、ギリシャが支援策を受け入れ、危機を乗り切ることである。
At the same time, it is indispensable for the country to carry out painful fiscal austerity policies, such as reducing the number of civil servants.
併せて、公務員削減など痛みの伴う緊縮財政政策を実行することが欠かせない。
France and Germany also must exercise their leadership to protect the euro.
通貨ユーロを守るため、仏独両国も指導力を発揮すべきだ。
===
Noda must honor pledge
G-20 leaders also agreed to utilize the IMF to support Europe, and the United States and Japan are expected to provide financial assistance.
Ｇ２０は、欧州支援にＩＭＦを活用する点で一致し、日米などの資金援助も期待される。
However, this assistance should be provided only if Europe makes its own efforts.
だが、いずれも欧州の自助努力が前提だ。
Meanwhile, it is significant that the G-20 countries compiled an action plan to realize both fiscal reconstruction and economic growth.
一方、首脳会議で、Ｇ２０各国が財政再建と経済成長の両立へ行動計画をまとめた意義は大きい。
Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda announced that Japan would raise its consumption tax rate to 10 percent by the mid-2010s, and this projected tax hike was incorporated in the action plan.
野田首相は、２０１０年代半ばまでに消費税率を１０％に引き上げる方針を表明し、行動計画に盛り込まれた。
There is no time to waste in reconstructing Japan's public finances.
日本の財政再建は待ったなしだ。
Noda should accelerate the necessary arrangements to realize his international pledge.
国際公約の実現へ、調整を加速してもらいたい。
Noda also said the strength of the yen, which surged as the crisis in Europe worsened, would have a negative impact on Japan's economic recovery, and he sought understanding from other countries for Japan's recent unilateral currency intervention.
欧州危機に連動した円急騰について、首相は、日本の景気回復に悪影響を与えると述べ、単独での為替介入実施に理解を求めた。
Japan needs to coordinate actions with Europe and the United States to stem the appreciation of the yen.
円高阻止へ引き続き、欧米との連携を探ることが求められよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun. Nov. 5, 2011)
（2011年11月5日01時46分 読売新聞）
2011/11/06
タイ洪水被害 集中生産体制を見直す契機に
出ました、読売の自動車業界守護神的記事！
日本の自動車業界の被害はタイ洪水被害全体ほんの一部分、タイの被害に焦点を当てて記事を書いて欲しい。
それで日本よりのドネーション（寄付）も増えるでしょう。
大震災、大津波のときに随分タイから援助をもらっています。お返しするのが人の道だと考えます。
円高で材料を安く輸入できるメリットについては、知らん顔。
円高で日本企業（自動車業界中心＾＾）がなりたたない記事ばかり書きまくる。
なんか間違っているんじゃないですか。読売さん。
こういう記事を掲載するのなら、円高メリットのプラス分をも同時に掲載しないと読者は納得しない。
＞国内拠点の再充実により、空洞化を防ぐ方策も考慮してもらいたい。
海外で頑張っていることで、国内の空洞化は完全に補っている。
こういう記事を書かれると海外で真剣に体を張って仕事をしている人は、ガックリさせられてしまうのです。
マイナスイメージの記事は読んでいてストレスフルなのです。
（スラチャイ）
Thai floods should spur firms to review production system
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 5, 2011)
タイ洪水被害 集中生産体制を見直す契機に（11月4日付・読売社説）
The flooding in Thailand has yet to subside, forcing Japanese manufacturers to drastically reduce their production.
タイの洪水被害が収まらず、日本メーカーが大幅減産に追い込まれた。
Coupled with the soaring yen, there are now concerns that the floods will deal a serious blow to their year-end sales and business performance.
超円高とのダブルパンチで、年末商戦や業績への打撃が懸念される。
Many major Japanese manufacturers have concentrated their manufacturing plants and parts supply chains in Thailand. But this time, such steps have completely worked against the companies.
主要各社が、工場や部品供給網（サプライチェーン）をタイに集中させたことが裏目に出た。
They must strive to restore their operations as soon as possible and rebuild their production system.
早期復旧を目指すとともに、生産体制の再構築が欠かせない。
Automakers have been particularly hard-hit by the flooding in major industrial parks in the country.
主要工業団地の浸水で、被害が大きいのは自動車業界である。
Honda Motor Co.'s plant has been inundated by floodwater, making it likely the factory's operations will be suspended for about six months.
ホンダは工場が水没し、操業停止は約半年に及ぶとみられる。
Because the floods also prevented the automaker from producing parts in Thailand, Honda has been forced to cut production at its Japanese and North American plants as well.
タイでの部品生産もストップしたため、日本国内や北米工場などの減産にも追い込まれた。
Toyota Motor Corp. also suspended operations at its Thai plants because of the difficulty of procuring parts from its suppliers.
トヨタ自動車も取引先からの部品調達が滞り、タイ工場の操業を停止した。
Just like Honda, Toyota was forced to reduce production at its plants in North America and other parts in the world.
ホンダと同様、減産工場は北米など世界各地に及ぶ。
===
Just-in-time can backfire
As part of their cost-cutting efforts, Japanese car manufacturers have embraced the so-called just-in-time production system, which is designed to avoid excess parts inventory, and consolidated their parts supply networks in Thailand.
これまで自動車各社は、コスト削減を実現する狙いで、部品の過剰在庫を持たないジャスト・イン・タイム生産を徹底し、部品供給網をタイに集約化させてきた。
This efficient management style has helped make them competitive.
そうした効率経営は競争力の源泉だ。
However, the current situation has revealed once again that it can also be a weakness when it comes to crisis management, as shown by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which disrupted supplies.
しかし、危機管理の上では逆に弱点となることが、東日本大震災時に続き、改めて浮き彫りになったと言える。
Other industries are facing similar problems. Disruptions in parts supply chains are delaying productions of various items, forcing Toshiba Corp. and Sony Corp. to put off product launches of refrigerators and digital cameras, respectively.
他業界でも状況は同じだ。部品供給網が寸断されて生産が遅れ、東芝が冷蔵庫、ソニーがデジタルカメラの発売を延期した。
There will likely be a shortage of hard disk drives (HDDs), a key component for personal computers, which will certainly influence PC manufacturers' year-end sales.
パソコンの部品であるハードディスク駆動装置（ＨＤＤ）の品不足も懸念され、年末商戦に響くだろう。
The government's white paper on manufacturing industries this year showed Japanese companies' unpreparedness for such a situation.
Asked in a survey in February what countermeasures would be implemented if parts procurement was cut off, more than 90 percent of the companies said their measures were insufficient or they had not established any.
政府の今年の「ものづくり白書」によると、部品調達が途絶えた場合の対応策について、取り組みが「不十分」「進んでいない」と答えた企業は、２月時点で９割を超えていた。
We suspect Japanese companies' insufficient awareness of the need to prepare for unexpected situations is behind the current crisis.
“想定外”に備えるリスクへの意識が甘かったのではないか。
===
Procure parts from elsewhere
Companies affected by the floods in Thailand should try to resume operations at their plants as soon as possible by procuring alternative parts from Japan, China and elsewhere, and supporting restoration of their suppliers' factories.
タイ洪水に襲われた各社は、当面、代替部品を日本や中国などから調達したり、取引先工場の復旧を支援したりして、早期の操業再開を目指すことが課題だ。
They will also need to develop parts that can be easily replaced with substitutes and manage their inventory more appropriately.
代替しやすい部品の開発や、適正な在庫管理も求められる。
Even more importantly, the companies must review their current production system by relocating some of their production centers to other locations, such as Indonesia and Vietnam.
さらに重要なのは、インドネシア、ベトナムなどに拠点を分散し、生産体制を見直すことだ。
They also have to consider ways to prevent the hollowing-out of Japanese industry by enhancing their domestic production bases.
国内拠点の再充実により、空洞化を防ぐ方策も考慮してもらいたい。
Listed companies are currently announcing their midterm earnings reports for the period ending in September. 上場企業の今年９月中間連結決算の発表がピークを迎えたが、
Many companies revised downward their business predictions because of the growing impact of the Thai floods and the record appreciation of the yen.
タイ洪水と、歴史的な円高の影響が広がり、業績見通しを下方修正する企業が相次いでいる。
The government and the Bank of Japan's intervention into the currency market earlier this week failed to stop the yen's surge, leaving many Japanese companies in a difficult situation.
政府・日銀の為替介入にもかかわらず、円高に歯止めはかからず、各社の試練は続く。
They must urgently take measures to bolster their competitiveness.
一層の競争力強化策が急務である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 4, 2011)
（2011年11月4日01時28分 読売新聞）
日本の自動車業界の被害はタイ洪水被害全体ほんの一部分、タイの被害に焦点を当てて記事を書いて欲しい。
それで日本よりのドネーション（寄付）も増えるでしょう。
大震災、大津波のときに随分タイから援助をもらっています。お返しするのが人の道だと考えます。
円高で材料を安く輸入できるメリットについては、知らん顔。
円高で日本企業（自動車業界中心＾＾）がなりたたない記事ばかり書きまくる。
なんか間違っているんじゃないですか。読売さん。
こういう記事を掲載するのなら、円高メリットのプラス分をも同時に掲載しないと読者は納得しない。
＞国内拠点の再充実により、空洞化を防ぐ方策も考慮してもらいたい。
海外で頑張っていることで、国内の空洞化は完全に補っている。
こういう記事を書かれると海外で真剣に体を張って仕事をしている人は、ガックリさせられてしまうのです。
マイナスイメージの記事は読んでいてストレスフルなのです。
（スラチャイ）
Thai floods should spur firms to review production system
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Nov. 5, 2011)
タイ洪水被害 集中生産体制を見直す契機に（11月4日付・読売社説）
The flooding in Thailand has yet to subside, forcing Japanese manufacturers to drastically reduce their production.
タイの洪水被害が収まらず、日本メーカーが大幅減産に追い込まれた。
Coupled with the soaring yen, there are now concerns that the floods will deal a serious blow to their year-end sales and business performance.
超円高とのダブルパンチで、年末商戦や業績への打撃が懸念される。
Many major Japanese manufacturers have concentrated their manufacturing plants and parts supply chains in Thailand. But this time, such steps have completely worked against the companies.
主要各社が、工場や部品供給網（サプライチェーン）をタイに集中させたことが裏目に出た。
They must strive to restore their operations as soon as possible and rebuild their production system.
早期復旧を目指すとともに、生産体制の再構築が欠かせない。
Automakers have been particularly hard-hit by the flooding in major industrial parks in the country.
主要工業団地の浸水で、被害が大きいのは自動車業界である。
Honda Motor Co.'s plant has been inundated by floodwater, making it likely the factory's operations will be suspended for about six months.
ホンダは工場が水没し、操業停止は約半年に及ぶとみられる。
Because the floods also prevented the automaker from producing parts in Thailand, Honda has been forced to cut production at its Japanese and North American plants as well.
タイでの部品生産もストップしたため、日本国内や北米工場などの減産にも追い込まれた。
Toyota Motor Corp. also suspended operations at its Thai plants because of the difficulty of procuring parts from its suppliers.
トヨタ自動車も取引先からの部品調達が滞り、タイ工場の操業を停止した。
Just like Honda, Toyota was forced to reduce production at its plants in North America and other parts in the world.
ホンダと同様、減産工場は北米など世界各地に及ぶ。
===
Just-in-time can backfire
As part of their cost-cutting efforts, Japanese car manufacturers have embraced the so-called just-in-time production system, which is designed to avoid excess parts inventory, and consolidated their parts supply networks in Thailand.
これまで自動車各社は、コスト削減を実現する狙いで、部品の過剰在庫を持たないジャスト・イン・タイム生産を徹底し、部品供給網をタイに集約化させてきた。
This efficient management style has helped make them competitive.
そうした効率経営は競争力の源泉だ。
However, the current situation has revealed once again that it can also be a weakness when it comes to crisis management, as shown by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which disrupted supplies.
しかし、危機管理の上では逆に弱点となることが、東日本大震災時に続き、改めて浮き彫りになったと言える。
Other industries are facing similar problems. Disruptions in parts supply chains are delaying productions of various items, forcing Toshiba Corp. and Sony Corp. to put off product launches of refrigerators and digital cameras, respectively.
他業界でも状況は同じだ。部品供給網が寸断されて生産が遅れ、東芝が冷蔵庫、ソニーがデジタルカメラの発売を延期した。
There will likely be a shortage of hard disk drives (HDDs), a key component for personal computers, which will certainly influence PC manufacturers' year-end sales.
パソコンの部品であるハードディスク駆動装置（ＨＤＤ）の品不足も懸念され、年末商戦に響くだろう。
The government's white paper on manufacturing industries this year showed Japanese companies' unpreparedness for such a situation.
Asked in a survey in February what countermeasures would be implemented if parts procurement was cut off, more than 90 percent of the companies said their measures were insufficient or they had not established any.
政府の今年の「ものづくり白書」によると、部品調達が途絶えた場合の対応策について、取り組みが「不十分」「進んでいない」と答えた企業は、２月時点で９割を超えていた。
We suspect Japanese companies' insufficient awareness of the need to prepare for unexpected situations is behind the current crisis.
“想定外”に備えるリスクへの意識が甘かったのではないか。
===
Procure parts from elsewhere
Companies affected by the floods in Thailand should try to resume operations at their plants as soon as possible by procuring alternative parts from Japan, China and elsewhere, and supporting restoration of their suppliers' factories.
タイ洪水に襲われた各社は、当面、代替部品を日本や中国などから調達したり、取引先工場の復旧を支援したりして、早期の操業再開を目指すことが課題だ。
They will also need to develop parts that can be easily replaced with substitutes and manage their inventory more appropriately.
代替しやすい部品の開発や、適正な在庫管理も求められる。
Even more importantly, the companies must review their current production system by relocating some of their production centers to other locations, such as Indonesia and Vietnam.
さらに重要なのは、インドネシア、ベトナムなどに拠点を分散し、生産体制を見直すことだ。
They also have to consider ways to prevent the hollowing-out of Japanese industry by enhancing their domestic production bases.
国内拠点の再充実により、空洞化を防ぐ方策も考慮してもらいたい。
Listed companies are currently announcing their midterm earnings reports for the period ending in September. 上場企業の今年９月中間連結決算の発表がピークを迎えたが、
Many companies revised downward their business predictions because of the growing impact of the Thai floods and the record appreciation of the yen.
タイ洪水と、歴史的な円高の影響が広がり、業績見通しを下方修正する企業が相次いでいる。
The government and the Bank of Japan's intervention into the currency market earlier this week failed to stop the yen's surge, leaving many Japanese companies in a difficult situation.
政府・日銀の為替介入にもかかわらず、円高に歯止めはかからず、各社の試練は続く。
They must urgently take measures to bolster their competitiveness.
一層の競争力強化策が急務である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 4, 2011)
（2011年11月4日01時28分 読売新聞）
2011/11/05
社説：小規模臨界 監視と説明の強化を
＞ １～３号機のいずれでも、溶けた燃料がどういう状態でどこにあるのか、原子炉のどこがどのように損傷しているのか、よくわからない。
新聞記者のよくわからない発言記事は見苦しいです。
格納容器の底が抜け、溶融状態の燃料が核融合を繰り返し、どこまでも下がって行く図式だと思いますが。
例えば、原子爆弾のように完全に爆発しきるまでその核融合はずっと続くとはっきり書いたらどうでしょうか。
原爆と違うのは爆発に長い時間がかかるだけのような気がします。
保存されている大量の使用済み核燃料に飛び火すれば関東に人が住めなくなるそうですね。空恐ろしいことです。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) November 3, 2011
Editorial: Closer monitoring and more explanation of Fukushima reactors needed
社説：小規模臨界 監視と説明の強化を
The government and Tokyo Electric Power Co., the operator of the tsunami-hit Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant, should step up their monitoring of the plant's reactors to check whether nuclear fission is occurring and provide good explanations of the situation in the reactors to the public.
Xenon was detected in the containment vessel of the plant's No. 2 reactor, and the finding was confirmed by the semi-governmental Japan Atomic Energy Agency.
東京電力の福島第１原発２号機の原子炉格納容器に、放射性のキセノンが含まれていることが明らかになった。東電が検出、日本原子力研究開発機構が確認したもので、気になる結果だ。
Xenon is a radioactive substance with a short half-life generated in the process of nuclear fission of uranium, a nuclear plant fuel.
原発の燃料であるウランなどが核分裂する際に生じる半減期の短い物質で、原子炉で核分裂が起きている恐れがある。
The finding suggests that nuclear fission is occurring in the reactor, and it was initially feared that the reactor temporarily reached criticality -- a chain of nuclear fission reactions.
核分裂が連続する臨界が一時的に起きた可能性も否定できない。
東電や政府は、よく調べてもらいたい。
Small-scale criticality temporarily occurring in a reactor would not mean that the reactor is in a dangerous situation.
一時的に小規模な臨界が起きても原子炉が危険な状態になるとは考えにくい。
Criticality can be sustained only if certain conditions, such as the right ratio of water and fuel inside the reactor, are met.
臨界が長時間続くのは、水と燃料の割合など、特別な条件がそろった時だからだ。
Still, we mustn't let down our guard.
しかし、だからといって安心していいというわけではない。
The government and TEPCO need to find out why the fission has occurred and take appropriate responses. 核分裂がどういう状況で起きていると考えられるか、原因を突き止め、対応策を取る必要がある。
TEPCO has injected boric acid into the No. 2 reactor to prevent it from reaching criticality, but more may need to be done.
東電は、臨界を防ぐホウ酸水を容器に注入したが、念には念を入れてほしい。
Even if the reactor is not in a dangerous condition, the possibility that it might reach criticality has surely caused anxiety to the public.
原子炉が危険な状態になくても、臨界の可能性を不安に思う人は多いだろう。
It is important for TEPCO and the government's Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA) to clearly explain the condition of the reactors and the implications of the discovery of xenon.
東電や原子力安全・保安院が、キセノン検出の意味や原子炉の状態をよく説明することも大事だ。
The xenon was detected from gas inside the reactor's containment vessel using a containment vessel gas management system that began operations in late October.
今回の検出は、１０月末に稼働した「格納容器ガス管理システム」を使い、容器内の気体を調べた結果だ。
It was the first time that such a measurement was conducted, and at least one expert says it would be no surprise if nuclear fission has been occurring since well before these latest findings.
こうした測定は初めてであり、実際は、以前から核分裂反応が起きていても不思議ではないとみる専門家もいる。
The gas inside the containment vessels of the Fukushima plant's No. 1 and 3 reactors has not yet been analyzed. １号機と３号機では、まだ、こうした格納容器内のガスは調べられていない。
The government and TEPCO should carry out similar examinations of the inside of their containment vessels as soon as possible to check for nuclear fission occurring in them.
２号機と同様の現象が起きている恐れがあり、できるだけ早く調べてもらいたい。
More than these individual measurements, however, what is needed is a system that constantly monitors the conditions of all the nuclear reactors at the plant.
原子炉の状態を監視するには、一時的な検査ではなく、常時、測定できるシステムを整備する必要もある。
Officials should consider equipment that can detect neutrons, as they can be used as a direct indicator of whether criticality has occurred.
その際には、原子炉内の気体だけではなく、中性子を検出できる計測器の設置も考えてほしい。中性子は臨界を検出する直接の指標となるからだ。
The government and TEPCO have announced their intention to bring forward the timing of achieving a so-called "cold shutdown" of the crippled reactors in their roadmap to bringing the nuclear plant under control.
政府や東電は、事故収束の工程表を前倒しし、年内に「冷温停止」を達成させる意向を示している。
They define a cold shutdown as a situation in which the temperature inside the pressure vessels of the reactors are kept sufficiently low and the emissions of radioactive substances are under control.
冷温停止の指標としているのは、圧力容器の温度が十分に低く、放射性物質の放出が管理されていることだ。
However, the discovery of xenon in the No. 2 reactor's containment vessel suggests nuclear fission is occurring even though the temperature at the bottom of the pressure vessel is thought to be below 100 degrees Celsius.
It raises questions as to whether such a reactor can be considered stable, even if it is under that temperature threshold.
しかし、圧力容器底部の温度が１００度未満になっても、核分裂が起きている恐れがあった場合に、原子炉が安定しているといえるのか。今回のことで改めて疑問が浮かぶ。
The conditions and locations of melted fuel in the plant's No. 1 to 3 reactors as well as the details of the damage to the reactors remain unclear, and after this most recent finding, the government and TEPCO must step up their monitoring.
１～３号機のいずれでも、溶けた燃料がどういう状態でどこにあるのか、原子炉のどこがどのように損傷しているのか、よくわからない。今回の検出結果を踏まえ、監視の強化は欠かせない。
毎日新聞 2011年11月3日 東京朝刊
新聞記者のよくわからない発言記事は見苦しいです。
格納容器の底が抜け、溶融状態の燃料が核融合を繰り返し、どこまでも下がって行く図式だと思いますが。
例えば、原子爆弾のように完全に爆発しきるまでその核融合はずっと続くとはっきり書いたらどうでしょうか。
原爆と違うのは爆発に長い時間がかかるだけのような気がします。
保存されている大量の使用済み核燃料に飛び火すれば関東に人が住めなくなるそうですね。空恐ろしいことです。
（スラチャイ）
(Mainichi Japan) November 3, 2011
Editorial: Closer monitoring and more explanation of Fukushima reactors needed
社説：小規模臨界 監視と説明の強化を
The government and Tokyo Electric Power Co., the operator of the tsunami-hit Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant, should step up their monitoring of the plant's reactors to check whether nuclear fission is occurring and provide good explanations of the situation in the reactors to the public.
Xenon was detected in the containment vessel of the plant's No. 2 reactor, and the finding was confirmed by the semi-governmental Japan Atomic Energy Agency.
東京電力の福島第１原発２号機の原子炉格納容器に、放射性のキセノンが含まれていることが明らかになった。東電が検出、日本原子力研究開発機構が確認したもので、気になる結果だ。
Xenon is a radioactive substance with a short half-life generated in the process of nuclear fission of uranium, a nuclear plant fuel.
原発の燃料であるウランなどが核分裂する際に生じる半減期の短い物質で、原子炉で核分裂が起きている恐れがある。
The finding suggests that nuclear fission is occurring in the reactor, and it was initially feared that the reactor temporarily reached criticality -- a chain of nuclear fission reactions.
核分裂が連続する臨界が一時的に起きた可能性も否定できない。
東電や政府は、よく調べてもらいたい。
Small-scale criticality temporarily occurring in a reactor would not mean that the reactor is in a dangerous situation.
一時的に小規模な臨界が起きても原子炉が危険な状態になるとは考えにくい。
Criticality can be sustained only if certain conditions, such as the right ratio of water and fuel inside the reactor, are met.
臨界が長時間続くのは、水と燃料の割合など、特別な条件がそろった時だからだ。
Still, we mustn't let down our guard.
しかし、だからといって安心していいというわけではない。
The government and TEPCO need to find out why the fission has occurred and take appropriate responses. 核分裂がどういう状況で起きていると考えられるか、原因を突き止め、対応策を取る必要がある。
TEPCO has injected boric acid into the No. 2 reactor to prevent it from reaching criticality, but more may need to be done.
東電は、臨界を防ぐホウ酸水を容器に注入したが、念には念を入れてほしい。
Even if the reactor is not in a dangerous condition, the possibility that it might reach criticality has surely caused anxiety to the public.
原子炉が危険な状態になくても、臨界の可能性を不安に思う人は多いだろう。
It is important for TEPCO and the government's Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA) to clearly explain the condition of the reactors and the implications of the discovery of xenon.
東電や原子力安全・保安院が、キセノン検出の意味や原子炉の状態をよく説明することも大事だ。
The xenon was detected from gas inside the reactor's containment vessel using a containment vessel gas management system that began operations in late October.
今回の検出は、１０月末に稼働した「格納容器ガス管理システム」を使い、容器内の気体を調べた結果だ。
It was the first time that such a measurement was conducted, and at least one expert says it would be no surprise if nuclear fission has been occurring since well before these latest findings.
こうした測定は初めてであり、実際は、以前から核分裂反応が起きていても不思議ではないとみる専門家もいる。
The gas inside the containment vessels of the Fukushima plant's No. 1 and 3 reactors has not yet been analyzed. １号機と３号機では、まだ、こうした格納容器内のガスは調べられていない。
The government and TEPCO should carry out similar examinations of the inside of their containment vessels as soon as possible to check for nuclear fission occurring in them.
２号機と同様の現象が起きている恐れがあり、できるだけ早く調べてもらいたい。
More than these individual measurements, however, what is needed is a system that constantly monitors the conditions of all the nuclear reactors at the plant.
原子炉の状態を監視するには、一時的な検査ではなく、常時、測定できるシステムを整備する必要もある。
Officials should consider equipment that can detect neutrons, as they can be used as a direct indicator of whether criticality has occurred.
その際には、原子炉内の気体だけではなく、中性子を検出できる計測器の設置も考えてほしい。中性子は臨界を検出する直接の指標となるからだ。
The government and TEPCO have announced their intention to bring forward the timing of achieving a so-called "cold shutdown" of the crippled reactors in their roadmap to bringing the nuclear plant under control.
政府や東電は、事故収束の工程表を前倒しし、年内に「冷温停止」を達成させる意向を示している。
They define a cold shutdown as a situation in which the temperature inside the pressure vessels of the reactors are kept sufficiently low and the emissions of radioactive substances are under control.
冷温停止の指標としているのは、圧力容器の温度が十分に低く、放射性物質の放出が管理されていることだ。
However, the discovery of xenon in the No. 2 reactor's containment vessel suggests nuclear fission is occurring even though the temperature at the bottom of the pressure vessel is thought to be below 100 degrees Celsius.
It raises questions as to whether such a reactor can be considered stable, even if it is under that temperature threshold.
しかし、圧力容器底部の温度が１００度未満になっても、核分裂が起きている恐れがあった場合に、原子炉が安定しているといえるのか。今回のことで改めて疑問が浮かぶ。
The conditions and locations of melted fuel in the plant's No. 1 to 3 reactors as well as the details of the damage to the reactors remain unclear, and after this most recent finding, the government and TEPCO must step up their monitoring.
１～３号機のいずれでも、溶けた燃料がどういう状態でどこにあるのか、原子炉のどこがどのように損傷しているのか、よくわからない。今回の検出結果を踏まえ、監視の強化は欠かせない。
毎日新聞 2011年11月3日 東京朝刊
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